The 1950s - radio gymnastics popular in the world
1951, the new China was founded soon, a lot of waste, in the masses of people actively engaged in construction at the same time, the urgent need for a simplest, the most popular mass sports activities to improve the quality of the national health. 1952 November 24, the Radio gymnastics came into being in this political and economic environment.
"The first set of radio gymnastics will now begin! The first section, stretching exercise ......"
Every day when the loudspeaker sounded, millions of workers and students did gymnastics along with the radio, which became an unprecedented novelty in history. In order to adapt to the fitness needs of different people, radio gymnastics has designed eight sets, and also designed a special gymnastics for young people, so that radio gymnastics has become one of the largest number of participants in the past decades of mass fitness activities in China. Radio gymnastics mainly through the body parts of the flexion and extension activities, so that the movement of the immediate heart rate of 120-140 times / min or so, the best effect of exercise heart.
However, this relies on administrative means to promote the fitness movement overemphasizes the sports for production, national defense services, ignoring the role of sports on individual development, is not conducive to mobilizing the participants of the intrinsic fitness enthusiasm.
The 1960s - Ping-Pong and Swimming on a Grand Scale
The victory of Chinese athletes at the 26th World Table Tennis Championships in the 1960s inspired tens of millions of Chinese to pick up table tennis paddles. From the cities to the countryside, from factories to schools, there were tables made of wood and bricks everywhere, and table tennis fever was on an unprecedented scale.
Also, Comrade Mao Zedong's swim in the Yangtze River in 1957 inspired hundreds of millions of people to take up swimming, and a large-scale mass crossing of the river was organized in Shanghai on June 1, 1965, which lasted two and a half days and was attended by more than 25,000 people from all over the city.
To date, these two types of exercise remain two of the most popular among the nation's fitness regimens.
1970s - symbolic long-distance running events
In the 1970s, a new trend emerged in the way the masses worked out: before every important festival, mass long-distance running events were held in all provinces and cities. These events often attracted millions of people and had a great social impact. For example, in November 1974, Shanghai organized the "exercise, defend the motherland, Shanghai - Jumbo Island symbolic long-distance running" activities, *** more than 1.4 million people participated.
Most of the mass fitness activities before the 1970s lacked sports equipment and venues, but the participation rate was high, which greatly contributed to the development of mass fitness. However, such activities were generally complicated to organize and difficult to regularize.
1980s - fitness program a year a kind
Step into the 80's, the mass fitness program can be said to be a year a kind: 83 years of a "Shaolin Temple" so that the Chinese kung fu hot throughout the street, 84 years of Frisbee game became popular, 85 years of roller skating, 86 years of disco fitness dance and 87 years of hula hoop became the youth in the middle of the world, and the youth in the middle of the world. In '85, roller skating, '86 disco dancing and '87 hula hooping became the hottest fitness methods among young people. Among older people, traditional tai chi is starting to recover.
While the fitness boomed, small fitness equipment also continued to emerge, and it became the proudest thing for young men to own a tensioner or a grip. 1987 university Wang Qingmei told reporters that he saved money from food expenses to buy a spring tensioner for himself, and practicing more than 10 minutes every morning and evening became almost mandatory.
In the 1980s, mass fitness began to pay attention to science, warming up before exercise, nutrition after exercise and other related knowledge has been popularized.
The 1990s to the present - fitness and the world synchronization
The 1990s popular "saving money rather than saving health" concept, fitness in a variety of ways, a variety of fitness almost synchronized with the world. Nowadays, internationally popular fitness programs, from taekwondo, combat gymnastics, to high-temperature yoga, dynamic cycling, the Chinese market has everything. Mass fitness is not only the pursuit of health, but also the pursuit of fashion.
The prosperity of today's mass fitness content is not only manifested in the absorption of foreign fitness methods, but also in the fact that many of the fitness methods that have emerged since the 1950s have been well inherited. Even radio gymnastics, which was once interrupted, has begun to be revived among workers in a considerable number of enterprises.
From the perspective of the development process of mass sports in China over the past 50 years since the founding of the country, external factors such as the political environment and economic conditions have had a considerable impact on national fitness. However, in the future, with the improvement of our people's nutritional level, the education level of the general population, the level of sports consumption, the change of sports values, and the increase of leisure time, the development of mass fitness will certainly get better and better. In addition, with China's gradual entry into the aging society, in sync with the world at the same time, the majority of the masses of popular ethnic sports and fitness will gradually dominate.
The following is an overview by Liu Peng, director-general of the State General Administration of Sports:
Vigorously carrying out mass sports activities and constantly improving the people's health quality is the fundamental goal of sports work, and an important means of promoting the all-around development of human beings. Since the founding of New China, the Party and the government have always attached great importance to the development of mass sports, and have successively issued a series of rules and regulations and policy measures, including the Preparation for Labor and Guardianship of the Nation Sports System (referred to as the "Labor and Guardianship System"), and the National System of Standards for Physical Exercise. In order to meet the growing demand for physical fitness among the general public, in June 1995 the State Council approved and issued the Outline of the National Fitness Plan. Since the implementation of the Outline, governments at all levels and relevant departments have been striving to build a pro-people, people-friendly, people-friendly sports service system, and to create a new situation for the work of mass sports, and have achieved remarkable results.
Mass sports facilities are located in both urban and rural areas, providing strong support for mass participation in sports and fitness activities. By the end of 2004, there were 850,080 sports venues of all kinds in China, 199 times as many as at the beginning of the country's history. The per capita area of sports venues was 1.03 square meters, or 101 times that of the early years of the People's Republic of China. In particular, since the implementation of the National Fitness Program, the central government has invested in the construction of 13 batches of National Fitness Paths, building 11,000 National Fitness Paths. In some cities across the country to build "national fitness activity center project" 157, in the old, few, border, poor and other economically underdeveloped areas to help build small public **** sports facilities and "snow project" 318.
The level of organization of mass sports has continued to improve, basically covering both urban and rural areas across the country, forming a hierarchical structure of central, provincial, prefecture and city levels, district and county levels, and streets (townships). In order to ensure that the "national fitness program" scientific, standardized, sports departments at all levels, in conjunction with the relevant departments to implement the national physical fitness monitoring system, such as regular surveys on the status of mass sports, guidance and standardization of mass sports and fitness activities.
Mass sports activities flourished. From 1957 to 1966, more than 42 million people met the standards of the "labor and health system" and youth physical exercise. Since the promulgation of the Outline of the National Fitness Program, localities have actively carried out "hundreds of millions of young people and children fitness activities", "hundreds of millions of farmers fitness activities", "sports to the countryside", Sports in the Countryside" and "Sports in the Community" activities have become more and more in-depth, and "National Fitness Expo", "New Year's Day Climbing", "Spring Festival Run" and other activities have distinctive features. The "National Fitness Expo", "New Year's Day Ascension" and "Spring Festival Long-distance Running" activities are characterized by distinctive features, while the "National Sunshine Sports Campaign for Hundreds of Millions of Students" has been launched in a comprehensive manner and the "National Fitness Campaign for the Olympic Games" has gained popularity. Various types of mass sports competitions are in full swing; since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has held six Farmers' Games, eight Ethnic Minority Games, seven Disabled People's Games, nine Secondary School Games and eight University Games, and has founded and successfully held three National Sports Conferences with non-Olympic sports as the content. According to statistics, the number of people who regularly participate in physical exercise in China has now reached 28.2% of the total population.
Approved by the State Council, since 2009, August 8 every year for the national "National Fitness Day". The birth of the first national sports festival is of great significance to the promotion of the national fitness movement is widely and y carried out. Around this year's first "National Fitness Day", all over the country carried out a rich and colorful mass sports activities, greatly enriching the people's spiritual and cultural life.
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