Traditional repertoire "Li Er Sister-in-law Changes Her Marriage"
"Mending Heaven"
"Dragon and Phoenix Face"
"Borrowing Kisses"
Lv Opera Knowledge Panels
Questions and Cards
Blowing and Playing Songs and Cards
Instrumentation
Roles
Species of Acts
Vocal Cadence
Costumes
Important artists of the early years of the opera
Early Important ArtistsContemporary Lü Opera Celebrities Introduction to Lü Opera
The Origin of the Name
Categorization of Traditional Repertoire
Artistic Characteristics
History of Lü Opera
Published Works of Lü Opera
Character Line Sheng line
Dan line
Jing line
Clown line
Traditional repertoire
The Re-marriage of Li Er Sister-in-Law The Mending of Heaven The Dragon and Phoenix Face The Borrowing of Kisses Knowledge of Lv Opera
Panel Format Curve Blowing and Playing Songs Musical Instruments Row Vocal Accents Clothing Early Important Artists Contemporary Lv Opera Celebrities Expanded Tianjin Lv Opera The Re-marriage of Li Er Sister-in-Law
Edit Introduction to Lv Opera
[1] Lv Opera is one of the local opera genres of Shandong Province. It is one of the local opera styles in Shandong Province, and was once called "Yangqin in Disguise" and "Qin Opera". The main instruments are the lute, yangqin, sanxian and pipa, which are called the "four major pieces of Lv Opera". It evolved from the folk rap art "Shandong qinshu" (sitting Yangqin). It originated in the Yellow River Delta north of Shandong, and was popular in Shandong and parts of Jiangsu and Anhui. Initially, most of the Lv Opera troupes traveled to the countryside and villages, performing in the fields with little influence, and it was put on the stage around 1910, and was renamed Lv Opera by the Shandong Provincial Opera in the reform of the opera in 1953, and after the establishment of the Shandong Provincial Lv Opera Theatre in 1953, Lv Opera has become a kind of opera that has been widely performed in Shandong and has gained a good reputation all over the country. In mid-October 2007, the first Lv Opera Culture and Art Festival was successfully held in Dongying City, Shandong Province, the hometown of Lv Opera.
Editing the origin of the name
The origin of the name of Lv Opera, there are a lot of sayings, generally the following: First, around 1915, the original belongs to the Guangrao County Niuzhuang when the village (now has been assigned to the Dongying District), the old entertainer ShiDianYuan, but also with a papier-maché donkey, Dezhou City Lv Opera Troupe
dressing to sing the "WangXiao Catch the foot", by the masses of people, people then called it a donkey opera, because of this title, the donkey opera. It is known as the donkey opera, because the title is not elegant, by some literati of the nudging phonetic translation into the "Lv opera". In 1923, this kind of donkey opera came into Jinan Province, the main play was "Lv Dongbin playing medicine", the local people did not understand the origin of this kind of opera, only heard that it was called "donkey opera", and because the main play was "Lv" word at the beginning, the audience called it Lv opera. The main repertoire of Lu Opera began with the word "Lu", so the audience called it Lu Opera. Third, the Lv Opera "Lv" word, the original is twenty-five households for a coccyx "coccyx" word. It means neighborhood play, hometown play. Later, in the transfer, circulation, the "Lu" is simplified to "Lu". Fourth, in the past, most of the qin books are two or a family partner, the content of the song is mostly reflective of love between men and women. The two mouths for "Lv", and therefore called Lv opera. Fifth, Lv opera originally known as stroking theater. This is said to have two: one is due to the singing of the main accompaniment instrument is the drop piano, according to play the drop piano fingers are up and down strokes, so the name of the stroke play; and because of the twelve rhythms in the Chinese music of the yin law there are six, known as the "six Lv", and thus the "stroking play" renamed as "Lv Opera". Another legend is that, when the name for this kind of theater, some old artists said, this kind of opera singing along the vine, stroking the vine to the end, it is called stroking theater it. Stroke and Lu homophonic, so named Lu opera (Lu opera).
Editing the traditional repertoire classification
The scripts of Lv Opera can be roughly divided into two kinds: one is a small play, such as "Xiao Gu Xian", "Wang Dingbao Borrowing Pawns", "Small Borrowing Years" and so on, which is its basic play; the other is a serialized play, which is mostly based on the drums, novels and zither scripts, such as the "Book of the Golden Whip", the "Book of the Golden Bracelet and Jade Ring", and the "Five Daughters of the Xingtang", etc. The play has a strong and powerful flavor, with a strong and strong sense of humor. The small opera repertoire has a strong flavor of life, uses vivid crowd language, is good at showing different characters, and has a strong infectious force. The singing tunes of Lu Opera are simple, simple, beautiful, flexible, easy to learn and easy to sing, and the basic tunes are Siping, Erban, and sometimes other tunes are also used. The main accompanying instruments are the dulcimer, yangqin, erhu and sanxian. Lv Opera, the 2008 declaration of the world cultural heritage of the country's 25 troupes
Edit this section of the origin and evolution
[1] Lv Opera is the Chinese people *** and the country after the establishment of the name of the new type of theater, but its performing art form has experienced a long history of development. As early as the Beijing Lv Opera Troupe
In the mid-Qing Dynasty, a small song called "Xiaoquzi" appeared in the rural areas of southeastern Shandong Province. It was also known as "Yangqin" and "Yangqin" because of its main accompanying instrument, the yangqin (foreign zither). Historically, Yangqin was widely popular in the lower reaches of the ancient Yellow River in Henan, Jiangsu, the north of Anhui, the south of Hebei and individual cities and counties in the northeast. In Shandong, it was first popularized in southwestern Lu, and gradually extended to the north (Jinan and Huimin area) and east (Qingdao and Yantai), with a history of about two hundred years. In the process of development, it was influenced by the language and customs of different regions, and gradually formed into the three major genres of South Road, North Road and East Road qinshu. Each of them was called differently, such as the East Road qinshu artist Commercial Xing, who called himself the "Improved Yangqin"; Deng Jiuru, the founder of the North Road qinshu, called himself the "Civilized Yangqin". In 1933, when Deng Jiuru was broadcasting in Tianjin radio station, he named Shandong qinshu. In the early years of Guangxu, peasants in the northern part of Guangrao County (formerly known as Le'an), in order to escape from disasters, often carried with them musical instruments such as the falling qin and the section board, and went out to sell their skills to survive. At the beginning, they mainly sang small sections of qinshu, or made up some interesting stories in passing, and sang while playing. Later, they continued to absorb opera and folk tunes to enrich the content and form of their performances. For example, Zhang Lantian and Zhang Zhitian, two brothers from Dongzhai Village, went to Anhui Province to learn from their masters. The locally popular Fengyang songs had a great influence on the performing art of qinshu. In their long-term singing practice, the artists constantly pursued new art forms. Some artists who are good at singing have gradually formed their own singing characteristics in the process of long-term performance. For example, the artist Commercial Xing and his wife Guan Yunxia from Xishang Village of Guangrao County sang for a long time in the generation of Yantai and Qingdao, and gradually formed their own singing form and became the representative figures of the art of Dongluqinshu; and the artists who were good at character performances were committed to creating new forms of expression to attract the audience.In the winter of 1900 (the 26th year of the Guangxu era), the Tongle Ban, headed by the artist Shidanyuan, attempted to change the performance of "Wang Xiao Catch the Foot" into a make-up performance, using bamboo, paper, and paper to perform the performance. Changed to make-up performance, with bamboo, paper, cloth tied into the shape of a donkey, to be painted, an actor tied to the colorful donkey, do riding a donkey; an actor whip to drive the donkey; another artist manipulation of the drop qin, yangqin, bamboo and other musical instruments accompaniment, the actors in the sound of the music, singing and dancing. This form of performance is unique and lively, and the first performance was a success. Because of the first time "Wang Xiao Catching Feet" used donkey-shaped props, the public also called this kind of play "donkey play". Since then, Shidian Yuan has changed some qinshu pieces into make-up performances, and the performances have been well received by the public. During the year-round mobile performances, make-up yangqin artists often performed in the same market towns as Beijing Opera, Wuyin Opera, Hebei Opera and other types of theater, and there were even cases of "Two Heshui" and "Three Heshui" (performances of two or three different types of theater on the same stage). This kind of performance mode played an important role in promoting the integration and innovation of make-up yangqin in repertoire, performance, singing, stage dressing, music and other aspects with other kinds of plays, which gradually developed it from a simple make-up performance to a more complete form of opera. The repertoire of the performance also expanded from "pair play" and "three small plays" to the original play and the original play of the stage; the place of the performance also changed from a bench to a tea garden and a theater. 1917 (the sixth year of the Republic of China), the Cheban, which was composed of Zhang Fenghui and other people from Guangrao County, was the first one to perform in Jinan City. first entered Jinan City to perform. Since then, many theater classes have also entered Jinan City to perform. Some of them also performed in Yantai, Qingdao and even Dalian, Changchun and Harbin in the northeast, further expanding the influence of the opera. The more influential classes at that time were the Huang Family Class, the Father and Son Class, the Tongle Class, the Qinghe Class, and the **** and Class. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the play fell into difficulties. The original troupes performing in Jinan City also suffered from deteriorating performances, which led to the shrinking of the classes, making it difficult for the artists to make ends meet. Most of the artists returned to their hometowns, while the remaining ones formed a "Yihe Ban" to maintain their performances and make ends meet. After the victory in the war, the performance situation did not improve, but became more and more depressed. The "Yihe Class" was disbanded at the end of 1946, and the artists were forced to change their profession and find another way out. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, make-up yangqin plays gained a new life. Since 1950, the Local Opera Research Office of the Shandong Provincial Literature Federation organized the excavation, collation, experimentation and promotion of local opera art in the province, and took the make-up yangqin as the focus of reform, choosing "Xiao Gu Xian" as the experimental repertoire. Thereafter, the artists learned from Shandong Opera and performed "Blue Bridge Meeting". On the basis of learning from the traditional repertoire, the novel "Li Er Sister-in-law Remarried" with a modern theme was adapted and performed. During this period, the Jinan Makeup Yangqin Troupe, which was reorganized by the Yihe Ban, also staged plays such as "Zhang Danyou Was Deceived" and "Wang Xiuluan," which opened the door to the modern plays of Lv Opera. The staging of these adapted plays made the influence of make-up yangqin expanding, and a number of famous actors such as Lang Xianfen, Lin Jianhua, Wang Junying, etc. After the establishment of Shandong Lv Opera Troupe in 1953, the troupe continued to carry out repertoire reforms and innovations, and successively organized and processed traditional plays such as Sisters Getting Married, and arranged and performed modern plays such as Bright Paths, etc. In 1954, in the East China Drama Viewing and Observation Conference, "Li Er Sister-in-law Getting Married," was presented at the Drama Viewing and Observation Conference, and "Li Er Sister-in-law Getting Married," was presented at the Conference. In 1954, at the East China Drama Viewing and Mocking Show, "Li Er Sister-in-law Changes Her Marriage", "Bright Path", "Wang Dingbao Borrows a Pawn", and "Xiao Guxian" won prizes respectively. In 1957, "Li Er Sister-in-law Changes Her Marriage" and "Borrowing Years" were made into black-and-white films by Changchun Film Studio; "Two Ridges of Land" was made into a black-and-white film by Shanghai Haiyan Film Studio in 1965. "During the Cultural Revolution, Lv Opera was banned and revived after 1976. Half the Sky" was made into a color film by Changchun Film Studio in 1976; "The Story of Forced Marriage" was made into a color film by Changchun Film Studio in 1979; "Zhang Wang Li Zhao" won the National Script Award in 1982. In 1979, Guangrao County Lv Opera Troupe and Kenli County Lv Opera Troupe started to stage traditional plays; in 1982, Guangrao County Lv Opera Troupe arranged a new play "Family Happiness" to match with the publicity of family planning and toured in and out of the county; in 1987, Lijin County Peking Opera Troupe was renamed as Lijin County Lv Opera Troupe; in 1984, Dongying Municipal Bureau of Culture organized some literary and art workers to carry out the research of Lv Opera, visited the old artists in the rural areas and collected historical materials; in 1985, the Cultural Bureau of Dongying City organized some literary and art workers to study Lv Opera. In the winter of 1985, a symposium on the history of Lv Opera was held, inviting more than 20 Lv Opera veterans to participate, and in the spring of 1986, 14 veteran performers were invited to perform a simulation video. On this basis, the manuscript of "Dongying Lv Opera Music Integration" was compiled in 1987, and the manuscript of "Dongying Historical Materials on the Origin and Development of Lv Opera" was compiled at the end of 1988. These two manuscripts are important achievements in the research of Lv Opera. In the process of compilation, it was warmly guided and helped by the relevant leaders of the Department of Culture of Shandong Province, and many experts and famous actors and actresses (such as Li Yu and Lang Xianfen) of Shandong Province. 1991, March 5-8, the "Dongying First Lüju Opera Repertory Show" was held, in which there were 8 teams and 240 participants from all over the city, and the show was divided into two groups of professionals and amateurs. In 1994, based on Guangrao County Lv Opera Troupe, Dongying Lv Opera Troupe was established. By the end of 1995, the city has 15 Lv Opera actors and actresses have been awarded the title of provincial outstanding actors [2].