1. Stimulate students' interest in reading and appreciating poetry and try to use it? Singing poetry? A new way to recite poems.
2. Guide students to master the methods of appreciating poetry and learn to collect relevant materials of poetry.
3. Critically study poets? Introduce yourself implicitly and euphemistically? The spirit of students? Show yourself bravely and show your talents bravely? Education.
Teaching focus
1, to stimulate students' interest in reading and appreciating poetry, and to guide students to master the methods of appreciating poetry;
2. for students? Show yourself bravely and show your talents bravely? Education.
Teaching difficulties
Stimulate students' interest in reading and appreciating poetry, and guide students to master the methods of appreciating poetry.
Teaching time
2 class hours
first kind
Learn to "accompany uncle and assistant to visit Dongting after drunkenness"
First, the introduction of new courses.
Facing the beautiful scenery of Dongting Lake, climb the Yueyang Tower of Du Fu in Tang Dynasty? Crying because of the porch? And Song Fan Zhongyan expressed it? Worry about the world first, and enjoy it later? Today, let's look at the ideal of life. In the eyes of three literati, Li Bai in Tang Dynasty, Meng Haoran in Ming Dynasty and Yuan Zhongdao, what feelings will Dongting Lake arouse?
Students can introduce the first two literati Li Bai first, and then the teacher will make a concluding supplementary explanation. )
This paper briefly introduces the writing background of Li Bai's Three Drunk Poems with Uncle Zuo.
? The foot of my bed is shining so brightly. Is there frost already? I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. ? I believe you are familiar with this poem. This is the famous poet Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night. Today, we are going to learn a poem by Li Bai, which is related to the landscape of Dongting, Three Drunk Poems with Uncle (Part Two).
This poem was written in the autumn of Gan Yuan's second year (759). This spring, Li Bai went to Wushan on his way to exile Yelang. Fortunately, he was released by Amnesty. Narrow escape, overjoyed, right away? Say goodbye to Baidi Caiyun and return to Jiangling one day? , hurried back to Jiangxia. After Li Bai regained his freedom, why could he not wait to return to Jiangxia? ("Jiangxia gives Wei Nanling Ice"), it turns out that he has a fantasy about the court again, hoping that the court can still use him. However, he lived in Jiangxia for a period of time, with no results and disillusionment, so he had to leave Jiangxia and travel in central Hunan. When I met my uncle Ye Li in Yuezhou, I was banished to Lingnan by assistant minister of punishments. The mood of their trip to Dongting can be imagined.
Second, study the text.
(1) Read the text and feel it.
1. Students are free to read aloud, and teachers should pay attention to pronunciation.
Pronunciation: um (ch?n)
2. Students read aloud in groups and pay attention to the reading rhythm.
(2) Poetry:
It is best to shovel the army mountain and let the Xiang water flow freely. Baling, the mighty river, seems to have turned into wine, drinking the whole Dongting Lake area to death. Look at the red leaves all over the mountain, isn't it the face of Dongting Lake after getting drunk in autumn?
(C) in-depth understanding
1. Call the roll and ask the students to read the poem aloud.
2. Students think and discuss:
(1) poet? But what about junshan? What is the purpose and motivation? The first sentence? Okay？ How to understand?
Tip:
On the surface, the purpose of leveling Junshan Mountain is to let the Xiangjiang River flow freely. In fact, it is to eradicate the injustice in the world and let yourself have a smooth life path.
? Okay？ In other words, it would be great if we could make virtual assumptions.
The whole sentence: if you can put junshan? But? That would be great.
(2) the last sentence, Drunk and murdered? What did you do? Why use such a word?
Tip:
Literally, it means that Dongting was drunk in autumn and was killed by wine. In fact, it was the poet who killed himself and the autumn scenery in Dongting.
The use of such words expresses the author's peculiar imagination. He made Dongting drunk and expressed the poet in his poems? Drunk and crazy? Situation, at this time he can't tell whether Dongting is drunk or drunk.
3. The teacher analysis of ancient poetry:
When I met my uncle Ye Li in Yuezhou, I was banished to Lingnan by assistant minister of punishments. The mood of their trip to Dongting can be imagined. Li Bai is brilliant and has always had great ambitions, but dark political affairs have frustrated him all his life, so he has already made a decision? The road is as wide as the blue sky, but there is no way out before my eyes? Alas, now in my old age, after a narrow escape, I am disillusioned and have no way to go. Decades of grievances have come to mind together.
So, when they were boating in the blue waves and drinking to their heart's content, they looked up and stood on Junshan Mountain on Dongting Lake, blocking Hunan water from rushing to the Yangtze River and the sea, as if the bumps and obstacles on his life path had ruined his great future. So, released? But Junshan is good, paving the way for Hunan water? A whim. He wants to shovel to Junshan, ostensibly to let the mighty Xiang water flow forward unimpeded, but in fact to express his anger. How he wishes to eradicate the injustice in the world and let himself and all talented people have a smooth road to go!
However, this is a romantic fantasy after all. Junshan is uneven, and the road in the world is still rugged. ? Why is Du Kang the only solution? , or enjoy drinking! The poet was drunk. Looking at the blue waves of Dongting Lake from his drunken eyes, it seems that the water in Dongting Lake has turned into wine, but isn't the red leaf on Junshan the blushing drunk face of Dongting Lake? Then I had a romantic fantasy: Baling didn't drink enough wine and got drunk together in the autumn of Dongting Lake. ? These two poems are not only a wonderful portrayal of natural scenery, but also a tortuous expression of the poet's thoughts and feelings, showing that he also hopes to get drunk with endless wine like Dongting Lake in autumn to wash away the accumulated melancholy in his heart. Literally, it means that Dongting was drunk in autumn and was killed by wine. In fact, it was the poet who killed himself and the autumn scenery in Dongting. In this autumn. The surge of water is the surge of wine; The surge of wine is the surge of love. The wine in Dongting and the drunkenness in autumn are the drunkenness of poets. Autumn is drunk and killed, but it is really written; It is a forgery to kill autumn scenery for drunkenness.
Third, recite.
blackboard-writing design
Three Poems of Assistant Minister Uncle Li Bai Accompanied by Drunkenness (Part Two)
But that's Pingwa, drunk killing (fictional) imagination.
Second lesson
Learn a letter from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang.
First, solve the problem.
Is this a song? Fuck? Poetry, the so-called dry? Poetry, that is, poems presented to dignitaries for recommendation. The poet euphemistically expressed his desire to be an official to Zhang Jiuling, hoping to be quoted by the other party. ? Cloudy and foggy, hanging over Yueyang City? It's a famous sentence describing Dongting Lake.
Second, about the author.
Meng Haoran (689-740), a native of Xiangyang, was one of the representatives of the pastoral school in Tang Dynasty, also known as Wang Wei, who lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In his early years, he studied hard at home. At the age of 40, he went to Chang 'an, eager to be an official. However, his trip to Chang 'an failed to get an official position. In addition to winning a reputation in poetry, he returned to his hometown in frustration and wandered in wuyue. In the 25th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (737), Zhang Jiuling was exiled by Li, and was demoted as the secretariat of Jingzhou by the right prime minister. This poem was written by Meng Haoran to Zhang Jiuling when he was a Zhang Jiuling in Jingzhou.
Third, read aloud.
Students understand the meaning of each poem with reference to the notes.
Dongting Lake in August is flush with the shore, and the water and sky are the same color, which is connected with the sky.
Yunmeng Erze's water vapor transpiration is in vain, and the stormy waves seem to shake Yueyang City.
I want to cross the river, but I can't find a boat or paddle. It's really shameful to idle around in an enlightened age.
Sitting by the river watching others fish hard, you can only envy others for their success in fishing.
Describe the Dongting Lake scenery in Meng Haoran's works in his own words.
Autumn water is rising. In August, Dongting Lake is full, almost flush with the shore. Looking from a distance, water and sky are one color, and Dongting Lake is connected with the sky.
Water vapor transpiration, like smoke and fog, is like a swamp on the river bank, nourished by the lake, so it looks so lush. The lake is surging like a raging river, and Yueyang City, which is as strong as a mountain, seems to be curled up uneasily at its feet, which is extremely small. )
Verb (abbreviation of verb) poetry appreciation
This is a dry poem. In the 21st year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (733), Meng Haoran traveled to Chang 'an and wrote this poem as a gift to Zhang Jiuling at that time. Its purpose is to gain Zhang's appreciation and appointment, but only to maintain his own identity. He writes so tactfully and tries his best to eliminate the traces of dryness.
Autumn water is rising, and Dongting Lake is full in August, almost flush with the shore. Looking from a distance, water and sky are one color, and Dongting Lake is connected with the sky. In the first two sentences, Dongting Lake is very cheerful and muddy. Wang Yang is vast, connected with the sky, with lush flowers and trees, which can accommodate large and small rivers.
Three or four sentences about the lake. ? Steam? The rich accumulation of lakes, like vast swamps, is nourished by lakes, which makes it so lush. And then what? Wave shake? Where are these two words? Yueyang city? In fact, it is also extremely powerful to set off the turbulent turmoil on the lake. In people's eyes, this lakeside city seems to crouch uneasily under its feet and become extremely small. These two sentences are called famous sentences describing Dongting Lake. But there are still differences between the two sentences: the first sentence uses a broad plane to set off the vastness of the lake, and the second sentence uses a narrow three-dimensional to reflect the momentum of the lake. Dongting Lake described by the poet is not only vast, but also full of vitality.
The following four sentences become lyrical. ? I tried to cross the river, but I couldn't find the boat? It was triggered by the scene in front of us. Facing the vast lake, the poet thought he was still in the wild, but no one took that road, just as he wanted to cross the lake without a boat. ? I am lazier than you politicians. How ashamed am I? You mean here? Ming Sheng? Peace and prosperity, I am not willing to be idle, I want to come out and do something. These two sentences are a formal confession to Prime Minister Zhang, indicating that although he is a hermit at present, he is unwilling to do so. He still yearns for the official position, but he still can't find a way.
So let's go one step further and call on Prime Minister Zhang. ? Angler? The moral of the ruling figures in the current dynasty is actually specific to Prime Minister Zhang. These last two sentences mean: Mr. Zhang, who is in power, I admire you for coming out to preside over state affairs, but as an opposition person, I can't stay with you and work for you, so I can only admire you for nothing. Did the poet skillfully use these words? Why not retire and do the internet? ("Huainanzi"? Xun Lin said) the old saying, once again refurbished; And then what? Fishing? Is it the same? Lake water? I care, so there is no trace, but it is not difficult to understand his mood of asking for a quotation.
The artistic feature of this poem is the organic combination of scenery description and lyricism, touching the scene and containing feelings in the scene. The first four sentences of this poem describe the scenery of Dongting Lake. ? The autumn water rises and almost blends with the shore, mixing water and sky with the sky. ? The moral is the illusion that the sky is reflected in water. The sky is too clear. What do these two sentences mean? During the Mid-Autumn Festival, the water level of Dongting Lake rose to the height of the lake shore. At first glance, I saw the clouds set each other off, and the water and sky were beautiful. ? Ozawa's water vapor transpiration on the cloud soil is white, and the waves seem to shake the whole Yueyang. ? On this vast lake and Yunmengze, water vapor transpiration and roaring waves shocked Yueyang City, which is located by the lake. These four poems vividly depict the scenery of Dongting Lake. Writing the scenery in this way sets off the poet's positive and enterprising mental state, suggesting that the poet is in his prime and willing to serve the country and make a difference. This is a wonderful use of writing about scenery.
Sixth, explore
1, find the right one? Dongting Lake? Describe the poem in detail and guide the students to sum it up in one word:
In the eighth month here, the lake was as calm as a mirror.
Water and the sky are the same color, and water and the sky are connected.
The cloud valley and Meng valley are filled with water vapor.
The lake trapped in Yueyang City is choppy.
2. What rhetoric is used in this poem? What kind of wish did the author express? What verses can be seen from?
Tip:
Using figurative rhetoric, the poet's wish is: eager to serve the court and get the appreciation and appointment of Prime Minister Zhang. The poet euphemistically expressed his wish to Prime Minister Zhang: It is better to have leisure than to have a boat. Sitting around watching other people's hard river fishing can only envy the fish caught in the fish.
3. Poetry is very particular about refining words. What words do you think are used vividly in this poem? Tell me your opinion.
Tip:
Like what? Ping? The handwriting is very leisurely. Ping means that the water is full and full, and at the same time, the vision is broad and endless.
? Mixed? It is pointed out that the Wang Yang in Dongting Lake is vast, connected with the sky, swallowing the sky and spitting the ground, embracing the grandeur of all things, which is quite similar to the description in Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower. The mountains are far away, the Yangtze River swallows, the soup is wide, the horizon is boundless, the morning sun is cloudy, and the weather is myriad. ?
? Steamed? The words render a wet atmosphere, giving people a feeling of pregnancy and prosperity.
? Hey? Put the words in? Yueyang city? In fact, it gives people a feeling of thunder. Blow it up Yueyang City shook the earth and almost collapsed, showing the noise of the lake and the indomitable natural force.
Seven, contrast reading, expand and extend
1. Meng Shizhong? Yueyang city has been surrounded. Is Yueyang really shaken by Dongting Lake? Imagine this scene. Is it beautiful? Why? This and Li Bai's? But Junshan is good, paving the way for Hunan water? Are there any similarities and differences?
Tip:
( 1)? Yueyang city has been surrounded. This was originally an illusion. If the waves in Dongting Lake really shook Yueyang City, it would be a disaster. It is emphasized here that the ups and downs of Dongting Lake are so grand, just like the ups and downs of Yueyang City. The reason why this couplet has become a famous sentence through the ages is because of the sense of space of steaming clouds and the dynamic feeling of Yueyang. The combination of the two is not only grand, but also thrilling.
(2) Similar to Li Bai's poems: both pay attention to writing the magnificent momentum of Dongting Lake with imagination. The difference is that Meng's imagination is based on real scenes, while Li's poems are based on his own emotional needs and make bold assumptions by fictional methods.
2. Compare the similarities and differences between two poems describing the scenery of Dongting Lake. Through the study of these two poems, what are their characteristics?
(1) Clear:
It is the same as the description of the scenery: they all write the beauty, wonder and extraordinary momentum of the Dongting Lake scenery with imagination and association.
The difference of scenery writing: "Three Poems after a Drunk Tour with Uncle Dongting, Assistant Minister (Part II)" writes about scenery through virtual imagination, and describes the injustice in the heart through Dongting Lake, focusing on lyricism; A Letter from Dongting Lake to Zhang Shu describes the vastness of Dongting Lake, which leads to his desire to be an official, with the emphasis on ambition.
(2) Tip:
Characteristics of poetry: from the linguistic point of view, poetry is short and pithy, and it pays attention to conciseness, rhythm and jumping of language. From the artistic conception, the image is distinct, and there is rich imagination and broad imagination space in the image.
In terms of ideological content, poetry reposes the author's thoughts and feelings and is often used to express feelings euphemistically.
Task:
1. Recite these two poems.
2. Be familiar with Yuan Zhongdao's A Tour to Lou Ji, Yang Yue, and have a preliminary understanding of the text according to the text notes.
Blackboard design:
A gift from Dongting Lake to Prime Minister Zhang? meng haoran
Han, mixed steaming shakes (landscape) water and sky, boundless.
Those who want to live in poverty and shame have the desire to be appointed and become officials.