Brief introduction of red scarf teaching method

The teaching method of red scarf refers to the teaching method used by Pushkin, a Soviet education expert, in the middle school attached to Beijing Normal University in the early days of liberation. Chinese in primary and secondary schools in the former Soviet Union is divided into Russian and literature. Pushkin's "red scarf" teaching method is essentially a common teaching method in Soviet literature class. Later, she introduced the program "Teaching Literary Works" by Shepieva. It has eight links, namely, inspiring homework, reading the text, talking after reading, reading and analyzing paragraph by paragraph, writing the general idea of the paragraph, reviewing reading, repeating and creatively telling, and ending the conversation. This mode, which is usually called "speaking and reading", quickly swept the country, but there is a tendency of mechanical imitation, formulation and formalism in the author's background, paragraph general idea, central idea and writing characteristics.

At that time, the Syllabus of Soviet Middle School Literature stipulated that the analysis of a literary work must have strict "five steps", such as introducing the background, reading, analysis, ending and comments of the writer and the work. It particularly emphasizes that the so-called "analysis" is to clarify the ideological content of the work through the analysis of the artistic image of the work. "Analysis is an important means for students to gradually understand the works." Therefore, it also constitutes the core content of lectures and reading classes. These provisions were basically copied in the experiment of 1956 middle school, forming a popular modern Chinese teaching model in Chinese teaching in primary and secondary schools in China.

It basically belongs to the variant of Kay model. As far as the teaching mode theory is concerned, it basically belongs to the systematic learning mode based on cognitive theory, and the routine procedure is: perception-understanding-consolidation-application. Its basic elements are: ① solving the problem, introducing the author and the background of the times; (2) Read the text (or model essay reading) for the first time and explain the new words; (3) analyzing the text, that is, the teacher's cross talk, generally analyzing the structure, paragraph level and general idea, is the highlight of teaching and general attendance and evaluation; ④ Summarize the central idea; ⑤ Summarize the writing characteristics; ⑥ Classroom exercises or homework.