. . Brief introduction of content. .
Famous writer Guo 202 1 blockbuster new work!
The Rise and Fall of Silk Road in 2000 from the Perspective of China!
How does the geographical passage between China and the West shape the world pattern and the trend of civilization?
Arrive in the world from China and foresee the future from a historical perspective.
For more than 2,000 years, the unique geographical conditions have created China's self-contained unified tradition and the tenacious continuation of Chinese civilization. However, since Zhang Qian hollowed out the Western Regions, messengers, monks and businessmen have been coming in an endless stream, with different missions and purposes, starting from China, or crossing the Gobi Desert in the Western Regions, or crossing the ocean, all the way west to explore the wider world outside China and China. The materials and ideas they brought back also profoundly influenced people's living world. The Silk Road was born.
This is a history of civilization exchange between ancient China and the western world for two thousand years, and it is also a grand history of the formation, prosperity, evolution and decline of the Silk Road from the perspective of China. Through careful excavation of historical materials, the author restored the legendary experiences of important diplomats, monks and explorers on the Silk Road with vivid and popular words. During the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian, as an emissary, communicated with Yuejia and Wusun to crusade against Xiongnu, which opened the road to the Western Regions. In the Tang Dynasty, Xuanzang went to India to learn from the scriptures. In the Song Dynasty, the maritime trade in Southeast China flourished, and porcelain and silk were sold overseas. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the strict implementation of the maritime ban policy, the Silk Road gradually weakened.
The Silk Road is not only the road of conquest, faith, trade and empire in history, but also the future road that determines the direction of human civilization in the new era.
. . Author's brief introduction. .
Guo, freelance writer, social observer, 2 1 century business reporter.
He has successively published the best-selling books in history, The Surrounding of Bianjing, The Imperial Code Trilogy, The Financial Code of the Central Empire, The Philosophical Code of the Central Empire and The Military Code of the Central Empire. Historical travel notes "Crossing Africa for 200 years" and "Crossing the Middle East for 100 years"; Novel Farewell to Shambhala; Cultural travelogues, Asian Trilogy, India, Floating subcontinent, Under the Cloud of Three Thousand Pagodas, Riding to the Yuan Dynasty and so on.
. . A brief comment .
#
The writing is fluent and there is no sense of separation at all. It's refreshing to read. The postscript also makes people feel that the author is a three-dimensional person.
#
Grand strategy of Han Dynasty: military conquest and diplomacy 1, Zhang Qian's hollowing out of the western regions 1. 1 In order to fight against the Huns, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the western regions to unite the Dayue family who was defeated by the Huns. Zhang Qian went through a lot of hardships to reach the Amu Darya River basin in Central Asia, and got in touch with the Dayue family, but the latter had no intention of attacking the Huns. 1.2 Zhang Qian's mission failed, but he learned a lot about the western regions, which prompted Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty to make up his mind to win the Hexi Corridor and open the passage between the Central Plains and the western regions. History says "Zhang Qian hollowed out the western regions" 2. Controversy between Han and Hungary 2. 1 The Han Dynasty competed with Xiongnu for a small country in the Western Region, eventually expelling Xiongnu forces and establishing a capital protection office in the Western Region. 2.2 Ban Chao maintained the Han Dynasty's rule over the Western Regions with superb diplomatic skills. Second, the power of faith: Buddhism spread eastward and cultural diversity 1, Buddhism spread eastward 1. 1 Buddhism spread from the Western Regions to the Central Plains in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and flourished in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. 1.2 Two paths for the spread of Buddhism. Please come in: Indian monks enter China through the western regions; Go out: Monk China went out and went to India. Eastern Jin Dynasty 1.3 Faxian opened up sea routes. Tang Xuanzang found a shortcut to India. 2. Cultural diversity 2. 1 Various religions were introduced into the Central Plains through the western regions, such as Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Nestorianism. 2. The Arab Empire rose in the 28th century, expanded to Central Asia and spread Islam. Subsequently, Islam was introduced into the Central Plains through Central Asia. 2.3 The Silk Road became the road of faith. 3. The Tang Dynasty withdrew from the Western Regions 3. 1. The Tang Dynasty lost the battle of Nero, and its expansion in the western regions reached its limit. Then the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and Tang Jun in the western regions withdrew completely, and the Tang Dynasty lost control of the western regions. The decline of the silk road. Third, build a country by trade: the Maritime Silk Road and Chinese and foreign exchanges 1, the rise of the Maritime Silk Road 1. 1 In the Song Dynasty, due to the Xixia in the northwest, the connection with the western regions was cut off, and foreign exchanges had to rely on the sea. 1.2 The Southern Song Dynasty lost a lot of fertile soil in the Central Plains, so it was unable to establish a country by agriculture, and its finance relied on overseas trade, so it established a country by trade. 1.3 Due to the characteristics of ocean transportation, porcelain replaced silk as the most important commodity on the Silk Road. 2. The Mongolian Empire promoted the Silk Road 2. 1. The Mongol Empire opened up Eurasia, making the communication between the East and the West universal. 2.2 The Yuan Dynasty inherited and carried forward the overseas trade of the Southern Song Dynasty. Chinese and foreign exchanges frequently inherit the throne. 4. Unreal prosperity: seven voyages to the West and closed to the outside world 1, Zheng He's seven voyages to the West 1. 1 Judy, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, made a scene of "all nations coming to Korea" to increase legitimacy and ordered Zheng He's fleet to go to sea. 1.2 Zheng He's seven great voyages to the Western Ocean reached East Africa as far as possible, but without any innovation, it cost a lot of money and became an important financial burden, which was finally stopped. 2. Closed to the outside world 2.165438+The Portuguese invaded and colonized Southeast Asia in the 6th century, and 1554 occupied China and Macau. The Ming Dynasty was unable to protect Southeast Asian countries, and Portugal was unable to knock on the door of China, so both sides stopped and formed a geographical balance. 2.2 The Ming Dynasty perished and the Qing Dynasty flourished. At first, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty showed great interest in western civilization, but in the Qianlong period, they began to close their doors. China has lost its dominant position in overseas trade. 2.3 Britain broke the geographical balance, forcing the Qing government to sign the Sino-British treaty of nanking in 1843, knocking on the door of China. The ancient Silk Road came to an end. Title: The Great History of the Silk Road: When China Encountered the World Author: Guo Speaker: Knife, Split, Three Views and Embrace Teacher Introduction: Senior Media Person, Book Reviewer and Columnist: Shi Tan 20 17 Planning Compilation: Editor:
. . Pay attention to friends? Come across a good book. .