The peacock flew southeast, and wandered for five miles.
"Thirteen can weave, fourteen learn to cut clothes. Fifteen can play Konghou, sixteen can recite poems and books. Seventeen for the king's wife, the heart is often bitter sadness, the king has been a government official, to keep the love of the festival is unchanging, the concubine stayed in the empty room, often see each other rare, the cock crows into the machine weaving, night and night do not have rest, three days break five pi, the adults are suspected of being late. It is not because the weaving is late, it is difficult for the woman in your family! I can't be driven, and I have nothing to do. I can return to you in time."
The government official heard of this and told his mother, "My son has already lost his fortune, but I am lucky to have this woman. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to get a good deal on this, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to get a good deal on this. *** thing two or three years, began to be not long. The woman's behavior is not skewed, why do not you want to be generous."
A mother said the government officials: "Why is too district! This woman has no manners, and her actions are her own. I'm not sure how you can get away with it! The East has a virtuous woman, named Qin Luoshi. She has a poor body, which my mother seeks for thee. I'm sorry, but I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to get rid of her."
The government official knelt down and said, "I'm sorry, but I can't wait to hear from you. If I send this woman away now, I will never take her back!"
Mother got to hear it, hammering the bed will be furious: "The boy is fearless, how dare you help women say! I have lost my honor, and I will not follow you!"
The government officials were silent, and they went back to the house. The first time I saw this, I was so upset that I couldn't speak," he said, "I don't want to drive you away, but I'm forcing you to do it. I'm not sure how much I'm going to be able to do, but I'm going to be able to do it," he said. Soon when the return, but also will meet to take. This is the next heart, do not disobey my words."
The new woman said the government official: "Do not repeat the confusion. In the past, at the beginning of the year, the Xie family came to your door. I'm not sure how much I'm going to be able to do this, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to do it," she said. I've been working hard all day and night, and I've been suffering from a lot of pain and suffering. I said that I was not guilty, but I was very kind in providing for my children; but I was still being driven away, so I could not say that I would come back again! My concubine has an embroidered waist jacket, which is full of light; a red robe and a bucket tent, with scented pouches hanging from the four corners; sixty or seventy curtains, with green and blue silk strings, and all kinds of things are different, and all kinds of things are in them. People's cheap things are also despicable, not enough to welcome the descendants, left for the legacy of charity, in the present day there will be no cause. It is a comfort to me at all times, and I won't forget it for a long time."
The rooster crows, and the bride rises in her makeup. She is wearing an embroidered dress, and she knows everything about everything. Her feet are on silk shoes, and her head is covered with tortoiseshell. Her waist is like a flow of dandy, and her ears are like moon dannos. Her fingers are like sharpened green onions and her mouth is like vermilion. They have a delicate step, and their skill is unparalleled in the world.
When I went up to the hall to pay my respects to my mother, she was more than angry. I had no lessons to learn, and I was ashamed to be a member of a noble family. I was not able to get the money from my mother, but I couldn't stand to be driven by her. Today, I am going home, remembering my mother's hard work." But I said goodbye to my sister-in-law, with tears falling down my cheeks. "When the bride first came, my sister-in-law helped me to the bed; today, I am being driven away, and my sister-in-law is like a long time ago. I will work hard to raise my grandma, and I will help each other. The first seven days of the year and the next nine days of the year, don't forget to play." I'm not going to be able to get out of the car, but I'm going to be able to get out of the car.
The government officials were in front of the car, and the bride was in the back. The first is the one that is not in the center of the world, and the second is the one that is not in the center of the world. Dismounted into the car, bowed his head **** whispered: "Swear not to be separated from the Secretary, and temporarily return home to go. I am now and go to the House, soon when to return. Swear that the sky will not be disappointed!"
The new woman said the government official: "Feeling Jun District Huai! I'm not sure how much I'm going to be able to do, but I'm going to be able to do it," she said. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it. I have my own father and brother, and they are very good at what they do. I have a father and a brother who are as violent as thunder, and I am afraid that they will not fulfill my wishes, and that they will fry my bosom." I am not sure if I can do this, but I am sure that I will be able to do it.
The first thing I did was to go to the house, and I didn't have a face to show. The mother of the child did not want the child to return to the house: "Thirteen taught you to weave, fourteen to tailor, fifteen to play konghou, sixteen to know the etiquette, seventeen to send you to the marriage, so that there is no violation of the oath. What is your offense now, not to welcome and return?" Lanzhi was ashamed of her mother: "I have no sin." The mother was greatly saddened and devastated.
Returning home for more than ten days, the county magistrate sent a matchmaker. The first time I saw him, he said, "I don't know what I'm talking about, but I'm not sure if I'm going to do it.
Mother said to her daughter: "You can go and answer it."
The woman replied with tears in her eyes, "When Lancel first returned, the government official saw Ding Ning and swore not to part. Today, against the love and justice, I am afraid that this matter is not strange. Since the letter can be cut off, Xu more said."
The mother said, "This is the first time I've seen this woman in my life, and I've never been able to return to my family. I'm not sure if I'm a good match for your husband," he said. I'm sure you'll be able to make inquiries, but I'm not sure I'll be able to make a match."
The matchmaker went away for a few days, and then sent the prime minister to return, saying that there was a woman from the Lan family, who was a eunuch by birth. The first is that the first time I saw a man in the world, I was in the middle of it, and he was in the middle of it. The first time I saw this was when I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley, and I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley. I'm not sure how much I'm going to be able to do, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to do what I need to do to make it work.
Mother thanked the matchmaker: "The woman has sworn an oath first, how dare the old woman say that!"
A brother heard of it, frustrated and annoyed. The first thing he said was, "I don't know what to do! The first thing I want to do is to get married to a government official, and then to the groom, who will be able to honor your body. If you don't marry a righteous man, what do you want to do?"
Lanzhi tilted her head and replied, "The truth is as my brother said. I'd like to thank my husband for his service, and I'd like to return to my brother's door in the middle of the road. The first thing I want to do is to make sure that I have a good understanding of what I'm doing and how I'm doing it! I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to get the job done, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to get the job done right. I'm sure you'll be able to get married if you agree to it."
The matchmaker got out of bed. The government of the country is not a good place to be, but a good place to be. The government has heard of this, the heart of the great joy. View the calendar to open the book, to facilitate this month, the hexagrams are corresponding. Good fortune 30 days, today is 27, the Secretary can go to the wedding. The language of communication is quick to dress up, and it is like a floating cloud. The green sparrow and the white swan boat, the four-cornered dragon's son streamer. The graceful winds turn, and the golden car is a wheel of jade. Tramping buckskin horses, tasseled gold saddles. A present of three million dollars, all threaded with green silk. There were 300 colorful horses and salmon treasures in the market. The four or five hundred men who accompanied him climbed up to the county gate.
Mother said to her daughter: "I got a letter from Mr. Fu, and I will come to meet you tomorrow. I'm not going to be able to get a good look at you," she said. I don't want to be a part of it."
The woman was silent, and her handkerchief covered her mouth as she cried, and her tears fell like water. The left hand holds a knife and ruler, and the right hand holds a damask. The dress is embroidered in the morning, and the shirt is made of a single piece of silk in the evening. The day is dark and all night long, and I cry out with sadness.
The government officials heard of this change, so they asked for leave to return temporarily. The first thing I did was to get to the top of the stairs, and I was able to get to the top of the stairs and get to the bottom of the stairs. The new wife recognized the sound of the horses and walked to meet them. The new woman knew the sound of the horse, and came to meet her. She lifted her hand and patted the saddle of her horse, and sighed with sorrow: "Since you left me, I have not been able to measure up to the people. It is not as good as I had hoped, and it is not as detailed as you had hoped. I have my own parents, persecution and brothers. I have my own parents, and I am forced to be a brother, but I have to answer to others.
The government official said to the new wife: "I congratulate you on your promotion! I'm going to the Yellow Springs alone."
The bride said to the official: "Why do you say that? The same is true for the concubine. I'll see you in the Yellow Springs, so don't go against today's words!" I'm not going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it, and I'm going to be able to do it. How can we say goodbye to the living and the dead? I'm sure I'll never see you again!
The government official returned home and went up to the hall to pay homage to his mother: "Today's wind is very cold, the cold wind destroys the trees, and the frost knots the garden orchids. The child today in the dark, your mother in the back single. Therefore, I made a bad plan, do not blame the ghosts and gods! My life is like a stone in the southern mountains, my body is healthy and straight!"
Mother heard this, and tears fell in response: "You are the son of a great family, serving in the palace. I'm not going to die for a woman, I'm not going to die for a woman, I'm not going to die for a woman!
There is a good girl in the East family who is very pretty and beautiful, and my mother is looking for her, and she will be back soon."
The government official bowed again and sighed in the empty room. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty.
The day of the oxen and horses, the new wife into the green hut. I'm not going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that, but I'm sure I'm going to be able to do it," he said! I'm going to take off my skirt and shoes, and I'm going to go to the pool.
The government officials heard about this and knew that they would be leaving for a long time. I'm not going to be able to do that, but I'm going to be able to do it," he said.
The two families asked to be buried together, and they were buried together in the vicinity of Mount Hua. The two of them will be buried together in the mountains of Huashan. The two of them are in the middle of the mountain, and the two of them are in the middle of the mountain. The two birds are named Mandarin Ducks. They tilted their heads up and chirped to each other, night after night until five o'clock. Pedestrians stop to listen to them, and widows begin to wander. Thank you, future generations, and be careful not to forget. Introduction Southeast Flight of the Peacock is the first long narrative poem in the history of Chinese literature. Shen Guiyu called it "the first long poem in ancient and modern times", so it is also known as the longest narrative poem in the ancient history of China, and one of the glorious poems in the folk literature of China's antiquity, and Southeast Flight of the Peacock is also known as the "Twin Pieces of Lefu" together with "The Rhetoric of Magnolia" in North and South Dynasties. Southeast Flight of the Peacock" and "Mulan Rhetoric" of the Northern and Southern Dynasties are known as the "Double Jewel of Music" and "Double Jewel of Narrative Poetry". Later, "Southeast Flight of the Peacock", "Mulan Poetry" and the Tang Dynasty Wei Zhuang's "Qin Women's Yin" and known as "the three best of the Lefu" is based on the East Han Dynasty, Emperor Xian years in the Lujiang County (Shu County, moved to Wan County at the end of the Han Dynasty, are in the territory of present-day Anhui Province) of a marriage tragedy. Southeast Flight of the Peacock was first written in the Southern Dynasty by Xu Ling (507-583) in the Jade Terrace New Rhymes, Volume 1, entitled Ancient Poems for Jiao Zhongqing's Wife. The original title of the poem was Jiao Zhongqing's Wife (焦仲卿妻), and it was included in the Lefu Poetry Collection (乐府诗集) as "Miscellaneous Songs and Diatribes". Nowadays, the first line of this poem is usually taken as the title. Southeast Flight of the Peacock" was originally a folk composition in the Jian'an period, and may have been modified by later generations in the course of long-term circulation. The two main characters in the story of "Southeast Flight of the Peacock" have won the admiration of literati and writers throughout the ages for their unswerving love, and the graves of the main characters are located in front of the grain station in Xiaoshi Town, Huaining County, Anhui Province, which has been restored by descendants and has now become a scenic spot free of charge for tourists to pay homage to. In order to shoot the related TV, "Southeast Peacock Flight Film and TV Base" was built in Xiaoshizhen, and this little-known town began to be famous overseas. Now the poem has been engraved on the stone wall window of the promenade of Jiao Zhongqing Liu Lanzhi's cemetery in Xiaoshi Town, Huaining County, Anhui Province, the "Southeast Flight of the Peacock Site". Its moving charm is mainly manifested in:
I. The plot has twists and turns, ups and downs. The author set up a sharp conflict at the beginning of the story: Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing, who were smart, capable and dexterous, were y attached to each other, but they were not allowed by their mother-in-law, who must drive them home. In the midst of this conflict, Jiao hopes to ease the tension and begs for help, but not only is the conflict not eased, he is scolded by his mother, and Jiao is forced to let Lanzhi go home for the time being. When they say goodbye, they promise not to forget each other. When Lanzhi returns home, her mother is shocked to see her daughter return uninvited, but after Lanzhi's explanation, she understands the situation. Soon, however, the magistrate and the governor propose marriage to her son, but Lanzhi is unmoved and rejects all of them. But her brother, in order to tie up with the rich and powerful, pushed her step by step, which further intensified the conflict, Lanzhi was forced to choose to allow the marriage, in fact, she had already made the intention to fight with death. When Zhongqing heard the news, he questioned Lanzhi, and Lanzhi told the truth, made a promise, and agreed to meet in the Yellow Springs. On the night of the wedding, Lanzhi threw herself into the river, and Zhongqing hanged himself under a tree after hearing the news. Second, the narrative alternates between two threads, meticulous and compact, using two threads to advance in an alternating manner. The first clue centers on the family conflicts between Liu Jiao's two families. Zhongqing's begging for his mother is the first conflict between Jiao's arbitrariness and Zhongqing's weakness; Lanzhi's resignation from her mother-in-law is the second conflict between Jiao's ruthlessness and Lanzhi's struggle; Lanzhi's refusal to get married is the third conflict between Lanzhi's fidelity and her brother's vanity; and Zhongqing's bidding farewell to his mother is the fourth conflict between Jiao's obstinacy and Zhongqing's keeping of his promise. These four conflicts are actually a struggle between persecution and counter-persecution, and they are interpreted more and more intensely until both of them are martyred. The second clue is centered on Lanzhi and Zhongqing's unswerving love. This thread is built on the basis of the conflicts mentioned above. The first one is the parting of Lanzhi with Zhongqing after Zhongqing's failed attempt to seek his mother, reflecting their strong and deep love; the second one is the parting of Lanzhi with Zhongqing after her resignation from her mother, expressing their sincere and firm feelings; the third one is the parting of Lanzhi with Zhongqing after her refusal to get married, portraying their love for each other in life and in death. These two clues, alternately developed, complete and compactly complete the storytelling and the fate of the characters. In addition, the structure echoes and mirrors. For example, the metaphor of a rock with reeds appears twice on different occasions, which deepens the reader's understanding of the steadfastness of the love of Mr. and Mrs. Liu Jiao. Another example is Lanzhi's concern about her brother's "violent behavior" and Jiao's mother's lure of "the beautiful girl from the East" when they were separated, which are also hidden and mirrored in the poem, showing the meticulousness of the structure. Third, the theme is deep and far-reaching, with a wide range of meaning. From the point of view of Lanzhi and Zhongqing, this is a tragedy of character. Lanzhi is not only beautiful and kind, but also soft on the outside and firm on the inside, so when she faces her dictatorial mother-in-law and her violent brother, she will never give in. Zhongqing is from a family of officials and eunuchs. He grew up in the midst of his mother's lustful authority and developed a weak and incompetent character, so when he faced his mother's coercion, it was decided that it was impossible for him to take the initiative to strive for marital bliss. From the perspective of Jiao's mother and Liu's brother, this is a social tragedy. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, which "dismissed all schools of thought and revered only the Confucians", the Confucian principle of filial piety served as a solid dam to defend feudal rites and maintain the authority of the feudal patriarchs. Therefore, Jiao's mother was able to treat her daughter-in-law with high-handedness, and Liu's brother was able to coerce Lanzhi with bullying tactics, which pushed them both to the grave of marriage. From this point of view, the feudal patriarchal system and feudal rites essentially acted as the executioner who killed them, and they not only destroyed the beautiful and happy marriage, but also killed the good and pure nature. From the perspective of Lanzhi and Zhongqing turning into birds after their deaths, the story has a mythological coloring, which puts forward the strong desire of the people to pursue the freedom of love and live a happy and beautiful life. Before the poem, there is a preface: "At the end of the Han Dynasty, in the middle of Jian'an, Liu's wife, who was a minor official of Lujiang Prefecture, was sent by Zhongqing's mother and swore that she would not marry. Her family forced her to do so, and she died without water. Qing heard, also hanged himself in the garden tree. The people of the time were hurt by this, and they wrote a poem about it." This is a sad song based on facts and shaped in chanting. On the surface, the deaths of the main characters Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing seem to have been the result of coercion by the fierce Jiao's mother and the snobbish Liu's brother. In fact, Jiao's mother and Liu's brother were also victims of feudalism. Because Jiao's mother and Liu's brother's intention was not to kill their own son or sister. This can be seen from the fact that after the deaths of Liu and Jiao, "the two families begged to be buried together," a move that they regretted. --Although this is their late recognition and blessing of Liu Lanzhi's and Jiao Zhongqing's life-and-death love. Their subjective starting point although self-interested intention, but also the maintenance of their loved ones lifelong happiness and their own interests unify the desire, Jiao mother Liu brother is to find a balance between their own and Jiao Zhongqing, Liu Lanzhi's interests of the green field and **** place. However, they did not succeed. Here, the profundity of the problem lies in the fact that Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing were, after all, killed directly through their hands. Jiao's mother and Liu's brother had at the same time become accomplices of feudal rites. This kind of social force, which is not shifted by the will of an individual, is the inevitable reflection of the sinful nature of the feudal system at that time.
The death of Liu Jiao was inevitable at that time. Because they were faced with only two possibilities: either to give in to Jiao's mother, Liu's brother, and break their vow of love; or to die in order to preserve their vow of love. Liu and Jiao could not rebel as they wished the third possibility. The third possibility is that Liu and Jiao could not have rebelled at will, because the social conditions in which they lived were not of their own choosing, but were established and inherited from the past. The deaths of Liu and Jiao were certainly due to external pressure, but they also had their own internal cause. This reason was that their own thinking could not get rid of the dominant feudal ideology at that time. In the Book of Rites - The Life of the World, it is written, "There are seven ways for a woman to go: to disobey her parents, to be childless, to be lewd, to be jealous, to have an evil disease, to talk too much, and to steal." The first one was used by Jiao's mother to persecute Liu Lanzhi. The Book of Rites also states, "If a son is very desirable to his wife and his parents are displeased, he will leave." It was the article of filial piety that Jiao's mother used to suppress Jiao Zhongqing. When Liu Lanzhi returned to her mother's house, she was also suppressed by the patriarchal system. Were Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing fundamentally opposed to these feudal dogmas? No. What Liu and Jiao repeatedly argued was that they did not violate these feudal norms. Their understanding could not but be limited by the times. Liu Lanzhi, Jiao's mother and brother Liu, on the other hand, thought that it was only by adhering to these feudal dogmas that they could truly safeguard their own happiness and that of their loved ones. Obviously, under the social conditions of the time, Mother Jiao and Brother Liu were the strong ones, while Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing were destined to be the weak ones to be devoured. They were not in the May Fourth period when the Confucius store was knocked down, but at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty when the Chinese landlord class still had a great future and the feudal system was on the rise. Liu Lanzhi's and Jiao Zhongqing's struggle was only an unconscious and hopeless conflict between their own reasonable human demands and the feudal rites that violated those demands. Therefore, their deaths were the product of the inevitable demands of history and the fact that these demands could not be realized. Their deaths are an indictment of the evil nature of feudalism. Ideological limitations do not divert or negate the objective role of the practical sense. Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing were worthy of being the early rebels of feudal rites, for they did not submit against all odds. Both death and submission were the destruction of feudalism for both of them. But these were two destructions of different natures. If they had succumbed, then although their bodies would still be alive, their souls, their ideal of love, would no longer exist. The death of Liu and Jiao, on the other hand, demonstrated their struggle to adhere to the ideal of love, which is in line with the inevitability of historical development, won the sympathy and respect of the people of later generations, and became a spiritual inspiration for future generations to smash the feudal yoke. Therefore, the deaths of Liu and Jiao have broken through the narrow scope of individual people and families and become of great typical significance, exposing extremely common social problems. The great ideological value of Southeast Flight of the Peacock lies in the fact that in the early days of the feudal society of China, the family tragedy in which Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing were martyred to death was used to expose the cannibalistic nature of feudal rites, and the rebellious spirit of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing in their faithfulness to love and their resistance to oppression was enthusiastically glorified, thus directly conveying the passionate yearning of the people for the freedom of love and marriage. It is the greatest artistic achievement of "Southeast Flight of the Peacock" that distinctive characters are shaped through personalized dialogues. The whole poem is "***1,785 words, the first long poem in the ancient world. It is the first long poem in the ancient and modern times. It is full of words, repeated over and over again, describing the words of dozens of people, and each of them has its own voice and face, which is not the pen of the chemical industry" (Source of Ancient Poetry, Volume 4, Shen Deqian's comment). In the dialogues throughout the piece, it can be seen that Liu Lanzhi has different attitudes and tones when she speaks to Zhongqing, to Jiao's mother, to her sister-in-law, to her own brother and to her mother, and it is precisely in this difference that she can be felt to be hard-working, kind-hearted, oppressed, and full of the spirit of resistance to the outer softness and inner firmness of her personality. Similarly, in Jiao Zhongqing's words on different occasions, we can also feel his honest and weak but developing character, which is loyal to love and knows right from wrong but is forced by his mother's coercion. In the poem, before Lanzhi and Zhongqing died, Lanzhi agreed to remarry under false pretenses, and Zhongqing went home to say goodbye to his mother after seeing Lanzhi; their words at this time are very appropriate to their respective identities and situations. Chen Joming's "Selected Ancient Poems of Cai Beans Hall" has made such a detailed analysis: "Lanzhi does not confess to her mother, but the official does so, because the woman's feelings for her mother are different from those of the son's. The woman who follows her husband is also afraid that she will be forced to leave her husband, and she is afraid that she will be forced to go home. The woman who follows her husband is also afraid of her mother's defense, and the mother has a brother who can die. The son and his wife, who is more important than the mother? And the son died mother how to rely on, can not white? The same dead, love. If they are not responsible for each other, the woman will have to pay for it with her death. If the mother repents and welcomes her daughter when they are together, then both of them will be able to live without death. However, the mother of the final refused to welcome women, death can not be, so the words of the mother of the white also have a different, the child is now in the dark four words clearly said, today's wind and cold life is like a mountain of stone, and not very clear, but also afraid of the mother to realize and prevent me also. The government officials white mother and mother does not defense, the woman's gone for a long time. I'm not sure why I'm dying today if I'm not going to die in the next day. However, this is not necessarily true. Therefore, I answered with the daughter of the East family, and used to comfort each other. However, the government officials white mother, do not say that the woman will be changed, do not say that the woman also want to die, cover the nature of the mother, will not be able to change to meet the woman, but to reveal the true feelings, it is to prevent me from dying so also." Imagine, if Lanzhi had said outright that she wanted to die, this weak woman would inevitably have been violently restrained and forced into marriage. And Zhongqing's situation is naturally different from Lanzhi's, true as analyzed in the above quotation. Another example is: "I have been harboring anger for a long time, how can you be free" and "The boy is fearless, how dare he help the woman to speak", where we can immediately see the brutality of Jiao's mother: "Why don't you measure what you plan to do? I married a government official first, and then I married my husband. If not, like heaven and earth, enough to honor your body. Not married to the body of a righteous man, what is his desire to go?" This shows how snobbish Brother Liu is. Even the brief dialogues of secondary characters such as the matchmaker and the government official are each in line with their identity and characteristics. In the poem, the concise delineation of the characters' actions contributes to the sharpness of the images; the refined lyrical interludes enhance the rhythm of the lines. "As the rooster crows for dawn, the bride rises in her makeup. I have embroidered my skirt, and I am four or five times through with everything." This describes Liu Lanzhi's ambivalence when she left Jiao's house. The fact that Liu Lanzhi is getting up at the crack of dawn indicates her determination not to live in the Jiao family, and her severe makeup is a protest and demonstration against Jiao's mother. The four or five passes in dressing up indicate her love for Jiao Zhongqing and her subtle psychology of wanting to go and not being able to go suddenly. "The relationship between aunt and sister-in-law is not easy to get along with, but Lanzhi's good relationship with her sister-in-law shows that she understands etiquette and is easy to get along with. This is in contrast to the intolerance of Jiao's mother. In addition, the fact that she did not shed tears when she resigned from Jiao's mother but shed tears when she resigned from her sister-in-law also shows Lanzhi's stubbornness. Jiao Zhongqing's image portrayal is also the same, he sent Lanzhi to the mouth of the Avenue, "dismounted into the car, bowed his head * * * whispering", showing a piece of true love. Heard that Lanzhi to be married, "not to two or three miles, destroy the hidden horse sadness", the poem with horse sadness rendering set off his heart strong pain. Before his death, he "sighed longingly in the empty room" and "turned his head toward the house", still caring for his mother, and here his sincerity and kindness are more and more evident. Throughout the poem, there are some other actions similar to those mentioned above, which are not much, but are extremely refined. When Lanzhi died, she did not care about anything, "she took off her skirt and silk shoes, and lifted herself up to go to the clear pool"; when Zhongqing died, she cared about her mother, "she wandered under the garden tree and hung herself from the southeast branch"; these different details of actions are all appropriate to their respective characters and situations. The same is true of mothers, but the shrewdness of Jiao's mother, who "pounded the bed in fury", and the gentleness of Liu's mother, who "patted her palm" in surprise when she saw Lanzhi coming home, are all very evocative of the characterization in just a few brushstrokes. Lyric interspersed with less action delineation, but also the success of the pen, "raise your hand, two love with yi yi", Lanzhi and Zhongqing first break up, the author could not help but sigh, adding to the tragic atmosphere. "The life and death of a goodbye, hate that can be discussed", this eye-catching interludes, more stirred up people's sympathy for Jiao, Liu encounter. Even the ending of the whole poem, with a strong lyrical meaning, full of the author's sympathy and expectations. These lyrical interludes, which were made without any traces, were the icing on the cake of the characterization and added to the emotional color of the poem.
Special attention should be paid to the fact that this poem's use of picaresque techniques and romantic coloring plays a very important role in the shaping of the image. The tendency of the author's feelings and thoughts are distinctly expressed through this artistic method. At the beginning of the poem, "The peacock flies southeast, wandering for five miles" is the technique of "Xing", which is used to arouse the feelings of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing for each other and set up the atmosphere of the whole poem. In the last paragraph, in the cemetery where Liu and Jiao are buried together, pine and pines and sycamore branches and leaves cover each other, and the mandarin ducks are singing day and night, all night long. This symbolizes both the immortality of Liu and Jiao and their eternal grief and accusation. From the realistic image of double burial to the image of pine and ducks symbolizing eternal love and happiness, showing the people's belief in the inevitable arrival of freedom and happiness in the future, this is the romantic development of the image of Liu Jiao, shining with an incomparably brilliant ideal light, so that the whole poem has made a qualitative leap forward.
"Southeast Flight of the Peacock" has a complete, compact and detailed structure. Its plot is organized in a way that takes two threads to advance alternately. One of the threads unfolds between Liu Lanzhi, Jiaofu Jiao's mother and Liu's brother. It is a struggle between persecution and anti-persecution. The passage in which Zhongqing begs his mother is the first conflict, portraying Jiao's arbitrariness and Zhongqing's weakness. Lanzhi's resignation from her mother is the second conflict, reflecting Jiao's ruthlessness and Lanzhi's struggle. Lanzhi's refusal to marry is the third conflict, which unfolds between Lanzhi and her brother, highlighting Lanzhi's chaste character and her brother's meanness. The paragraph of Zhongqing's farewell to his mother shows the stubbornness of his mother and Zhongqing's keeping of his promise. These four conflicts are more and more intense until both of them are martyred. Especially the protagonist, Lanzhi, whose resolute resistance influences and determines Zhongqing's attitude and struggle.
The emotional entanglement between Lanzhi and Zhongqing unfolds on the basis of the above conflicts. The first paragraph of Lanzhi's complaint shows her trust in Zhongqing and explains the background of the conflict. The words of farewell between Liu and Jiao after Zhongqing's failed plea for his mother reflect Zhongqing's reluctance and Lanzhi's warmth. In the second conflict, after Lanzhi's resignation from her mother-in-law, Zhongqing's farewell fully expresses the sincere feelings between the couple. In the third conflict, when Lanzhi refuses to get married, Zhongqing's dislike, Lanzhi's confession, and their parting, the love of life and death are portrayed in the best way. From this, we can see that the above two clues, both main and subordinate, are mutual cause and effect, alternating development, complete and compactly accomplished the narration of the story, the account of the fate of the characters. The poem's meticulous structure is also manifested in the echoing and contrasting. Selected Ancient Poems of Cai Peas Hall once pointed out: "All long poems must not be frequently echoed, or else they will be scattered. In the article, such as thirteen weaving vegetarian clouds, I am now going to the House of clouds, rock bushes and reeds and chickens in the cattle and horses hissing, before and after the two silent, are all echoing method. However, the use of all natural, the first no shape so good. It is the one who has been divinely transformed into the law." The metaphor of the rock of cattail, which appears twice in the poem on different occasions, indeed deepens the reader's understanding of the steadfastness of the love of Liu Jiao and his wife, and strengthens the feeling of integration when reading this work. In addition, Lanzhi's concern about her brother's "violent behavior" and Jiao's mother's seduction of the "beautiful girl from the east house" when she was bidding farewell to Zhongqing are also implicitly reflected in the poem, which demonstrates the structural finesse and the meticulousness of the poem's thinking.
The structural characteristics of "Southeast Flight of the Peacock" are due to the proper cutting of the text in terms of simplicity and complexity. The story of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing is so complicated that if it is not cut down and centralized, it will be scattered and unorganized. Shen Deqian, a poetry critic in the Qing Dynasty, commented in "The Source of Ancient Poetry": "Poetry is expensive to cut. If you start by describing the situation of the two families, and if you end by describing how the two families are mourning, won't it be redundant and dragging? Therefore, the poem is summarized in one or two sentences. This is a very long poem that has a cutting edge." The Selected Ancient Poems of Cai Peas Hall is even more in-depth: "When the two families heard of the death of the two men, they mourned in great haste and each felt remorse, so there must have been a lot of emotions. However, if they write again, they will drag on, so they directly said that they would like to be buried together, and the writing is so tight that they know that there is not a single idle word in the whole piece. This is not written before the two families, do not emphasize their family situation. After this is not to write the two families in a hurry, do not emphasize its haste. The most unnecessary words and can write God, said not idle; if not less, but not about the piece in the intention, said idle. In this way, we can realize the law of cutting." What is most likely to lead people astray in cutting is the so-called indispensable materials that are not related to the meaning of the text. In fact, some of the materials that seem to be essential on the surface are not necessarily the most important ones and the ones that require the most ink. Some of them only need a little explanation, such as the two families' situation in the poem, the family's mourning and regret after the death, etc. Here, the key is to grasp the meaning of the poem. Here, the key is to seize the "chapter in the meaning" of the poem material to select, organize, highlight the main clues, the main feelings.
The poem's treatment of the detailed parts is excellent. Zhongqing's failure to seek his mother, Liu Jiao's parting words, Lanzhi's resignation from her mother-in-law, and the welcome of the bride by the governor, are all colorful passages. These passages in the whole poem are directly related to the tragedy of Liu Jiao's love, and they play a very important role in shaping the characters' image, giving vent to their feelings, and revealing the meaning of the theme. What is even better is that such thick and heavy brushwork plays a role in enriching the colors in the natural, simple and smooth basic style of the whole poem, making the rhythm of the whole description sparse, fast and slow. Shen Deqian's comment is insightful: "If the long poem is narrated flatly, I am afraid that there is no color. In the middle to be dyed and decorated, colorful, so that the reader's mind and eyes are dazzled. For example, when the bride goes out, 'the concubine has an embroidered jacket', and when the governor chooses the day, 'the green sparrow and white swan boat' is also a paragraph."