(1) Confucius honors his teacher
In the spring of 521 BC, Confucius learned that his student Gong Jingshu had been ordered by the ruler of Lu to go to Luoyang, the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, to pay homage to the Son of Heaven, and he thought that this would be a good opportunity for him to ask Laozi, who was the Zhou's guardian and historian, to teach him the knowledge of "etiquette," and he asked the consent of Duke Zhaodong of Lu to travel with Gong Jingshu. So with the consent of Duke Lu Zhao, he traveled with Gong Jingshu.
On the second day in Kyoto, Confucius went on foot to visit Laozi at his residence.
When Laozi, who was writing the Tao Te Ching, heard that Confucius had come to ask for advice, he hurriedly put down his sword and pen and put on his clothes to meet him.
Confucius saw the door out of a rare, hale and hearty old man, I think it is Laozi, and hastened to the front, respectfully to Laozi performed the disciple salute.
After entering the hall, Confucius bowed again before sitting down.
Laozi asked Confucius what he had come for, and he left his seat and replied, "I am not well educated, and I know nothing about the ancient system of rituals, so I have come to ask my teacher for advice.
"Seeing that Confucius was so sincere, Laozi expressed his opinion in detail.
When he returned to Lu, Confucius' students asked him to explain Laozi's learning.
Confucius said, "Laozi is knowledgeable in the past and the present, he understands the source of rites and music, and the return of morality; indeed, he is a good teacher for me.
"At the same time, he also praised Laozi by analogy, saying, "Birds, I know it can fly; fish, I know it can swim; wild beasts, I know it can run.
The beast that runs well, I can make a net to catch it; the fish that swims, I can catch it by tying it to a hook with a strip of silk; the bird that flies high, I can shoot it down with a good arrow.
As for the dragon, I cannot tell how it rides the wind and clouds to heaven.
Lao Tzu, its still a dragon!"
(2) Confucius (551 BC - 479 BC) was a thinker, statesman, educator, and founder of the Confucian school of thought at the end of the Spring and Autumn period.
Confucius' name was Qiu, and his character Zhongni.
He was a native of Zuoyi in the State of Lu (southeast of present-day Qufu in Shandong Province).
His ancestors were noblemen of the Song Dynasty, but his fifth ancestor, Mu Jinfu, took refuge in Lu, and later settled in Zuoyi, Lu.
His father, Uighur Shuliang, was a warrior in the state of Lu and was famous for his courage.
Confucius lost his father at the age of three, and moved to Que Li with his mother Yan Zheng Zai and was taught by her.
When Confucius was young, he "played for his children, often displaying chopping boards and beans, and setting up ceremonies.
When he was young, his family was poor, and at the age of fifteen, he set his mind on learning.
When he grew up, he worked as a storehouse manager and a cattle and sheep manager.
He was an open-minded learner, and he learned from different teachers. It is rumored that he asked Laozi about rituals, learned music from Janhang, and learned the qin from Shixiang.
When he was 30 years old, Confucius was already a learned man and became a famous scholar in the area, and he taught his students in Que Li, which was the first private school.
The core of his thought is "benevolence", which means "loving others".
He took "benevolence" as the norm and purpose of behavior, and made "benevolence" and "rites" useful to each other.
He advocated that the ruler should treat the people "with virtue, and treat them with propriety", so as to reproduce the Western Zhou Dynasty, in which "rituals and music and conquests came from the son of heaven", and to realize the ideal of "commonwealth", to which he aspired.
When Confucius was 35 years old, he ran to Qi because of civil unrest in Lu.
In order to get close to Duke Jing of Qi, he became a vassal of Gao Zhaozi, a nobleman of Qi.
The following year, Duke Jing of Qi asked Confucius about political affairs, and Confucius said, "A ruler should be like a ruler, a minister like a minister, a father like a father, and a son like a son.
"Duke Jing of Qi greatly appreciated, and wanted to use Confucius, because of the Qi minister Yan Ying in the obstruction, so stopped.
Soon after, he returned to Lu and continued to study and train his disciples.
At the age of 51, he was appointed to the post of Zhongdu Zai (a local official in Wenshang West) in the state of Lu.
As a result of his good governance, "in one year, all the four directions were in favor of him".
At the age of 52, he was promoted from Zhongduzai to Xiaosikong and Daisikou of Lu.
In 500 BC (10 years of Duke Ding of Lu), at the meeting between Lu and Qi at Jiegu, Confucius proposed that "those who have literature must be prepared for war, and those who have literature must be prepared for war".
Qi Jinggong wanted to threaten the ruler of Lu, Confucius rebuked Qi Jinggong with a gift, to save the state, so that Qi Hou had to promise to make peace, and will Yun, Yuncheng, Guiyin, returned to the state of Lu.
When Confucius was 54 years old, he was entrusted by Ji Huanzi to regulate the ministerial affairs.
In order to increase the authority of the ruler, he proposed to "degrade the three capitals" and "suppress the three Huan" (the three great masters of Lu), which was opposed by the three great masters, and failed to succeed.
At the age of 55, Lu's officials accepted the gift of a beautiful woman from Qi, and became obsessed with sex.
Confucius was so disappointed that he abandoned his post and left Lu, leading his disciples to travel around the world, looking for another opportunity to show their talents.
In 484 BC (the eleventh year of the Duke of Lu's reign), Jikangzi of Lu listened to the advice of Ran You, a disciple of Confucius, and sent people to welcome him back from Wei.
When Confucius returned to the state of Lu, he was honored as a "State Elder," but he was still not used.
He did not seek an official position, but concentrated on education and documentation.
During his lifetime, he trained more than 3,000 disciples, 72 of whom were proficient in the six arts (rituals, music, archery, the imperial court, calligraphy, and mathematics).
In the practice of teaching, he summarized a whole set of educational theories, such as the principles of teaching according to the ability of the students, learning and thinking, learning by example, inspiring and inducing ...... teaching, and the teaching spirit of learning without boredom, tireless teaching, and "knowing is to know, not knowing is not knowing" and "not to be ashamed to ask questions". The learning attitude of "not ashamed to ask questions" has been praised by future generations.
He successively deleted the Book of Songs and the Book of Songs, ordered the Book of Rites and the Book of Music, and repaired the Spring and Autumn Annals, comprehensively organizing the ancient Chinese literature.
He was an old man who loved the Book of Changes, and had reached the level of "Wei Zhi San Jie" (韦编三绝).
At the age of 69, his only son, Kong Li, died.
At the age of 71, his favorite disciple Yan Hui died.
Confucius grieved and lamented, "The heavens are mourning me! The sky is lost to me!" In that year, a monster called Lin was captured in the western part of Lu, and soon died.
Confucius thought that the appearance and death of the unicorn, a symbol of benevolence and good fortune, was an ominous sign of chaos, and he stopped compiling the Spring and Autumn Annals.
At the age of 72, he suddenly learned that Zi Lu had died in a national tragedy in Wei, and mourned.
The following year (479 BC), Confucius was 73 years old, and he died of sleep sickness in 7 days.
The main words and deeds of Confucius' life were compiled by his disciples and re-transmitted disciples into the book The Analects of Confucius, which became the classic of Confucianism.
(c) there are folk dances, pottery making (the more famous Jingdezhen ceramics, Tang Sancai, etc. .... ) Stone carvings (like Longmen stone carvings and Leshan Buddha) and the four great inventions of ancient China and murals (like Dunhuang's Flying Sky) paintings, music and there are bronzes, opera, poetry and scripture; I'm most interested in the Northeast duo, because of his rich history, culture and characteristics! My favorite is the Northeast duo, its rich history and culture and the characteristics of humor y attracted me!
The origin, characteristics and traditional repertoire of Northeast Chinese Opera
Chinese Opera is a folkloric opera in Northeast China.
Duo-Renju is more than just two people.
It has many branches in one tree, with one type of singing voice but many forms of performance, which can be roughly divided into "single", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double" and "double".
It is a tree with many branches, a type of singing, but a variety of performance forms, can be divided into "single", "double", "group", "theater" four categories.
"Single": refers to the "single head", a person a play, a person playing multiple roles.
There is also a play a corner of a person acting, similar to the "one-man show".
"Double": refers to the "double play".
This is a true two-man show.
Two people play multiple roles, narrating and endorsing, jumping out and in, singing and dancing.
"Qun": In the past, the "pulling theater" was also called "group work".
Now it means group singing, sitting singing or group dancing.
"Theater": refers to the "Rakaba theater".
This is a small folk theater in the Northeast, mainly small Dan and clowns.
It is also called "two-player theater" when two people play the roles.
There are more than 300 traditional duoduo plays.
Among them, the most influential ones are "Blue Bridge", "The West Wing", "The Duke of Pao Compensates for His Love", "Yang Ba Sister Goes to Spring" and other double plays; there are "Wang Er Sister Thinks of Her Husband" (also known as "Wrestling the Mirror Rack"), "Hong Yue'e Dreams", "Ding Lang Seeks His Father", and other one-act plays; and there are also pulling plays, such as "Returning Cups", "Sawing the Jar", "Chilling the River", "Horsing Around", "The Two Dumas' Visits to the Diseased" and so on.
The singing voice of the duo is known as "nine chambers, eighteen tunes, seventy-two hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-hi-high", and there are more than three hundred of them.
The suona and the banhu are the main instruments of the duo.
In addition to the bamboo boards (two large boards and five jointed boards), they also use the jade board, also called the hand jade board (four bamboo boards, with one hand playing two).
The performance of the duo is characterized by "four feats and one masterpiece".
The four virtues are "singing, speaking, acting (or pretending), and dancing", and "stunts" such as handkerchiefs, fans, big boards, and yuzi boards.
The roots of the duoduo are embedded in the hearts of farmers in the Northeast.
Some peasants said, "I would rather give up a meal than a duet.
Today, the show is not only popular in the rural areas and towns of the Northeast, but also in parts of Hebei and Inner Mongolia.
(4) Like some development zones were originally some important cultural relics, but now they are going to be destroyed in the hands of our generation, and we should all feel heartbroken about it. !!!!!!
Xi'an Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone is one of the only three state-level high-tech development zones in the country (Beijing Zhongguancun, Suzhou Hi-Tech Park, and Xi'an Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone)
Xi'an's history and culture is not comparable to any other city in the country.
(More than 5000 years of history - the Yellow Emperor)
Xi'an has the 3rd largest number of military enterprises and scientific research institutes in the country, second only to Beijing and Shanghai.
80% of the parts of the Shenzhou spacecraft are made in Xi'an
Half of the weapons in the National Day Parade are made in Xi'an
The only satellite measurement and control center in the country is in Xi'an
The only research institute for test flights of airplanes in the country is in Xi'an
Xi'an is surrounded by more than 120 tombs of emperors and kings
Asia's largest musical fountain. North Square of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda
The largest marine park in the West - Xi'an Ocean World Oceanarium
The largest wildlife park in the West - Xi'an Qinling Wildlife Park
Xi'an has the best-preserved and largest city wall in the world
Xi'an has 32 public colleges and universities and 29 private colleges and universities, which are the only ones in the country to have a pilot flight institute
Xi'an is surrounded by 120 imperial tombs. Xi'an has 32 public colleges and universities, 29 private colleges and universities, and more than 1.2 million college students***, including the famous Xi'an Jiaotong University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi Normal University, one of the six key teacher training universities directly under the Ministry of Education, and Northwestern University of Agriculture, Forestry and Science and Technology, etc. (6 of them are in the 211 project, and 3 of them are in the 985 project.)
There are 43 academicians in Shaanxi Province, of which 42 are in Xi'an, ranking 4th in the country (1st in Beijing, 2nd in Shanghai, and 3rd in Jiangsu)
11 military colleges and universities in Xi'an, including the famous 4th Military Medical University, the Second Artillery University of Engineering, the Air Force University of Engineering, the Armed Forces Command College, the Armed Police College of Communication, the Xi'an Army College, the Xi'an Institute of Political Science, and the Armed Forces University of Engineering, etc.
There is also the Eighth Wonder of the World, "Shaanxi Normal University", and so on.
Huangdi, Qin Shi Huang, Liu Bang, Xiang Yu, Emperor Wu of Han, Wei Qing, Huo Zaodi, Zhang Qian, Sima Qian, Ban Chao, Emperor Taizong of Tang, Yang Guifei, Wang Zhaojun, Wu Zetian, Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Sun Simiao, and so on, are the witnesses of Xi'an's history, and the witnesses of the Chinese civilization. ！！！！
And the world-shattering Xi'an Incident!
Before liberation, Xi'an lost to Beijing by one vote and did not become the capital of China!
Military situation: ***'s only two army groups, the 47th and 21st Armies, are stationed in Xi'an!
Xi'an has the tallest building in Northwest China and the 6th tallest building in China, the Northwest Information Building
Xi'an has 7 5-star hotels and 34 4-star hotels
Xi'an has the third largest travel agency in China in terms of the number of passengers received
Xi'an has 14 large factories of national defense industries, of which 4 produce missiles
Xi'an has 14 large factories of national defense industry, of which 4 produce missiles. Xi'an has 14 major defense industry factories, including 4 missile factories, 2 artillery factories, 8 weapon factories, and 1 military heavy truck factory
Xi'an has the nation's only rocket engine production base, the 067 Base
Xi'an has the nation's only research institute of satellite navigation, the 504 Institute
Xi'an has the nation's only production of aeronautical navigation and control systems, the 618 Institute
Xi'an has more than 40 research institutes
There are also various types of research institutes.
Xi'an has the only institute in China that produces satellite navigation systems.
(1 in Guangzhou and 1 in Shenyang)
The only operational mapping research institute in the whole army
One of the six most dynamic cities in China
One of the top 5 cities in China in terms of consumerism (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi'an, Chengdu)
One of the top 12 cities in China in terms of attracting talents: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Tianjin, Xi'an, Hangzhou, Shenyang, Tianjin, Xi'an, Hangzhou, Shenyang, Chengdu, Jinan, Harbin
Third in comprehensive scientific and technological strength
Third in the number of research institutes (Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an.) with (Xi'an has 44 universities with 800,000 students, of which 130,000 students are already enrolled in 5 private universities).
More than 500 scientific research institutions, 340,000 scientific and technological talent to make its military science and technology power in the country's large and medium-sized cities in the second place, the province has more than 2,000 scientific research units, 17 specialties are the only one in the country, 50 specialties in the country in a leading position.
There are 10 national key experimental field, national departmental specialties, 63 special laboratories, 49 provincial key laboratories, with all kinds of professional and technical personnel 851,000 people, 46 academicians:),
Talent density degree ranked first in the provincial capitals, municipalities, the country is nearly second to Beijing. Wuhan and Xi'an ranked first and second in the number of college students per 10,000 people.
High-tech industrial development zones in the country's third, living in the world's top 500 210 famous enterprises
Xi'an in the first four months of 2004, the amount of investment in fixed assets in the country's top ten, the increase of vice as high as 80.4%, the highest among the cities in the country
The number of computer cities in the forefront of the country's top ten and the Segal and the development of the software industry,
Western communications
The main node, the country's four major nodes (Beijing, Beijing and Beijing), the first and the second. The main node, one of the country's four major nodes (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi'an)
The fourth largest city of modern art in China (Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing, Xi'an),
The number of bookstores in the forefront and the largest bookstore in the West - Xi'an Book Building
Urban natural gas gasification project - the country's first natural gas car line; the only city in China to Beijing's urban gasification
Civil Aviation - one of the largest airports in China, Xi'an's airport passenger traffic ranked 6th in the country, and on the basis of last year's traffic growth rate of the country's first, in the first quarter of 2004, maintained a high growth rate of 60%, again the country's first !
The height of a city is not determined by the number and height of its skyscrapers!
A city without culture is not a great city
A city without depth is frivolous
No one can judge a city indiscriminately!
And the rescue program we are not good to make any comments, lest we attract gossip ~ ~ ~ heh
(5) 1. Laozi's & lt; & lt; Tao Te Ching & gt; & gt; by the later Taoism as a classic!
2. Liu Zongyuan (773-819), character Zihou.
Tang Dynasty literati, philosophers and essayists, with Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong is known as the Tang and Song dynasty eight.
Originally from Hedong (now Shanxi Yongji).
Han Chinese.
He was born in Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) in the eighth year of the reign of Emperor Da Lixing (773).
3. The Kangxi Dictionary compiled in 1716
The Kangxi Dictionary has 47,035 Chinese characters. Of course, it also has the largest number of characters printed in the text.
4. The Classic of Poetry (诗经) is the first collection of poems in China, which contains 305 poems from the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty (西周) to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋), a period of more than 500 years.
The Book of Songs*** is divided into three main parts: Feng (160 poems), Ya (105 poems), and Ode (40 poems).
They all get their name from music.
The meaning of "wind" is tone.
Ancient people called "Qin Feng", "Wei Feng", "Zheng Feng", just as now we say Shaanxi tune, Shanxi tune, Henan tune, "Ya" is the meaning of positive.
The Zhou Dynasty people called the positive sound of the elegant music, as if the Qing Dynasty people called the Kun Cavity Ya Department, with a sense of reverence.
Da Ya and Xiao Ya were probably divided according to chronological order.
"Ode" is a musical song used in the temple sacrifice.
5. The first newspaper in China was the Di Di (邸报), which originally referred to the residence of the officials in Beijing who had an ancient pilgrimage to the capital, and which first appeared in the Warring States period.
Yan Shigu note: "the county and state of the residence, in the capital rate of the rate of the name of the residence.
Di, to also, said the return to also.
""Di" later became the local senior officials in the Beijing office, for the transmission of communication news and set up.
"Di newspaper" is called from this.
"Di newspaper" is also known as "Di copy" (also known as Di notes), and there is a "morning paper" "article" "Miscellaneous Newspapers", all four with the word "newspaper", it can be seen that it is used to inform a kind of announcement of the news, is dedicated to the court to inform the government of the paper and political intelligence of the news copy.
According to historical records, the counties of the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty towns, have set up in the capital, "Di", whose role is equivalent to the role of the Beijing news organizations, focusing on conveying the news of the dynasty, where the emperor's edicts, bureaucrats, as well as the appointment of the relevant officials transfer is the Di officials need to collect the transcription of the content.
"Di Di" was initially copied by the court within, and then posted on the palace gate, public circulation, it is also known as the "Palace Gate copy" "Regulus copy", which is in fact the earliest This is actually one of the earliest ways to publish news.
Around the Song Dynasty, there were profit-making merchants who specialized in transcribing the diaries for sale.
Officials were happy to spend some money to buy them.
Probably later, because of the money that can be purchased, without having to go to the copy, so to the end of the Qing Dynasty, outside of the copy of the residence and the "Beijing News", "Beijing News" has a specialized newspaper room to manage the operation, become a certain scale of the distribution sector, began to have the initial prototype of the newspaper. There is a preliminary newspaper in its infancy.