Li Ling (? -74 years ago), born in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now Jingning South, Gansu), was a famous soldier in the Western Han Dynasty and the grandson of Li Guang. Li Ling's father is Li Guang's eldest son, Li Danghu, who died young. Li Ling is a posthumous child. As an adult, Li Ling was elected commander-in-chief of Yulin Army in Zhangjian Palace. He is good at archery and is very concerned about his soldiers. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked the Li family to lead 800 cavalry, because they were generals for generations. Li Ling once led troops into the hinterland of Xiongnu for more than 2,000 miles, scouting the terrain and finding no enemies. Later, he was appointed as a captain on horseback, leading 5,000 Chu soldiers in Danyang County to teach archery in Jiuquan and Zhangye to guard against Xiongnu.
In the autumn of the second year of Tianhan (99 years ago), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, to attack the Xiongnu's Xunji Mountain with 30,000 cavalry, and wanted to send Li Ling as the escort of the Li Guangli Army. Li Ling resolutely declined politely and expressed his willingness to lead his men into Khan. Emperor Wu agreed. Li Ling led 5,000 archers from Juyan North, and soon Xiongnu and Khan surrounded Li Lingjun with 30,000 cavalry. The Han army took the trench car as the camp and arranged it outside the camp. Soldiers in front are armed with halberds and shields, while soldiers in the back are armed with bows and arrows. When the Huns saw Han Serenade, they attacked the Han army. The result was shot to death by the Han army with a thousand crossbows. Xiongnu soldiers retreated in succession and were forced to retreat up the mountain. The Han army pursued and killed thousands of people. Khan was frightened, so he dispatched about 80 thousand riders to attack Liling. Liling fought and retreated. Seriously injured soldiers are lying in the car, slightly injured are pushing carts, and slightly injured are fighting with weapons. Li Ling said, "What's wrong with those people whose morale is low and they can't afford it?" ? Are there any women in the army? "("Biography of Li Hanguang Su Jianchuan ") It turns out that when we first went to war, some of the wives of the Kanto thieves were the wives of foot soldiers because they immigrated to the army and hid in the car. Later, it was discovered by Li Ling and all of them were beheaded. Fighting again the next day, beheading more than 3000 people.
After traveling for more than ten days, when I arrived in osawa, there were many reeds in Zezhong. The Huns set fire to the wind, and the Han army also set fire to the surrounding reeds in advance to save themselves. Retreat to a mountain, Khan sent troops to attack, and Li Ling and Xiongnu soldiers fought in the Woods, killing and injuring countless people. He also sent a crossbow to shoot Khan, and Khan fled. Seeing that Li Ling's soldiers were brave and good at fighting, they could not fight for a long time, and they were approaching the Han Village, Khan asked his men, "This elite Han soldier can't attack, so he led us south to the village day and night. Is there an ambush? " The generals said: "Khan can't kill tens of thousands of people who ride against the Han Dynasty, and there is no way to let the border officials and let the Han Dynasty benefit the Huns." So fight again.
At that time, the two armies fought dozens of times a day, and the Han army killed and injured more than 2,000 Huns. Seeing the unfavorable situation, the Huns wanted to retreat. At this time, the post-official of the Han army dared to be insulted by a captain and surrendered to the Huns in a rage, saying, "Lingjun has no way to save, and his arrows are exhausted. The general and the Hou faction in Cheng 'an are both independent, with yellow and white as the standard. It's broken when nothing happens. " Khan was overjoyed, so he sent cavalry to attack the Han army and shouted, "Li Ling, Han Yannian, boring!" (Biography of Li Hanguang Su Jian) The Han army is in the valley, and the Xiongnu is in the mountain, shooting in all directions, and the arrows are raining. The Han army withdrew south, and before it reached Lushan Mountain, it exhausted 500,000 arrows in one day and abandoned them. At this time, there were still more than 3,000 Han troops, who retreated to a canyon with short knives and spokes as weapons and were blocked by the Huns. Khan hid behind the Han army and threw stones at the Han army in the corner. Most of the Han army died and could not move forward.
After dusk, Li Ling walked out of the camp alone in plain clothes and returned for a long time, sighing, "Lost, dead!" " The military attache said: "The general threatened the Huns, and his destiny failed. Later, he asked to return to the Tao. For example, the wild Hou was captured by Lu and then came back from the dead. It's better for the general when the emperor sees him! " Li Ling said, "Stop it! If I don't die, I am not a strong person. " So he cut down all the flags and buried the treasure in the ground. Li Ling lamented: "Dozens of arrows are enough. There are no more soldiers to fight today, it's dawn! Birds and beasts are scattered, and there are still people who belong to the son of heaven. " In the middle of the night, Li Ling and Hou Han Yannian of Cheng 'an led more than ten strong men to break through and were chased by thousands of tarkan. Han Yannian died. The Xiongnu surrendered to Li Ling, and Li Ling said, "I have no face to report to your majesty." (Biography of General Li in Historical Records) and then surrender to the Huns. Almost all his troops were killed, and only more than 400 people returned to Han territory.
In this campaign, Li Ling fought against tarquin with infantry and fought alone, giving full play to the role of bow and crossbow, a long-range weapon, and annihilating more than 10,000 people in tarquin. Its tactical application and campaign command were successful. However, due to the failure of the Han army to provide necessary support and support to the Liling Department, the strength was very different, which eventually led to the collapse of the Liling Army.
After the defeat of Li Ling, Emperor Wu summoned Li Ling's wife and mother. After hearing that Li Ling surrendered, he was furious and blamed. Chen Buller committed suicide, and all the ministers said that Li Ling was guilty. When Liang Wudi asked the Taishi to ask Sima Qian, Sima Qian declared: "Ling Xiao was a loyal scholar, and he died for his country, always desperate. Its stock is also accumulated, with the wind of a national scholar. The minister who protects his wife with his whole body is short-lived, which is really unfortunate and really hurtful! Moreover, there are less than 5,000 soldiers in the mausoleum, and the land of the military is deep, and tens of thousands of troops have been suppressed. Lu couldn't heal the wounded and rescue the dying, and the archer was attacked. Fighting thousands of miles, the arrows are exhausted, people are empty-handed, taking the white blade, and fighting the enemy in the first battle in the north is the mortal strength of people. Although the ancient generals were so much. Although the body is defeated, what it destroys is enough to be violent to the world. If he doesn't die, he should want to repay Han well. "
Soon, Liang Wudi sent Li Guangli to Xiongnu to ask Li Ling for help, but Li Ling had a good relationship with Khan, and Li Guangli failed. Emperor Wu was very angry with Sima Qian and sent him to prison for corruption. After Emperor Wu regretted that Li Ling had not been saved, he said, "We should block the grave and order a captain with a strong crossbow to meet the army. Sitting in advance will make the veteran treacherous. " (Biography of Li Hanguang's Su Jian) So the messenger comforted the fugitives in Li Lingjun.
Li Ling has been in Xiongnu for more than a year. Liang Wudi sent a general, Gong Sun 'ao, to lead the troops into the Xiongnu, but he returned in vain, saying, "I caught one alive, saying that Li Ling taught me to be a soldier and prepare for the Han army, so I got nothing." (Biography of Li Hanguang's Su Jian) Hearing this, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty killed Li Ling's mother, brother and brother's wife. The scholar-officials in Longxi were ashamed of Li. As a result, Li's reputation declined.
Later, the Han Dynasty sent envoys to the Huns, and Li Ling said to the envoys, "I fought for the Han Dynasty with 5,000 Huns, and I will be defeated by death. Why should I be defeated by the Han Dynasty and punish my family? " The messenger said, "It is said that Li taught the Huns to be soldiers." Li Ling said, "It's Xu Li, not me." (A Brief Biography of Li Han Guangsu) Li was a captain beyond the Great Wall in the Han Dynasty, who lived in Xihoucheng and later fell to Xiongnu. Li Ling was very sad. His family was punished for Xu Li, so he assassinated Xu Li. E Shi wanted to kill the mausoleum, so Khan hid it in the north, and E Shi didn't come back until he died.
After the Huns got Li Ling, Khan was greatly admired for his family's reputation as a general for generations and Li Ling's heroic performance in fighting with him. He married his daughter to Li Ling and made her an orthodox school king.
After the Emperor acceded to the throne, General Huo Guang and General Zuo Shangguan Jie assisted in the administration of state affairs, and they got on well with Li Ling, so they sent three people, including Longxi, an old friend of Li Ling, to the Xiongnu to support the mausoleum. Li Ling, a political commentator, boasted: "Han has granted amnesty, China is comfortable, and he is rich in the Spring and Autumn Period, while Huo and Shangguan seldom use it. I want to use this sentence to impress Li Ling. But Li Ling said, "I'm already in uniform!" "I'm afraid I'll lose face again, but what can I do!" Finally, he said, "The husband can't be humiliated any more. "Said he was determined to stay in the huns.
Li Ling lived in Xiongnu for more than twenty years and died in the first year of Yuanping.
Li Guang (? -Former 1 19) Ji Cheng (now from Zhiping Township, Jingning County, Gansu Province) was a famous strategist in the Western Han Dynasty. He used to be a riding general, a riding captain, Wei from Weiyang, and a county magistrate. He guarded the border county, which made the Huns dare not commit crimes for many years. His car is a thousand miles of snow and his weapon is a pear flower gun, so he is called "flying general"
Classic Battle: Ant Victory
His life has not been sealed yet, maybe it is bad luck. There is a historical allusion that "Feng Tang is easy to get old, but Li Guang is hard to seal". In 1 19 BC, he went to the Huns with Wei Qing and committed suicide after defeat.
Li Gan, the youngest son of General Li Guangzhi.
Li Guang had three sons, and the eldest son, Li Danghu, died young. Dai Jun satrap's second son, Li Jiao, also died before Li Guang. Li Gan, the youngest son, often goes to war with the army. When Li Guang died, Li Gan was following General Huo Qubing. The year after Li Guang's death, Cai committed suicide for atonement. In the fourth year of Yuanshou, as the captain, he attacked Zuo with Huo Qubing, fought fiercely, captured the flag of Zuo and beheaded many people. Give Shanhaiguan Hou, food city 200 households, instead of Li Guang as a doctor. Soon, Wei Qing was injured by the death of his bitter father, but Wei Qing remained silent. Later, Li Gan went hunting in Ganquan Palace and was shot by the ancient general Huo Qubing. At that time, Huo Qubing was favored by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty thought: "A deer will die at the touch of it." .