Author: Bai Juyi
The Emperor of the Han Dynasty was very fond of the color of his country, and he was unable to get it for many years. The Yang family has a daughter who has grown up, but no one knows her.
Born with natural beauty, it is hard to give up on herself, and she was chosen to be on the side of the king. A glance back and a hundred winks, six palaces without color.
The spring cold gives bath Hua Qing Pond, hot spring water slippery wash gel fat. The servant helped her up and she was weak, but it was the time when she was newly blessed with grace.
The cloud temples and flower face of the golden steps shake, hibiscus tent warm degree of spring night. The night is short and the day is long, and from now on the king does not have an early morning.
There is no time for pleasure and service, and the spring is a special night from the spring tour. The harem of three thousand people, three thousand favorites in a body.
The golden house is made up to serve the night, and the jade palace is drunk and spring. The company's main goal is to provide the best possible service to its customers.
This is the first time I've ever seen a woman born in a country where there are no children, and I've never seen a woman born in a country where there are no children.
The LIXIL Palace is high up in the green clouds, and the immortal music is heard everywhere. The king of the world will not be able to see enough of them.
The drums and drums of the Fishing Sun moved to the ground, breaking the neon dress and feather coat song. The city of nine queues is full of smoke and dust, and thousands of riders are traveling in the southwestern part of the country.
The Cui Hua Shaking line was stopped again and again, more than a hundred miles west of the capital gate. The six armies were not sent out, and they died before the moth-eyebrows were turned.
The flower inlay was not collected by anyone, and Cuiqiao's head was scratched by a gold sparrow. The king could not save his face, but he looked back and saw the blood and tears flowing together.
The winds of the Yellow Element are scattered, and the cloud stacks are winding their way up to the Sword Pavilion. The Emei Mountains are less traveled, and the flags have no light, and the sun is thin.
The water of the Shu River is blue and the mountains of Shu are green, and the Holy Lord is in love with them all the time. The moon is the color of sadness in the palace, and the bell is the sound of broken hearts in the night rain.
The sky is spinning and the sun is turning back to the dragon, so I can't go to this place. I'm not going to be able to see my face in the mud at the bottom of Mawei, but I'm going to be able to see my face in the air.
The government and the ministers were all covered in clothes, and they looked east to the capital gate and believed that the horses would return. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to get a good look at this, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to get a good look at this.
The hibiscus is like a face and the willow is like an eyebrow. The spring wind and the peach and plum blossom night, the autumn rain and the sycamore leaves fall.
There are many autumn grasses in the south of the Western Palace, and the fallen leaves are full of red and not swept. The Pearland students have new white hair, and the Pepper Room is old and green.
The evening hall fireflies think quietly, lonely lamps pick all not sleep. The night is long, and the starry night is long, and the starry night is long, and the starry night is long, and the starry night is long.
Mandarin ducks tile cold frost heavy, jade coverlet cold who with ****. I've been away for years, and my soul has never come to dream.
The Qiong Taoist Hongdu guest, can be sincere to the soul. The king's thoughts were turned around, so he taught the priests to look for them.
Placing the air and harnessing the gas to run like electricity, ascending to the sky and into the earth to seek it all. The two places were all missing.
Suddenly, I heard that there was an immortal mountain on the sea, and the mountain was in the mist of nothingness. The mountain is in the middle of nowhere, and there are five clouds in the pavilion, and there are many fairies in the pavilion.
There was a man named Taizhen, with snowy skin and flowery appearance.
There is one person who has the name Taizhen, and she has the appearance of snow skin and flowers, and she is very different from the others.
Smelling of the Han family's envoys, I was surprised by their dreams in the tent of Jiuhua.
They are the first to be able to do so, and they are the first to be able to do so, and they are the first to be able to do so.
The cloud sideburns half partial new sleep, the flower crown is not whole down the hall. The wind is blowing and the sleeves are swaying, just like the dance of the neon dress and feathered clothes.
The jade face is lonely, the tears are dry, a branch of pear blossom spring with rain.
They are the first to be able to see the world, and they are the first to be able to see the world, and they are the first to be able to see the world, and they are the first to see the world. The first time I saw you, I was so happy to see you, and I was so happy to see you.
Looking back at the world, I don't see Chang'an, I see the dust and fog. The only way to show your affection is to send your old hairpin.
The hairpin left a stream together with a fan, the hairpin breaks the gold together with the tin. But the heart is as firm as a golden tin, and we will meet in heaven and on earth.
Being a parting party, I sent you the words, in which you swore that you would know each other by heart. The first thing I want to do is to make sure that I have a good understanding of what is going on in the world.
In the sky, I wish to be a bird with two wings, and on earth, I wish to be a branch with two branches. The sky is long, the earth is long, and this hatred has no expiration date.
Note: Golden House: a gorgeous house for the favored woman. LIXI: LIXI Mountain, in present-day Lintong, Shaanxi Province, built for the pleasure of Emperor Xuanzong Huaqing Palace, within the Huaqing Pond hot springs. Jiange: in present-day Sichuan Province, north of Jiange County, also known as Jianmen Pass. Mawei Slope: In the west of Xingping County, present-day Shaanxi Province, Yang Guifei hanged herself here. Taizhen: Yang Guifei's number for female Taoist priests. Xiaoyu, the maiden of the legendary Queen Mother of the West, is used here to refer to the nymphs who accompanied Yang Guifei.
[1] Han Huang: after the Tang Dynasty poets are good to Han Wu Di (Liu Che) on behalf of the Tang Xuanzong. The country : refers to the beauty. Yu: rule the country.
[2] Yang family has a daughter: Yang Guifei is the Shuzhou Secretary Yang Xuan Diem's daughter, raised in his early childhood in his uncle Yang Xuan Wang Gui home, nicknamed Yuhuan. In the 23rd year of the reign, she was appointed as the consort of King Shou (Xuanzong's son, Li Wangyong). In the 28th year of the reign, Emperor Xuanzong made her a Taoist priest and renamed her Taizhen (太真), living in Taizhen Palace. In the fourth year of Tianbao, she was enthroned as a noble consort.
[3] six palaces: the residence of the consort. Powder: this is a woman's cosmetics, here used as a pronoun for women. No color: that is to say that the six concubines and Yang Guifei comparison are not beautiful.
[4] Huaqing Pond: the eleventh year of the Kaiyuan built hot springs Palace in Mount Li, Tianbao six years renamed Huaqing Palace. The hot spring pool was also renamed "Huaqing Pond". Gelatin: describe the skin white and smooth.
[5] Grace: the emperor's favor.
[6] step rock: the name of a kind of jewelry, made of gold and silver wire twists and bends in the shape of a flower branch, decorated with beads and jades, inserted in a bun, walking shake, so called "step rock".
[7] Sisters and brothers: refers to the Yang family. Yang Yuhuan was enthroned, her eldest sister Mrs. Korea, the third sister of the State of Guo, the eighth sister of the State of Qin. Uncle brother Yang Hydrazinium official Honglu Qing, Yang Hydrazinium Qi official Royal Secretary, Yang Zhao gave the name of Guozhong, Tianbao eleven years (752) for the right prime minister, so that "all the Lietu" (divided into land). The poor: lovely.
[8] LIXI Palace: LIXI Mountain by the palace. Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei often drink and make music here.
[9] Yuyang: Tianbao yuan years of Hebei Province of Jizhou renamed Yuyang County, then governed by the area east of present-day Beijing, including present-day Jixian, Pinggu. Including the present Jixian and Pinggu counties, it was originally under the jurisdiction of An Lushan, who was the governor of the three towns of Pinglu, Fanyang and Hedong. Gebei: Ancient snare drums used in the military, riding drums. Nishang Yuyi Song: the name of a famous dance song
[10] Nine City Que: refers to the capital city. Smoke and dust are born: refers to the occurrence of war. Southwest: Tianbao 15 years (756) in June, An Lushan broken Tongguan, Yang Guozong advocated fleeing to Sichuan, Tang Xuanzong ordered General Chen Xuanli to lead the "six armies" set off, he and Yang Guifei and so on followed the Yanqiu Gate to the southwest.
[11] Cuihua: the flag decorated with kingfisher feathers in the emperor's ceremonial battle.
[12] Moth Eyebrows: a substitute for beautiful women, here referring to Yang Guifei.
[13] Cuiqiao: the long hairs on the tail of the kingfisher are called "qiao". Here refers to the headdress shaped like "Cuiqiao". Goldfinch: bird-shaped gold hairpin. Jade hairpin: jade hairpin. This sentence says that all kinds of jewelry and flower inlays were thrown on the ground.
[14] cloud stacks: high into the clouds of the stacks. The winds and twists: the twists and turns. Jiange: Jianmen Pass, in today's Sichuan Province, north of Jiange County.
[15] Emei Mountain: in today's Emei County, Sichuan Province. Tang Xuanzong to Shu, not to pass Emei Mountain, here is just a general reference to the mountains in Sichuan today.
[16] "Ming Huang Miscellany": "Ming Huang both fortunate Shu, southwest line, the first into the valley, is rainy wading ten years, in the rain on the trestle road heard the sound of the bells, across the mountains accordingly. On (refers to Xuanzong) both mourning the princess, picking its sound for the "rain shower bell song" to send hate."
[17] Heavenly Revolutions: a metaphor for the restoration of the country from its capitulation. Back to Dragon Harness: refers to Xuanzong's return to Chang'an from Shu. This: refers to the place where Yang Guifei killed herself.
[18] Mawei Slope: in the west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province. That is, the former "more than 100 miles west of the capital gate" refers to the place.
[19] Tai Liquid: the name of the pool, in the northeast of Chang'an City, Daming Palace. Weiyang: the name of the palace, in the northwest of Chang'an County. Both are old names that existed in the Han Dynasty. Here, it is borrowed to refer to the pool garden and palace in the Tang Dynasty.
[20] Xigong: "New Book of Tang" - eunuchs biography: Li Fuguo coerced the emperor (Li Longji) from the Xingqing Palace to move "Xinei" (the Tang dynasty called the palace of taiji said "Xinei").
[21] Pear Garden: see Du Fu "Guan Gongsun Daniang disciples dance sword line" note. Pepper room: the name of the palace, the Queen lives. Pepper (peppercorns) and mud coated walls, to take its warmth and aroma. A Supervisor: the court of the near servants, the Tang Dynasty six or seven female officials. Qing'e: refers to the young and beautiful courtesans. The phrase "green e is old" and the previous sentence "white hair is new" are a counterpoint to each other.
[22] Lonely lamp: ancient times with lamps and grass to light oil lamps, after a while to pick the lamp grass forward, so that it is good to burn. The lamp was picked out: the night was already deep, and the lampstraw would be picked out.
[23] Gengeng: bright. The starry river: the Milky Way. Desire to dawn the sky: when the sky is about to dawn.
[24] mandarin ducks tile: roof tiles, one bent and one tilted together is called "mandarin ducks tile". Frost Hua: frost flowers. Heavy: refers to the frost thick. Jade coverlet: embroidered with the emerald bird quilt.
[25] soul: refers to the dead soul of Yang Guifei.
[26] Lin Qiong (sound poor): Qionglai County, Sichuan Province. Hongdu: the name of the northern palace gate in Luoyang. Hongdu guest: is said to be the Sichuan priest had lived in Luoyang. A said "Hongdu guest" is said to be Qiong Taoist to the capital as a guest.
[27] poor: the meaning of the search. Bilu : refers to the sky. Huangquan: refers to the underground.
[28] five clouds : five-colored clouds. Nickel : the beautiful look.
[29] Juanjiao is: as if it is.
[30] Bibimbap: knocking at the door made of jade. Bibimbap: originally refers to the door latch or door ring, here refers to the door. Xiaoyu: the author of "The Song of Neishang Yu Dance" wrote: "Xiaoyu, the daughter of King Fu-chai of Wu." Shuangcheng: Surname Dong. According to the Inner Biography of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Queen Mother of the West ordered her daughter, Dong Shuangcheng, to play the sheng of Yunhe. This is a borrowing of Xiaoyu and Shuangcheng as Yang Guifei's maidservants.
[31] Jiuhua Tent: a colorful tent embroidered with Jiuhua patterns.
[32] Pearl foil: pearl curtain. Screen: screen. Meandering: continuous connection.
[33] Appendix: the appearance of tears.
[34] Gazing: gazing.
[35] Zhaoyang Hall: the name of the Han Palace, where Zhao Feiyan lived. This era refers to the old residence of Yang Guifei. Penglai Palace: the legendary sea fairy mountain. Here refers to the fairyland. Tin Hop: a jewelry box inlaid with gold flowers. Sending: to ask to be sent.
[36] Breaking: Separate. The meaning of these two lines is: hairpin to stay a box to stay a piece of hairpin is separated inside the gold box is separated inside the metal flowers.
[37] The Palace of Eternal Life: in the Huaqing Palace.
[38] Lian Li Zhi: two trees with different roots, but the trunks are combined together.
Simple analysis:
This poem is about the love story of Emperor Minghuang of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei, and only the opening line substitutes Han for Tang Dynasty, while all other names of places and people are real. The poem was written in the winter of Emperor Xianzong Yuanhe six years (806), the poet is serving as a lieutenant of the house (now Shaanxi Zhouzhi), once and Chen Hong, Wang quality tour of Xianyou Temple, proposed by Wang, and Chen Hong met with the love story about Emperor Xuanzong and his favorite concubine that was being circulated in the folklore to write a piece of work, Chen wrote into the "Song of the Everlasting Hatred Biography", Bai wrote this poem. The poem begins as a comedy and turns into a tragedy, and although the author's intention is to "punish the favorite", it becomes an ode to love. The most successful part of this narrative poem is its lyricism, which explains the rather complicated plot in a few concise lines and focuses on the rendering of emotions, writing in detail about the intensity of the love between Emperor Tang Minghuang and Yang Guifei, as well as their longing for each other after the death of Guifei. Many of the famous lines are so touching that they have been recited for thousands of years. The dramatic and mythological depictions and strong romanticism in the poem also contribute to its strong artistic appeal.
[Attachment] A Biography of the Song of Long Hatred Composed by Chen Hong, a former scholar
In the middle of the reign of Emperor Kaiyuan, the Tai rank was leveled, and there was no trouble at all in the four seas. Xuanzong reign for a long time, tired of the sunset and night clothes, political size, began to commission the right prime minister; deep in the banquets, to the sound and color to entertain themselves. First of all, Queen Yuan Xian, Wu Shu Fei are favored, one after another that is the world. Although the palace of thousands of good children, there is no pleasing to the eye. On the heart of the heart is not happy. When every year in October, driving honor Huaqing Palace, inside and outside of the housewives, glittering Jing from the bath day after the wave, give
To the soup and bath, the spring breeze liquid, tantalizingly between them. On the heart of oil, if there is something, Gu left and right before and after, pink as earth. Zhao Gao Li Shi potential search outside the Palace, got Hongnong Yang Xuan Diem female in the Shou Di. Both maturity carry on, (temples for real) hair greasy, slim and thick in the degree, mannerisms idle hair, turn to illuminate people. On very pleased. Into see the day, play "Neishang Yuyi song" to guide. The night of love, awarded the gold hairpin Tin Hop to fix it. Also ordered to wear a rocking step, hanging gold (Wang Dang). Next year, booked as a concubine half after taking. By the smelting its face, the sensitive voice, WanYuWanYuWanMo, in order to on the idea, on the benefit of the treatments. When the provincial winds in nine states, mud gold five mountains, snowy night at Mount Li, on the Yang spring morning, and on the line with the carriage, living in the same room, feast special seat, bed special room. Although there are three ladies, nine concubines, twenty-seven women, eighty-one imperial wives, and the harem talent, Lefu prostitutes, so that the son of heaven no care ogle intention. Since the six palaces are no longer into the fortunate. Not only special colorful especially state to be, cover the talent and wisdom, good skill sycophant, the first intention of the purpose, there are indescribable. Uncles and brothers, are listed in the Qing Guan, title for the Marquis of Tong. Sisters sealed Mrs. State, rich enclosure royal family, car clothes Di Di Di, and the Grand Princess of comparable, and the power of grace and power is more than that. In and out of the forbidden door without asking, the capital city officials for the side-eye. Therefore, at that time there was a rumor: "do not have a daughter sad, do not have a child like." And also said: "men do not marquis women as a consort, see women but for the door on the lintel." Its people envy so. The end of Tianbao, brother Guozhong stole the prime minister position, fooling the state. And An Lushan led troops to Que, to discuss Yang's resignation. Tongguan is not defended, Cuihua South Luck, out of Xianyang Road, the second Mawei Pavilion, six troops wandering, holding a halberd does not enter, from the official officials, ambushed on the horse in front of, please kill the wrong to thank the world. Guozhong Feng yak tassel pan water, died in the road week. Left and right of the intention is not fast. Asked on. At that time
Dare to speak, please use the princess to plug the world's anger. On the know not to be spared, but can not bear to see it die, back to cover the face, make hold it and go. Canghuang spread, but also on the extinction of the foot group below. When no one is whispering at midnight?
Would you like to be a bird with two wings in the sky? In the earth would like to be a branch ③
①The Palace of Eternal Life: Tang Huaqing Palace, a hall name, the first year of the Tianbao 11 months made, called the set of spirit platform, the worship of the gods with. Tang Dynasty, also known as the emperor's bedchamber for the Palace of Eternal Life. So the poem refers to the Palace of Eternal Life, not necessarily exclusively refers to the set of spirit platform. ② than the winged bird: the legendary bird, only one eye and one wing, the name of the wing and wing, male and female side by side, fly close to each other. ③ Lianlizhi branch: two tree branches are born together. ④Long Hate Song: a long narrative poem, composed in the winter of the first year of Emperor Xianzong Yuanhe of the Tang Dynasty, when Bai Juyi served as a lieutenant in Shaanxi River bent county, and his friends Chen Hong and Wang Qifu traveled to Xianyi Temple, and discussed the ancient and modern times, and said that the Tang Emperor Xuanzong's drowning in sex and Yang Guifei's favor and privilege, which finally resulted in the mutiny of Mawei, and was overwhelmed by emotion, and was based on the advice of Wang Qifu to make this poem. Chen Hong and for the "Song of Eternal Hatred biography", so the poem, biography of one, complement each other.
The four lines is that, the seventh of July this day at midnight, Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei in the Palace of Eternal Life vow: in the sky to do the winged bird, on the ground willing to be connected to the branches of the ligurian branch, forever and ever as a loving husband and wife. The poem is written in a moving manner and is often quoted by later generations to express their fidelity to love.
Born beautiful ① hard to abandon ②? ①Born with a beautiful face ①Hard to give up ②? ② difficult to abandon: natural beauty, it is difficult to abandon, disappointment. ③Choice: the choice of a consort. Tang Xuanzong is actually from the hands of his son Li Mao Yang Yuhuan, "election" is the word for the honor of the cover up words. Yang Guifei, nicknamed Yuhuan, was a native of Yongle, Puzhou (present-day Ruicheng, Shanxi), and was raised in the home of her uncle, Yang Xuangui, when she was a child. In the 23rd year of the reign of Emperor Kaiyuan (A.D. 735), Yang Guifei was enthroned as the consort of Shouwang Li Mao. In the 28th year of the reign of King Kaiyuan (740 AD), Emperor Xuanzong wanted to take her as his consort. Deterred by the name of public daughter-in-law, he made her a female Taoist priest and lived in the Taizhen Palace, with the Taoist name of Taizhen, which was a kind of temporary arrangement to hide her identity. Tianbao four years (Gong Wu 745 years), the title of Consort, by Tang Xuanzong extreme favor. ④Side: side.
These two lines mean that Yang Guifei was born beautiful, how could she be abandoned? Once she was "chosen" to be the consort of Tang Xuanzong, she was extremely favored. This is a direct description of the matter, the fact that the writing, because Yang Guifei is the Shou Wangfei, Tang Xuanzong's daughter-in-law, so written, the language contains irony, intriguing.
The sky is the limit sometimes ①? This hate ② continuous ③ endless ④
①The sky is long sentence: the sky is long, the earth is long, there is always to the end of the time. ②This hate: refers to the love tragedy between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. ③Sheep: the long and continuous appearance. ④No end: there is no end to the time.
These two lines are saying that the sky is so long, the earth is so long, but there is also a time of exhaustion; the love tragedy of the long hatred, but there is never an end to the day.
The poem uses a generalized language to point out the "long hatred", showing the ancient hatred that Tang Xuanzong's love vow to Yang Guifei could not be fulfilled. These two lines are often quoted by later generations to express the endless hatred.
Nine city que ① smoke ②?
①Nine City Que: the capital city. The place where the emperor lives has nine gates, called the nine heavy, all the way to the door, two should door, three pheasant door, four library door, five gao door, six city door, seven suburban door, eight remote door, nine closed door. ② smoke and dust raw: the occurrence of war. ③ thousand times sentence: southwest line, referring to the escape from Sichuan. Old Tang Book - Xuanzong Ji ": Tianbao 15 June, Tongguan not defended, the capital was horrified. "A Wu, will seek to honor Shu. ...... yiwei, early in the morning, from the Yanqiu door out, drizzle wet, escort but prime minister Yang Guozhong, Wei see Su, chamberlain Gao Li Shi and the Prince, Prince, Fei Lord, the royal grandson has been more than from the less than." The Ziji Tongjian - Tang Ji, Volume 34: 'Yang Guozhong ...... first sang the policy of Shu, on the Ran. ...... A wu, ...... on the war to move north inside, both Xi, ordered Longwu General Chen Xuanli whole than the six armies, generous gifts of money and silk, choose idle stables horse more than nine hundred horses, outsiders are not known. B Wei, dawn, on the only with your sister consort, Prince, consort, Lord, grandson, Yang Guozhong, Wei see Su, Wei Fangjin, Chen Xuanli and close eunuchs, Palace out of Yanqiu door, consort, Lord, grandson outside, are commissioned to go." It can be seen that the escape is extremely hasty and hurried, Tang Xuanzong has been scared at his wits' end, only with Yang Guifei escaped; at that time, the wolves were in a terrible state, "the six armies of those who escorted, a thousand people only". The poem's "thousands of riders" is an exaggeration, not credible.
These two lines say that Emperor Tang Xuanzong, the son of the rich and powerful Emperor, was scared out of his wits, and fled to Sichuan in haste with his consort and a thousand horsemen. Although the poet has not completely escaped from the constraints of the "taboo for the honored one", the word "line" implies a wealth of extra-linguistic meanings, which is intriguing.
Ma Wei slope ① in the mud? I don't see the jade face empty place of death ②
①Mawei slope: in present-day Shaanxi Province, west of Xingping City, that is, "more than a hundred miles west of the capital gate" refers to the place. ②Not see sentence: not see Yang Fei, only see her death. Jade face: refers to Yang Guifei.
These two sentences is to say, Tang Xuanzong from Shu back to Chang'an, passing through the Mawei Slope burial Yang Fei place, had sent a coffin reburied. Digging up the mound, the body has been decomposed, only the scented pouch. So, in the mud of Mawei slope, no Yang Fei, only see her death. An "empty" word, contains the Tang Xuanzong inner sadness, painful memories and endless feelings of longing.
Superfluous ①Bi fall ②Down to the Yellow Springs ③? Both places are not seen
①Poor: exhaustive, all over. ② Bilu: Taoists call the first layer of the sky in the east, the blue haze in the sky, called "Bilu". Here refers to the sky. ③ Huangquan: the crypt where people are buried after death. Borrowed to refer to the netherworld.
These two lines are written by Tang Xuanzong ordered the monk from the sky to the ground to look for the Concubine, but it is a long way off, and there is no place to look for it. It shows Tang Xuanzong's deep longing for Yang Guifei.
Temple fireflies think quietly ①? Lonely lamp ② not sleep
1 Si quietly: lonely and sad. ② lonely lamp to pick up: the ancient use of lamps with oil lamps, after a while to pick the lamp forward, let it continue to burn. "Picked up" is that the night is already deep, the lamp is about to pick up. It describes the situation of not being able to sleep at night.
These two lines are saying that the old palace is a cold scene at night, with only fireflies flying around; the lamps and grasses are all picked out, and the night is already deep, but people still can't sleep peacefully and go to sleep. Tang Xuanzong's longing for Yang Guifei, so sleepless nights of loneliness and misery.
The six armies ① do not send ② nothing to do?
①Six armies: the emperor's guard force. Zhou Dynasty system, the son of six armies, each army of twelve thousand five hundred people, and later generalized the emperor's guard force for the six armies. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Xuanzong, the actual left and right Longwu, left and right Yu Lin four armies, and only after the increase of the left and right Divine Counselor Army, combined into six armies. ② not send: refused to advance. Ziji Tongjian: up to the Mawei stage, the generals are hungry and tired, all angry. Chen Xuanli to the disaster by Yang Guozhong, want to kill; will Tubo messenger more than 20 people cover Guozhong horse, complaining of no food. Guozhong did not answer, the soldiers called: Guozhong and Hu Lu conspired against, Guozhong away, chase and kill. On the staff out of the post door, comfort the soldiers, so that the team, the soldiers should not. On the make Gao Li Shi asked, Xuanli said: Guozhong rebellion, Your Highness is not suitable for worship, I hope that His Majesty cut the law. On the said: Your Highness deep living, and know Guozhong counter-plot? Lux said: Your Highness is not guilty, but the generals have killed Guozhong, and Your Highness in His Majesty around how dare you rest? May Your Majesty think about it, the generals are safe, then Your Majesty is safe. On the order of the Rex to lead the princess in the Buddha Hall, hanged and killed. Carrying the corpse of the post court, called Xuanli and other into the view, and then began to organize the troops for the line of planning. ③ Wan turn: Utah show turn, miserable and lingering state. ④ moth eyebrow: this refers to the eyebrow of a beautiful woman, and later borrowed to refer to a beautiful woman, here refers to Yang Guifei.
These two sentences are to say, to the west away from the capital is only more than a hundred miles, the six armies refused to move forward, really can not be helped, Yang Guifei in the miserable lingering in front of the horse was strangled to death. The poem reflects that "the six armies refused to advance" and demanded the execution of Yang Guifei, who was indignant at Tang Xuanzong's obsession with wine and sex and the scourge of the country and the people. The death of the scapegoat in the poem, euphemistically and implicitly attacked the Tang Xuanzong, the rhyme is endless.
The wind is blowing the immortal's sleeves, and they are swaying and lifting.
1) Sleeve: the sleeve of the garment.
These two lines say that Yang Guifei is standing on top of the immortal mountain, the wind blows, and her sleeves flutter up with it, which has a kind of floating, free, and transcendent beauty, as if she was dancing the Neishang Yuyi Dance in the palace. Poet with the help of imagination, so that the image of Yang Guifei in the fairyland reproduced, vivid image, moving, deepening the Tang Xuanzong to Yang Guifei's thoughts, further rendering the theme of "long hatred".
-Quoted from "An Appreciation of the Best Verses of All Tang Poetry," edited by Li Jizhou
The Song of Everlasting Hatred is one of the most popular of Bai Juyi's poems. It was written in the first year of the Yuanhe era (806), when the poet was serving as a lieutenant of the county of Shaanxi (Zhouzhi, Shaanxi Province, nowadays). The poem was composed when he and his friends Chen Hong and Wang Qifu traveled together to the Xianyou Temple and were inspired by the story of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and Yang Guifei. In this long narrative poem, the author, with refined language, beautiful images, and a combination of narrative and lyricism, recounts the tragedy of the love between Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and Yang Guifei during the An Shi Rebellion: their love was cut short by their own rebellion, and they are endlessly eating the bitter fruits of this spirit. Tang Xuanzong, Yang Guifei are historical figures, the poet does not stick to history, but borrows a little shadow of history, according to the legend of the people at that time, the neighborhood singing, from which metamorphosed into a twisting, turning and moving story, with the loop back and forth, entwined and sentimental form of art, describe, sing out. Because the story and characters in the poem are artistic, a complex and true reproduction of the reality of people, it has been able to ripple in the hearts of readers through the ages.
The Song of Everlasting Hate is a song of "everlasting hate," which is the theme of the poem, the focus of the story, and the seed of the heart buried in the poem. But what is "hate", why "long hate", the poet is not a direct narrative, lyrical out, but through his poetic story, layer by layer to the readers, so that people can figure out their own, to go back to the memory, to feel.
The first line of the poem's opening volume: "The Emperor of the Han Dynasty thought that the color of the country" seems very unusual, as if the story should have been written from here, do not need the author to spend what thought, in fact, the content of these seven words is very great, is the whole program, which not only reveals the story of the tragedy of the factors, but also evoke and unify the whole poem. Immediately thereafter, the poet uses extremely frugal language to describe how Tang Xuanzong, before the Anshi Rebellion, was a man of color, seeking color, and finally obtained Yang Guifei, who "smiled back with a hundred winks, and the six palaces had no color". It describes the beauty and charm of Yang Guifei, and after entering the palace, she was favored because of her color, and not only was she "newly blessed", but also "her sisters and brothers were all listed in the earth". Repeatedly rendered after Tang Xuanzong got the princess in the palace how to indulge in lust, how to have fun, how to indulge in song and dance in the wine and sex all day long. All these led to the An Shi Rebellion: "The drums of the Fishing Sun moved the ground, breaking the neon garments and feathered garments". This part of the poem shows the internal cause of the "long hatred", which is the foundation of the tragic story. The poet introduces us to the hero and heroine of the story through this realistic description of life in the palace: an emperor who favors his wife over his country, and a concubine who is a charming spoiled brat. It also figuratively suggests to us that Emperor Tang Xuanzong's obsession with sex and misuse of the country is the root cause of this tragedy.
In the following, the poet specifically describes the hasty flight of the emperor's soldiers and horses into the southwest after the An Shi Rebellion, especially the destruction of Tang Xuanzong's and Yang Guifei's love during this turmoil. "The six armies did not send out nothing to do, but the moth-eyebrows of the wandering moth died in front of the horse. The flower tin was left uncollected, and the jade head was scratched by a golden sparrow. The king can't save his face, looking back to see the blood and tears and flow", written in the scene of their parting at Mawei slope. The "Six Armies" demanded the death of Yang Guifei, because they were indignant at Tang Xuanzong's obsession with women's color and the scourge of the country and the people. The death of Yang Guifei, in the whole story, is a key plot, after which their love became a tragedy, and then, from the "yellow Egypt scattered winds and sullenness" to "the soul has never come into the dream", the poet captures the character's spiritual world of heartbreaking "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate", "hate". "Hate", with a sour and moving tone, Wan turn to describe and describe the death of Yang Guifei Tang Xuanzong in Shu in the loneliness and sadness, but also on the way to recall the old, back to the palace after seeing things, touching the feelings of the people, all year round things are not the same as the rest of the things of all kinds of feelings. Lingering and sentimental feelings of longing, so that people feel the intestines swinging. Because the poet rendered the feelings of the characters to such a degree, the arrival of the Taoist priests, the appearance of the fairyland, will give people a sense of reality, do not think it is purely a kind of castle in the air.
From "Qiong Taoist Hongdu guest" to the end of the poem, the Taoist priest to help Tang Xuanzong looking for Yang Guifei. The poet used a romantic approach, suddenly up in the sky, suddenly into the ground, "on the poor Bishop fell into the Yellow Springs, the two places are not seen". Later, in the sea on the misty fairy mountain found Yang Guifei, let her to "jade lonely tears appendage, pear blossom a branch of the spring with rain" image in the fairyland reproduced, attentive to meet the Han's messenger, imploring affection, the object to send the word, reaffirming the former oath, echoing the Tang Xuanzong on her thoughts, further deepen, rendering The theme of "Long Hate" is further deepened and rendered. At the end of the poem, it ends with the phrase "the longest time is over, and this hatred has no expiration date", which clarifies the purpose of the theme and responds to the beginning, and it also achieves the "clear sound", giving readers room for association and reminiscence.
The Song of Eternal Hatred firstly gives us the enjoyment of the artistic beauty of the poem, which is the story that is moving, and the exquisite and unique artistic conception of the poem. The center of the whole piece is the song "Long Hate", but the poet starts from "heavy color", and it is written and rendered with great effort. "The sun rises high", "not early morning", "night special night", "see not enough" and so on, seems to be the extreme joy! It is like a comedy, however, the extreme joy is contrasted with the endless hatred behind. Tang Xuanzong's lustful misrule led to a political tragedy, which in turn led to a love tragedy between him and Yang Guifei. The tragedy maker finally becomes the hero of the tragedy, which is the special and twisted part of the story and the reason why the hero and heroine of the poem have to "hate each other". In the past, many people said that "The Song of Long Hate" has an ironic meaning, and this is where the ironic meaning of this poem lies. How does the poet express the "long hatred"? Yang Guifei's death at Mawei slope, the poet's portrayal is extremely delicate, the Tang Xuanzong can not bear to cut off the love but also want to save the inner conflict and painful feelings, are specific and graphic performance. Because of this "blood and tears and flow" of the death of the goodbye, there will be that endless hate. Subsequently, the poet used a lot of ink to repeatedly render Tang Xuanzong's longing for Yang Guifei from various aspects, but the storyline of the poem did not stop at one emotional point, but with the layers of the character's inner world, sensing the constant change of his scenery, moving forward in time and the story, and using the character's thoughts and feelings to open up and promote the development of the plot. Tang Xuanzong ran to Shu, is in the death after the parting, the heart is very sour and sad; return to the road, the old place re-experienced, and evoked sad memories; back to the palace, during the day to see things hurt, the night tossing and turning sleepless. Day and night thought but not, so hope in the dream, but again "long life and death after years, the soul has not come into the dream". Poetry up to this point, has been the "long hate" of the "hate" written very moving, the story ends here seems to be possible. However, the poet's pen, a twist, a different realm, with the colorful wings of the imagination, conceived a charming and attractive fairyland, the plot of the tragic story to the climax, so that the story more twists and turns, there are ups and downs, there are ripples. This twist is both unexpected and reasonable. As the subjective wishes and objective reality constantly contradict and collide, the poem shows the characters' psychology to the fullest, and the story is therefore more moving.
The Song of Everlasting Hatred is a narrative poem with a strong lyrical component. The poet, in recounting the story and shaping the characters, adopts the lyrical technique that traditional poems in China are good at, and harmoniously combines narration, landscape writing and lyricism, forming the characteristic of the poem's lyrical repetition. The poet sometimes injects the thoughts and feelings of the characters into the scenery, and uses the refraction of the scenery to emphasize the state of mind of the characters; at other times, he seizes the characteristic scenery and things around the characters, and expresses his inner feelings through the feelings of the characters, rendering them layer by layer, and appropriately expresses the hard-to-reach feelings that the characters have hidden deep in their hearts. Tang Xuanzong fled to the southwest of the road, all around the yellow dust, stacks, mountains, the sun is dark, the flag is not light, the autumn scenery is bleak, this is a sad autumn scenery to set off the character's sadness. In Shu, the face of the green mountains and water, or night and day can not forget, Shu mountains and water is very beautiful, but in the eyes of lonely and sad Tang Xuanzong, the mountains of the "green", the water of the "turquoise", but also cause sadness, the beauty of nature should have a quiet state of mind The beauty of nature should be enjoyed in a tranquil state of mind, but he didn't have it, so it added to his inner pain. This is through the beautiful scenery to write sadness, so that the feelings of another layer of depth. The moonlight in the palace, the ringing in the rainy night, it was already very provocative, the poet seized these unusual but characteristic things, to bring people into the realm of sadness, broken heartedness, coupled with that a sight and a sound, a color and a sound, intertwined with each other, in the language, the tone of voice, but also show the character's inner sadness, this is another layer. Returning to the road, "the sky is spinning", would have been happy, but the old place again, the jade face is not seen, can not help but sad tears. The narrative adds another layer of painful memories. After returning to Chang'an, "I returned to the same pool and garden, and the hibiscus and willow were still there. The hibiscus is like a face and the willow is like an eyebrow, how can I not shed a tear at this? In the daytime, due to the environment and scenery triggers, from the scenery associated with people, the scenery is still the same, but people are not there, can not help but weep, from the hibiscus flowers of the Taiyiquan Pond and the willows of the Weiyanggong Palace as if to see the appearance of Yang Guifei, showing the character's extremely complex and subtle inner activities. "The fireflies in the evening hall are quiet, and the lonely lamps have not been picked out for sleep. Late bells and drums at the beginning of the long night, Geng Xinghe wants to dawn." Written from dusk to dawn, it centrally expresses the scene of being haunted by love at night and not being able to sleep for a long time. This kind of bitter longing, "spring wind peach and plum blossom day" is so, "autumn rain sycamore leaves fall" is also so. Until I saw that year's "pear orchard disciples", "Supervisor Qing'e" have been gray hair and face, more evoked thoughts of past pleasures, since it is sad. From the yellow mist to the green mountains of Shu, from the night rain in the palace to the triumphant return, from day to night, from spring to fall, everywhere touching things to be sad, and seeing things to think of people, from all aspects of the poem, repeatedly rendering the main character's painstaking pursuit and searching. If he can't find it in real life, he goes to find it in his dream, and if he can't find it in his dream, he goes to find it in the fairyland. Such ups and downs and layers of rendering make the character's feelings spiral back up and reach a climax. The poet is through such layers of rendering, repeated lyricism, back and forth, so that the character's thoughts and feelings embedded in a deeper and richer, so that the poem "delicate texture", more rich in artistic infectivity.
As a narrative poem for the ages, The Song of Eternal Hatred is of high artistic achievement. Throughout the ages, many people have affirmed the special artistic charm of this poem. What infects and seduces the readers in the art of The Song of Eternal Hatred? It is moving and lingering .