The forest flowers thanked the spring red, too hurried, helpless, cold rain in the morning and wind in the evening. The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money to pay for it. Since people grow to hate the water long east.
Li Yu (937-978), the word Chongguang, is the last emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty, known as Li Houzhu. 975 years, the Southern Tang Dynasty was destroyed by the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Yu flesh to surrender, was escorted to Bianjing, sealed "disobedience to the marquis," and lived in the "north of the day and night, only to wash their faces with tears. He was escorted to Bianjing and lived a life of "washing his face with tears every day and night in North China". A master of the power of life and death of a country, suddenly turned into a prisoner at the mercy of others, the situation is a drop in the bucket, his grief and sorrow is unimaginable to the general public. He received the sadness of life, and frankly, truly pour out their own sadness in the words, which makes his words "deep heart and shallow appearance, short words and long feelings", whether in terms of the ideological content or artistic skills, have greatly exceeded the previous, reached the highest level of the small orders. Try to select the "happy to see each other" two slightly explained.
Look at the first. "Without words alone on the west tower", this line of narration, through the action to reveal the human thoughts and feelings. The language is simple and understandable, but also very concise and accurate. Write the action is "on the west tower", from these three words alone, can not see the human emotions. If it is a concubine, the palace eunuchs, front and back on the west building, it is very happy and lively. However, this is "alone on the west tower", and still "speechless"! "White bird without words must be sad", not to mention the people? Li Houzhu full of sadness and hatred, the image of walking alone on the paper jumped to the forefront. "The moon is like a hook, lonely wutong deep courtyard locks the autumn", these two lines describe the scene, write the Lord after the bleak environment. He climbed the west tower, raised his head to see the crescent moon like a hook, hooked up a string of old hatred and new sorrows; look down to see the sycamore shade deep locks, locks the yard full of autumn. The bleak scenery contains deep sorrow and hatred, and there are feelings in the scenery, and the feelings overflow outside the scenery. Sycamore, in classical poetry, has never been an object of sadness, "Sycamore tree, three more rain, do not say that the love is bitter" (Wen Tingyun "more leakage"), "about the broken words of lovesickness, the night is cool, the sound of tung leaves" (Lu Fu's "qingpingle") "Only a branch of the sycamore leaves, I do not know how many sounds of autumn" (Zhang Yan "qingping music") and so on, the performance is the realm of sadness; autumn is a season of depression and sadness, "where to synthesize the sadness of the hearts of people who are separated from the autumn" (Wu Wenying "Tang Duoling"), the autumn scene caused by a Autumn is a season of depression and sadness. Being in such a deep courtyard of wutong with deep locks of autumn colors, people in general would have a feeling of coldness and loneliness, not to mention the fact that Li Houzhu, who had been reduced from a monarch to a prisoner, would be the one who was in the past when he was a monarch. In the past, when he was a monarch, he lived in a place where "the phoenix pavilion and dragon tower were in the sky, and the jade tree and agarwood branches were made into smoke roses" ("Broken Formation"), accompanied by "concubines lined up in the spring hall" ("Jade Tower Spring"). But now he is living in a "lonely wutong deep courtyard", accompanied by "the moon like a hook", how deep and long his inner sadness is! "Cutting and cutting, still messy, is the separation sorrow", the change of head at the heavy pen to express his feelings, pointing out his own "separation sorrow". His parting sorrow is not the general parting sorrow of men and women, but the deep sorrow and long hatred of losing his homeland. The general parting sorrow, or can be thrown away: "the heart of the victory temporarily throw away the sadness, drunken cool breeze brush woven grass autumn" (Yong Tao poetry); can be washed away: "a song and a cup of wine, for the gentleman to wash away the sadness of the past and present" (Liu Bingzhong Poetry); can be cut off: "The songs and dances in the Liang Yuan are enough to make you happy, and the wine is like a knife to cut off your sorrows" (Liu Zi's poem). But Li Houzhu's sadness is "cut and cut, but also messy", can be seen the depth of the sadness, hate the long. With such deep sorrow and long hatred, what was the taste of his heart? "It is the general flavor in the heart". "This is the special flavor of being a prisoner instead of a monarch. This is a special flavor that no mortal can try, but only one's own family can appreciate. Is it sweet and sour, or bitter and spicy? Is it worry, or is it regret? Tasted themselves, and still can not say, then others can not be said? This is so-called "no sound is better than sound", this kind of speechless sorrow, more than the sorrow of crying.
The second song, "The Forest Flower", starts with the forest flower, but it is not just about the forest flower. Forest flowers is the most beautiful thing in spring, spring red is the most beautiful color in spring. Such beautiful things, beautiful colors, suddenly from the "thank you", how regrettable sigh. Not only the forest flower is so, all living things in nature is also so, social personnel is also so. This is the so-called "one thing, one thing, and so on, and so on, and so on". (Zhou Ji, "Song four words preface") Although the universe is complex, but because of the role of human association, many things can be compared, natural scenery and social personnel can be connected. In the latter's view, a good end of the Southern Tang Dynasty of the moment of decline, not like the forest flowers of the sudden fading? The image of this forest flower is y embedded in the sadness of the deceased country. The six short words contain a very deep and broad content. This is the so-called taking one from all and covering all. Du Fu's "Qujiang", "The wind drifts ten thousand points of sadness", and Yan Shu's "Broken Formation", "The lotus flowers have fallen out of red", all express the sadness and lamentation of the sentient life facing decay, but none of them are as deep as the latter's sentence. "Thank you" two words in the expression of regret and lamentation has been very strong, but still suspected that the words are not enough, and then added after the "too hasty" three words to describe, so that regret and lamentation of the feelings more prominent. Forest flowers withered, this is the inevitable result of sentient life, but if there is no wind and rain destruction, not like this "too hasty". So the author went on to write "helplessly cold rain towards the evening wind" this nine-word long sentence, to explain the reason why the forest flowers withered in a hurry. From the feeling of regret and sighing for the forest flowers to the feeling of resentment towards the wind and rain. The forest flower is beautiful, but also weak, the morning is the rain, the evening is the wind blowing, wind and rain, how can I bear it? In Dream of the Red Chamber, Lin Daiyu's "Funeral Words" wrote: "360 days a year, the wind and the frost and the sword are forced. How long can you be bright and beautiful? It is hard to find them when they are drifting away." It is very similar to the scene depicted in the latter's poem. Li Houzhu used flowers as a metaphor for all beautiful things (including, of course, the beautiful life of human beings), which has a richer content. It is a law of nature that forest flowers are easy to shed, and it is also a law of nature that the rain comes in the morning and the wind comes in the evening. People have no power to return to heaven, neither can they always protect the flowers from falling, nor can they stop the wind and rain from destroying the flowers, and this is the meaning of the word "helpless" in this nine-character sentence. Unable to return to the sky and let the wind and rain, naturally, only "nothing can be done about the flowers falling". In the face of the beautiful things perish, and love can not help, its feelings should be how painful and embarrassing. So then it will be written by the flowers fall, to write people's thoughts and feelings of pain. "Rouge tears" three words are from the flower to write the point of contact. Rouge, is the bright color of forest flowers with rain, it refers to the beautiful flowers, like a metaphor for a good life, good things. Tears, as far as the flowers are concerned, is "a branch of pear blossom spring with rain" of "rain"; as far as the people are concerned, is "feeling the flowers splash tears" of "tears". In terms of people, it is the "tears" of the "tears" of the "tears" of the "flowers". The raindrops of flowers are like the tears of people, and the tears of people are like the raindrops of flowers. Rain and tears exchange, I am the same, I do not know what is the object, what is me, what is the rain, what is the tears, its material and lyricism is really sublimely into the wonderful. The three words "stay drunk with each other" are subtle and ambiguous, with a gentle sentiment. Drunkenness, does not mean drunkenness, but the meaning of intoxication. To stay drunk with each other is to write that people and flowers have fallen in love with each other to the point of being intoxicated. The forest flowers are like tears in the rain, and they can't bear to leave the beautiful life, while the people are like tears in the rain, and it is hard to part with such beautiful things as flowers. People and flowers are so sentimental, but can not be eternal together, "water and flowers spring also", water also go, flowers fall also go, spring also go, and people will also die. Flowers can't bloom again, people can't come back to life, after the flowers fall and people die, "when will they be reunited"? They will never be reunited. It will never be reunited. Isn't this hatred endless? So the lyricist issued a deep lament: "Since people grow to hate the water long east" ah! This is a nine-character long sentence, the first six words write "hate", the last three words write "water", the river rolling, endless, as if people grow to hate the endless. The beginning of the word to "when heavy" sentences, layers of water storage, this last sentence suddenly open the floodgates, full of sadness all poured out at once. In the front of the implicit euphemism, like "not a word, all the wind flow", calling people back and forth; the last sentence seems to be "only a word, the realm of the whole out", people's soul moving heart shock.
Wang Guowei's "Words on Earth" said that the latter word "just like Sakyamuni, Christ to bear the burden of human sin", which is a word of comparison. The latter's words are about the pain of losing one's homeland, but there is another kind of broad and deep thought and feeling. That is, such as this song "happy to see each other", written only forest flowers, the actual metaphor for all the beautiful things; written only personal sadness, but not limited to their own sadness, the image of the word is expressed on the impermanence of life, the world's events changeable, the inexorable passing of years of all kinds of complex emotions, this emotion far beyond their own "the world of the Chi This kind of emotion is far beyond the "sorrow of one's own life" and has a more general and wider content, as if it embraces all the sorrows of human beings. This is just like Sakyamuni and Christ's "burden of human sin". Wang Guowei's words are a profound evaluation of the ideological content of the latter's words. Wang's comment is really insightful from the point of view of this poem.
Attachment: Translation
Silent and speechless, alone and alone, I slowly ascended the empty western building, looking up at the sky, accompanied only by a cold moon like a hook. Looking down, only to see the sycamore tree lonely isolated courtyard, the deep courtyard is shrouded in the cold and bleak autumn colors.
The cut also cut constantly, reasoning is not clear, let a person's heart confused, it is the pain of parting. That long sadness (silk) entangled in the heart, but is another kind of unnamable pain.