Jiuquan another cultural relics is located in the center of the city of Jiuquan Bell and Drum Tower, has been hundreds of years of history, majestic, well-preserved. Drum tower by the brick masonry foundation on all sides of the arch, the arch above the bricks were carved with "the east to meet the prison, west of Yiyu, south of Qilian, north of the desert," the text of the strong and powerful.
Jiuquan jade processing luminous cup, exquisite craftsmanship, known throughout the country. "Grape wine luminous cup, want to drink pipa immediately urge, drunken sand gentleman do not laugh, ancient conquests a few people back," the Liangzhou words that refers to this cup.
Launch base so more famous
Dunhuang
Located in the western border of the Hexi Corridor, it is south of the Qilian Mountains, west of the vast sprawling Takla Yakan Desert, the back of the jagged snake curved Beisei Mountain, the east of the peaks and peaks of the Three Dangerous Mountains. Dunhuang and Gansu is known as a fertile place, one of the province's stable high-yield counties and cities, since ancient times has been known as the hometown of melons and fruits.
Han Yuan Ding six years (111 years ago) set Dunhuang County, and the establishment of Yumen Pass, Yangguan, the history of the four counties according to the two passes, from now on, Dunhuang has become the throat of the Silk Road, but also become the "Chinese Rongjiaoshi a capital". Tang Dynasty Dunhuang, economic and cultural prosperity. Dunhuang at that time, both an international trade market, but also a culturally developed metropolis, history books have been the Lantern Festival Chang'an first, Dunhuang second, Yangzhou third record. China's ancient splendid art treasure trove - Mogao Caves, in the Tang Dynasty, "increasingly elegant, fresh and luxurious, stunning shadow colorful", "caught in the Sheng Tang, to the extreme", reached its peak. The famous dance drama "Silk Road Flowers and Rain", is a vivid reflection of this situation. Dunhuang was listed by the State Council in 1979 as one of China's first cities open to the outside world, in 1986 was named by the State Council as "China's Famous Historical and Cultural City", in 1992, was approved by the People's Government of Gansu Province, Dunhuang Tourism Economic Development Zone.
Jiayuguan Fort
Jiayuguan City is now under the jurisdiction of the area, traditionally part of the ancient Suzhou (now Jiuquan), in the 1960s before, never a separate county, until after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Jiayuguan was set up in districts, townships, and still under the jurisdiction of the county of Jiuquan. 1965 was established Jiayuguan City. Jiayuguan City was established in 1965. The Jiayuguan fortress was built at the foot of Jiayushan Mountain in the west corner of Jiayuguan City. It is situated on the mountain and the water, high above the sea, and can be attacked and defended, with a dangerous terrain, which is one of the narrower sections on the Hexi Corridor, and is known as "the first pass on the west side of the river" and "the lock and key of the border area". Jiayuguan Pass is the starting point of the western end of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, which is called "the most powerful pass in the world". In 1961, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit, and in December 1994, it was identified by the provincial party committee as a patriotic education base in Gansu Province. Jiayuguan Pass is a huge building. The city of the pass has overlapping tiers and flying eaves, which is lofty and magnificent. Guancheng flanks, the Great Wall of solid climbed mountains, winding winding, beacon piers, the layout is reasonable, forming a barricaded military defense system. The design of the Pass City is very elaborate. It consists of the inner city, urns, outer city, pavilions and ancillary buildings, heavy city and guard, easy to defend and difficult to attack, solid as a golden soup. The inner city is the heart of the city, when the military command organs, supply wagons and materials are in the inner city. City built on both sides of two wide brick pavement horse road, can be directly to Guanlou, leading to the city of each place. North and south of the city wall in the center, each built three corridor type enemy tower. The corners of the city wall has four two-story corner tower. Inside the city on top of the east and west doors, each built a three-story tower; around the east and west doors also built urns, an area of about 550 square meters; urns and the inner city wall height, sealing the door are open to the south, not straight through the door with the city, not only increased the solemn deep city, but also become a line of defense of the inner city. Around the inner city and urn, built a city. West of the outer city called Luo Cheng, the city foundation with stone masonry, the upper wall are brick, facing the west urn open a gate, lintel with "Jiayuguan Pass" three words, for the main gate of the city. This door is built on the top of a three-story heavy eaves tower, solemn and generous. East, south and north of the outer city are earth walls, circumference of 1100 meters. Outside of the city to repair a protective trench. The eastern side of the outer city was built "gate", there is a three-bay gate building. Inside the gate, there is a square with Ming and Qing Dynasty buildings such as Wenchang Pavilion, Guandi Temple Pai Lou and Theater House. More than 100 meters west of the gate, there is a monument of "The World's Most Powerful Pass". The Great Wall is the symbol of the Chinese nation. As a part of the Great Wall culture, Jiayuguan Pass is an ideal place and tourist attraction for spreading the excellent culture of China to the world, carrying forward the spirit of the nation, demonstrating the ingenuity of the Chinese working people and educating patriotism.
Laojunmiao Oil Mine Site
Laojunmiao Oil Mine is located in Yumen, Gansu Province, covering an area of 1,761 square kilometers. It was originally the host oil field of Yumen Petroleum Administration and one of the earliest developed oil fields in China. in December 1994, it was identified by the provincial party committee as a patriotic education base in Gansu Province.
Laojunmiao oil mine was put into development under the special historical conditions of the Anti-Japanese War. 1938, a group of patriotic intellectuals, including geologists Sun Jianchu, Yan Shuang and Jin Xigeng, came to the empty mountain without seeing birds, and the wind blew the stones to run on the banks of the Petroleum River, and began the arduous work of creating the Laojunmiao oil mine. Because an oil well was drilled in front of a dilapidated Laojunmiao Temple, it was named Laojunmiao Oilfield. from 1939 to September 1949, Laojunmiao Oilfield*** produced nearly 500,000 tons of crude oil, accounting for more than 90% of the country's total oil production during the same period, making it the largest oilfield in old China with the largest number of workers and leading technology. After the establishment of New China, Yumen Oil Mine was highly valued by the Party and the government. During the "First Five-Year Plan" period, it was constructed as the first petroleum industrial base in China. Since then, the Yumen Oilfield, mainly the Laojunmiao Oil Mine, has endeavored to produce more oil to meet the needs of the country, and has made outstanding contributions to the development of the petroleum industry. in 1988, a total of 72,000 employees and 2,100 sets of equipment were transferred to support the development and construction of more than 50 oilfields and refineries nationwide. The Yumen Oilfield has gained rich experience in development and construction, providing an important reference for the development of the national oil industry. It has assumed the historical responsibility of "three big and four big" (big school, big experimental field, big research site, talent, experience, technology and products). Laojunmiao oil mine site are: oil river. The oil wells of Laogunmiao Oil Mine are distributed on both sides of the Petroleum River, and the Yumen Oil Refinery, which was built in 1940, is also on the banks of the Petroleum River. The Petroleum River is the birthplace of the Laogunmiao Oil Mine and the "lifeline" of the oilfield's production and people's living water; the Laogunmiao Temple, located on the east bank of the Petroleum River, is the main venue for the annual cultural fair of the oilfield; the Xieheba Kiln Cave, located on the west bank of the Petroleum River, is the place where the old Chinese oil workers lived, and a historical testimony to the hard life of the oil workers of China; the old No. 1 well site, located on the west bank of the Petroleum River, is a place for the oil workers of the past. Historical witnesses; the old No. 1 well site, which produced oil in March 1939, the well has ceased production, one of the main symbols of the Laojunmiao oil mine; now there is a monument to Sun Jianchu, a bronze statue of Wang Jinxi, and an exhibition room of the mine history of the Laojunmiao oil mine.
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes
Mogao Grottoes is located in Gansu Dunhuang City, 25 kilometers southeast of the foothills of the Mingsha Mountains on the banks of the Dazhuan River, the north-south length of more than 1,610 meters, is the world's largest, longest continuation of the longest time, the most well-preserved, the most rich in artistic content and superb grottoes group. in December 1994, the provincial party committee identified as the base of patriotism education in Gansu Province. According to records, a monk named Lezun excavated the first cave here in 366 AD. Since then, people have successively opened caves here. The earliest existing caves were built in the 16th Dynasty (Beijing), and then experienced the Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Western Xia, Yuan **** ten dynasties for more than 1,000 years of continuous excavation, preserved to this day, there are 492 caves, there are 45,000 square meters of murals and more than 2,000 bodies of colorful sculptures.
Mogao Grottoes is the building, colorful sculptures and murals of the three body cave art. The grottoes have three general shapes: Zen Grottoes, Center Pillar Grottoes, and Halls. Statue is the main body of the grottoes, are painted clay. Art by the Indian "Gandhara", "Matura" and other statue-making style, combined with national traditions, and gradually formed the Chinese style of colorful sculpture. The mural paintings mainly include seven categories, including Buddha's portraits, traditional national themes, sutra stories, Buddhist history paintings, sutra changes, images of supporters, and decorative motifs, etc. The Cave of the Sutras (Cave 16), discovered in 1900, is the highlight of the Mogao Grottoes. There are about 50,000 volumes of ancient precious documents and a large number of silk paintings and other works of art, the earliest of which are the scriptures written during the Three Kingdoms and the two Jin dynasties, and the latest is the one written in 1002 A.D. The most important artifacts unearthed in the cave include the scriptures of the Three Kingdoms and the two Jin dynasties. More than 90% of the artifacts unearthed in the Cave of Sutras are Buddhist scriptures, many of which are precious classics that have been lost. In addition, there are Confucian classics such as "Poetry", "Book", "Analects", etc.; historical documents related to ancient rules and regulations, etc.; ancient literary works such as variations, songs and lyrics, as well as linguistic and textual materials such as common characters and rhythms, etc.; ancient scientific and technological materials, including medicines, astronomical calendars and geographies; and ancient music scores, dance scores as well as the "Chess Scriptures" and other documents on sports. In 1961, Mogao Grottoes were listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council, after which funds were allocated to carry out large-scale reinforcement and maintenance. In 1984, the State approved the expansion of the Dunhuang Institute of Cultural Heritage into the Dunhuang Academy, which modernized the protection of Mogao Grottoes and the nearby caves and conducted systematic research. Dunhuang Research Institute has become an international research center of Dunhuang science, Mogao Caves is also a new attitude to meet more and more domestic and foreign tourists, investigators.