The teaching of the text "Song of the Torch Festival" should make students realize that the Torch Festival is not an ordinary festival, it is a symbol of the hard-working, courageous and indomitable spirit of the Yi people. The following is the original text of Wang Chonglu's Song of the Torch Festival + Appreciation that I have compiled, and I hope it will be helpful to you.
Song of the Torch Festival
Wang Chonglu
This is a nation of fire, and its history is a long river of fire.
The grandest annual festival, the Torch Festival, is actually an ancient fire festival of the Yi family.
In the minds of the Liangshan Yi people, fire is a holy thing, which can purify everything. Annual festival offerings should be one by one on the fire to turn three times, or a stone burned, quenched by the steam out of the water, and then the offerings in the above around three times in order to get rid of all the dirt. They regarded the fire as a god, as pot, the fire for the god of the place, strictly prohibited people and animals to trample and cross. Hunters, shepherds commonly used fire-starting rope, at home to hang on the wall above the house, after using only hand pressure extinguished and not allowed to use saliva to drown out. Fire is the center, where there is a fire, where there will be surrounded by a circle of people, the fire has become the axis of cohesion of people.
The civilization of the first generation of mankind was illuminated by fire. Many peoples in the world have customs about fire worship, fire taboos. However, like China's Yi people, the worship of fire sacralized, and fixed in the form of festivals, with the combination of wishing for a good harvest, is rare.
On the Torch Festival, the local legend: a long time ago, a summer, the drought is very serious, the crops grow thin and weak. However, the God of Heaven still sent his servants down to the world to collect rents and debts. People begged for mercy, but still no grain was left, and they were all taken away. This enraged the heroes and determined to get rid of this evil man. As a result, on the 24th day of the 6th month, he was killed in a wrestling match. While the people were celebrating their victory, the god of heaven released the sky worms, which devoured all the crops in a flash. Howe star saw the heartache as burning, emergency wisdom, mobilizing men, women and children to pick up artemisia sticks tied into torches, burning up the mountains, after nine days and nine nights of fierce battle, finally eliminated the days of insects, to save the crops to be harvested. Later, people in order to honor the hero, but also in order to pray for a good harvest, year after year are lit torches, over time, the formation of the torch festival.
When we came to Liangshan, we happened to catch the Yi torch festival on the 24th day of the 6th lunar month. After breakfast, we took the car to Puge County five turnip township drag wood ditch in a very open lawn, surrounded by a natural bulge, shaped like a grandstand, up and down has been filled with people, said to amount to more than thirty thousand. There is a proverb in Yi family: New Year is the festival of the mouth, and Torch Festival is the festival of the eyes. It means that New Year's Day is about eating and drinking well, while the Torch Festival is about dressing up and having fun. As far as the eye can see, all the girls' colorful dresses, flower headgear, embroidered shoulders and young men's white ponchos, blue ponchos, flower belts, as if a huge colorful wreaths over the green and blue field.
The first to perform is the Yi daughters, they play butter umbrellas, holding each other's triangular colored scarves, into a circle and a circle, sang a beautiful and touching "Dole Ho". Beautiful singing, dancing lightly, weaving a charm of the daughter of the river, as if a sunflower slowly rolling in the blue sky. The most fully demonstrate the beauty of this gesture, is a thousand years of history of the beauty contest. Beauty pageant, not only look at the girls' body appearance, dress, but also to see their grooming, but also look at the usual moral behavior, including treatment of parents and elders performance. The judges are all highly respected old people in the cottage, they are all day in the festival crowd searching, selection, repeated comparison, consultation, judgment is quite authoritative, no one will doubt, accusation. Each torch festival each site only three, once judged, will become the target of the girls, the idol in the hearts of young people. Which family out of the beauty, which family of tile board room around, the evening will be the sound of the mouth string constantly, early in the morning on the back of the water on the road footprints of the most.
In the past, I always thought, in a relatively closed state of the nation, may not pursue the intensity of the stimulation, intense change and a certain degree of tension. However, after coming to Liangshan, but found that the spiritual life here, more adapted to that kind of intense, passionate modern lifestyle. This can be seen from the fact that the spectators on the field are so devoted to wrestling, horse racing, bullfighting and goat fighting, and are so excited and fully concentrated. It shows that the majority of the Yi region than the pursuit of peace and quiet, comfortable, mainly agricultural civilization of the Han region, more dynamic, more open, "the light of life" launched more fully. This may be due to the fact that the Yi region has a long history of high mobility in production and life, difficult access to means of subsistence, and harsh natural conditions, which contributes to its vigorous vitality, and the nervous system has always maintained a high level of activation and excitement.
The sky darkened, people in the square in front of the street, lit up the dried artemisia tied into the torch, lined up into a long queue, loudly singing the torch festival song, towards the field, towards the hillock. So, the mountains are ringing: "Doleho, Doleho, burn pigs, sheep, cows and horses plague, burn the crop-eating pests, burn the ghosts that do not wear warm, burn the devil that do not have enough to eat. Doleho, Doleho!"
As the torch festival is in the middle of summer, the seedlings in the field are in the flourishing growth period, and it is also the peak period for the reproduction of various insects that harm the crops. When the torch is lit in the four fields, those pests will quickly save gather tend light, and buried in the sea of fire. So torches do have the effect of eliminating pests to protect seedlings. Time has come to the late night, climbed high and looked around, but see the mountains, everywhere there are golden dragons flying, undulating swimming, volatile galloping, people seem to be in the world of fire. The city is also at the same time to cast flowers, the light sent to the sky, so that the long dark sky is also colorful. An ancient poem says: "The clouds are covered with the red sun and the mountains are covered with the red sun, and the torches are competing with each other. Ten thousand lotus flowers bloom in the sea market, and one day the stars come down to earth." It can be said to be a true and accurate portrayal.
The mountains are burning, the water is burning, the sky is burning. With this corresponding, people's emotions are also burning, exciting, indulgent, immersed in extreme excitement. In the face of the sea of fire, I can not help but hands dance, feet, reciting Guo Moruo's "Phoenix Nirvana" in the poem: "We are vivid, we are free, we are majestic, we are long. The one of everything, long-lasting. The one of everything, long ...... The fire is you. Fire is me. Fire is him. Fire is fire. Soar! Soar! Sing! Sing!"
The Torch Festival has always reflected a spirit of revelry, but more importantly, it has reflected a spiritual need of modern people. From the broader collective psychology, people are willing to take advantage of this festival, to create a large-scale, they also participate in the atmosphere of fun, so that the body and mind to relax, exhilaration, and a departure from the usual kind of rules and regulations, the order of life, but at the same time, not to be perceived by others as outrageous, swinging check over the leisure. "Folk Customs". The work is situational and vividly demonstrates the pomp and circumstance of the Torch Festival, a major festival of the Yi people, leaving a deep impression on our readers. The artistic features of the article are distinctive and are mainly reflected in three aspects:
Firstly, by depicting the pomp and circumstance of the Torch Festival to show the folk customs, the author utilizes rhetorical techniques such as simile, anthropomorphism, and hyperbole to stimulate the readers' interest. Secondly, through the scene, through the torch festival in the middle of summer, rice seedlings in the farmland is in the vigorous growth period, at this time, the scene of lighting torches, unusually magnificent, "everywhere there are golden dragons flying, undulating swimming, volatile galloping, people seem to be in the world of fire. The city also simultaneously cast a salute, the light sent to the sky, so that the long dark sky is also colorful". Such a way of writing, the best of the spread of Yang Li can do, read as if they were in the scene. Third, the deep sense of realization. The end of the article reads: "The torch festival has always embodied a carnival spirit, but more importantly, it reflects the spiritual needs of modern people. From the broader collective psychology, people are willing to take advantage of this festival, contrary to the usual kind of rules and regulations, the order of life, to create a grand scale of their own participation in the atmosphere of joy, so that the body and mind to relax, exuberance, to achieve spiritual sublimation." The meaning is timeless and evocative.
Then, how to better let the students feel the works expressed in the interest of life, folk customs and language beauty, so that they get artistic infection and inculcation? I determined the teaching concept of "Song of the Torch Festival": teaching in prose, reciting in poetry, and savoring in paintings, so that students can read the words and feel the images. Specifically, to guide the students from the following aspects to start, to read and feel:
First, with the help of the media, attracted into the "painting".
I seize the lyrical prose features, with the aid of multimedia teaching, to vivid image of the picture, the unique sound quality, dynamic visual effects, so that the students were in the scene, feel the beauty of the old Yi torch festival carnival. Let the students see the torch festival on the Yi young men and women dressed in the beauty of; see the torch festival on the whole process of beauty pageant, see the most beautiful Yi girls, see the torch festival on the pomp and circumstance ...... thus stimulating them to the national flavor of the yearning.
Second, the clever use of personification, expand the narrative.
The author of the first person "I" to narrate, that is, in the text of the author's narrative is to see with their own eyes, personally experienced the facts, that is, "I" seen, heard, made, felt. The choice of this narrative angle facilitates the author to express his emotions directly and fully, giving the readers an immersive and empathetic feeling, and giving the readers a sense of reality and affinity.
Third, to show the "people in the picture", and strive to "scenery and feelings".
Mao Dun said: "People are the greatest scenery." In the article, the activities of the Yi people in the torch festival, more to help students understand, stimulate students' imagination and aesthetic interest.
1. What are the characteristics of the people's dress for the `Yi Torch Festival on the 24th day of the 6th lunar month?
2. What kind of deep impression did the performance of "Doleho" by the daughters of the Yi ethnic group leave on you?
3. How does the Yi beauty pageant unfold and what are the conditions?
4. As the key programs of the Torch Festival: wrestling, horse racing, bullfighting, sheep fighting, what kind of spirit of the Yi people?
This series of questions, from the flat, three-dimensional, colorful, dynamic images, to the "mood - triggered - association - - perception", constitute a series of questions. Through repeated readings, students will be able to comprehend.
Fourth, analyze the language of this article, simple and elegant.
The work exudes a kind of ancient flavor, the author often puts the classical poetry in the words and phrases, with modern language grammar rules expressed, so that they are integrated into the line, without revealing the overall discourse of his prose into his own expression of the language factors, but does not appear to be the only one. For example, in the article, "I can't help but dance with my hands and feet", it is used in the "Preface to Poetry": "The emotion is moved in the middle of the words. Words are not enough, so the contempt. Contemplation is not enough, so the eternal song. Insufficient to sing forever, I do not know the hands of the dance, the feet of the dance," the language, to express their own unspeakable joy. In addition, the direct quotation of Chinese and foreign poetic fragments is also a characteristic of the language of the work. Writers often in the prose creation, casually a sentence or a Chinese and foreign poetic fragments, into the line, but does not show the least bit of isolation, because it does not show into his prose into the overall discourse, into their own expression of the language factors. For example, the work uses the ancient poem: "The clouds are covered with the red sun, the mountains are covered with the red sun, and the torches are competing with each other. Ten thousand lotus flowers bloom in the sea market, and one day the stars fall on earth." Another example is the author's borrowing of a line from Guo Moruo's Phoenix Nirvana: "We are vivid, we are free, we are majestic, we are long-lasting. The one of everything, long-lasting. The one of everything, long-lasting ...... The fire is you. Fire is me. Fire is him. Fire is fire. Soar! Soar! Sing! Sing!" This culminates in the spirit of revelry embodied in the Torch Festival.
Of course, this article introduces the torch festival not only introduces the important role of fire in the history of the development of the Yi people, the position of fire in the minds of the Yi people, the introduction of the torch festival, and in the fifth natural paragraph, also cleverly inserted the legend about the torch festival, not only explains why the fire has such an important role in the minds of the Yi people, but also highlights the theme of the article, to enhance the article's cultural heritage. This is very much in line with the characteristics of the prose, "the form is scattered, but the God is not".
Author's Introduction
Wang Chonglu, pen name: Wang Cong, male, born on February 5, 1935 in Panjin, Liaoning Province. He is a member of the fifth and sixth presidiums of the Chinese Writers' Association, an honorary member of the seventh, chairman of the Provincial Writers' Association, honorary chairman, and a part-time professor of Chinese at Nankai University and Liaoning University. He has worked as a middle school teacher and a journalist, and later worked in provincial and municipal leading organizations. Long insisted on amateur creation, had Wang rush, Lin Mu, Liu Yin, Ren Zhichu and other pen names, in the literary journals and newspaper supplements published a large number of various types of prose and some of the old poems, was absorbed as a member of the Chinese Writers' Association in 1983. He has served as deputy secretary of the municipal party committee of Yingkou, China, chairman of the Literature Federation of Yingkou, propaganda minister of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee, and deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Liaoning Provincial People's Congress.