The temple fair of Taihao Mausoleum, with its great momentum and long duration, is unique to the temple fair in the Central Plains. Every year the lunar calendar February 2 to March 3, will be a month. It is the best wish of the Chinese working people to ward off evil spirits, avoid disasters and pray for good fortune.
Basic Introduction
Chinese Name:Tai Hao Ling Temple Fair
mbth:Tai Hao Ling Temple Fair
Category:Folklore
Region:Huaiyang County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province
Starting Time:Every year, February 2 of the lunar calendar
Continues. Scale of Fuxi, purpose of construction, practical information, opening hours, ticket information, transportation information, temple fair features, related events,
History
As an ancient traditional folk cultural activity, the launching of the Taihao Mausoleum February Fair in Huaiyang can be traced back to the ancient times in the distant past. The Book of Rites - Monthly Order says: "The month of mid-spring... Is enshrined in high media and prisons." The ancients enshrined Fu and Nuwa, the first couple in myths and legends to move from group to dyadic marriage, as gods. The brother and sister of Fuxi and Nuwa married, and they made and reproduced the earthlings. When a storm came, the clay man did not collect it with his hands and swept away his arms and legs with a broom, resulting in disability. This could be the downside of inbreeding. Fuxi, the leader of the Confederation of Wise Clans, began to organize men and women from various tribes to meet and marry in a meeting. The meeting was marked by a stone (similar to the descendant kiln in the northeast corner of Renxian Hall). By touching the offspring kiln, the consent of both men and women was obtained, and then mating took place by covering their faces with grass. Others see that both parties have lovers and stop asking for each other. This is basically the same as the "Midsummer Moon" in "Li Zhou Media's", where men and women are allowed to meet, so when it happens, the one who runs has no choice, and the one who doesn't have to let go for no reason has to be punished. Men and women without husbands can just divide the work. All men and women's obscene lawsuits, listen to the "Sheng Guo She Record" Now there is a kind of mud dog sold in the temple fair "straw hat tiger", is a symbol of the time with grass to cover the face. On this basis, Fuxi formulated the wedding ceremony. Provides that before marriage must have a matchmaker, the man gave the woman two skins as a dowry to get married, changed the state of group marriage, began to have a family. The implementation of this system set off a wave of primitive mismatches Confucius traveled from Wei to Chen, and the Marquis of Chen rose to welcome Confucius on the balcony of his mausoleum. Confucius's lobbying in Chen further changed the original group marriage practice, making February an ancestor festival in nature, and touching the children and grandchildren Kiln became a wish for people to pray for their children and grandchildren. Huaiyang February mausoleum festival not only has been continued, but also pray for blessing ancestor worship wind is getting stronger and stronger, incense is getting stronger and stronger, and the number of people is getting bigger and bigger. On the contrary, Song's Sanglin, Chu's Yunmeng, Qi's state of the February meeting has disappeared one after another. The spread of the idea of the humanization of the gods in the temple fair of Tai Hao Mausoleum, autocratic emperors often relied on the gods, self-proclaimed that they should follow the great unification of the "true dragon emperor". Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, claimed to have been protected by his ancestor Fuxi and gained the throne. Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, also said that he had won the world with the help of Fuxi, and he had made a message to commemorate him in person. Therefore, this February "ancestor worship" will be very grand and spectacular. According to the book "Chenzhou Taiwu Mausoleum Temple Fair Overview", only in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the court sent 52 ministers to pay tribute to Taihao Mausoleum, offerings of more than 30 kinds of offerings, quite rich. At the meeting, the dragon flag fluttered, the flagpole was like a forest, the sound of firecrackers and cigarettes rushed to the sky, and the whole mausoleum was crowded with people. There was almost no standing room. To the Republic of China, President Li and Xu Shichang personally made a plaque in honor of the February mausoleum will still attack January. Republic of China twenty-third year (A.D. 1934) in Henan Province, Li Qi County Education Experimental District and Huaiyang Provincial Normal School joint investigation. It is recorded that the number of people rushing to the February Tomb Festival this year amounted to more than 2 million, 52 projects with 1,476 commercial stores. 40 categories of voluntary entertainment, such as dragon lanterns, stilt walkers, lions and songs; commercial entertainment category 23: such as clapper plays, circus, movies and so on. The festival is a great success, with men, women and children, shoulder to shoulder. Taihao Mausoleum Temple Fair Today's Taihao Mausoleum Temple Fair is much larger in scale, and the incense burners have spread all over the country. The number of people in the area west to Han Jing Road, east to the west of Anhui, north to southwest Lu, south to Hubei and Guangxi. Temple fair during the daily flow of people reached more than 200,000, * * when reached more than 400,000. Due to the large number of people, the meeting lasted for another month, with people exchanging materials and culture in various forms while making a pilgrimage to their ancestors. During this period, many international scholars and friends also came to the Taihao Tomb to explore antiquity and study the oriental civilization of ancient China. Compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, as well as Chinese children and grandchildren living abroad, send delegations to the Taihao Tomb every year to search for their ancestors and proudly pay tribute to them in front of the Fuxi Mausoleum to show that they do not forget their ancestors and that they are the heirs of the dragon.
Contents of the temple fair
Ancestor worship is the basic content of the temple fair. According to legend, the fifteenth day of the second month of the lunar calendar is the birthday of our ancestor Fuxi. Together, Fuxi and Nuwa created the Eight Trigrams, accomplished marriage and laid the foundation of early Chinese civilization. The Ancestor Sacrifice Assembly, composed of good men and women, holds high the yellow silk and green dragon flag, holds an incense tower in their hands and carries flower baskets on their shoulders. Amidst the sound of instrumental music, they solemnly burn incense and kneel down to pay homage to their ancestors. Anyone who pays homage to their ancestors with incense should bring a handful of soil from their hometown and sprinkle it on the Fuxi Mausoleum after the incense is finished, symbolizing the prosperity of future generations.
The origin of the temple fair
The origin of the Taihao Mausoleum temple fair can be traced back to more than 6000 years ago. According to historical records, Fu Xi, the founder of Chinese culture, had Wanqiu (Huaiyang) as his capital. He's "a painting to open the sky divided into yin and yang, deduction of all things will become", opened the Chen as the center of the Yellow-Huai Plain on the curtain of Chinese civilization. He invented the net, taught the people fishing and hunting animal husbandry, and created the primitive animal husbandry; he recognized the name of wind, and taught the people to follow the rules; he made the wedding ceremony, which made the primitive people get rid of the ignorant group marriage; he invented the most primitive musical instrument, the harp, and taught the people the maximization of the rites and music; he took the title of the Dragon Lord, nicknamed the Dragon Lord and Parting of the Sea. In particular, he viewed astronomy from above, geography from below, and everything in the middle, and created the Eight Trigrams, which put an end to the tying of knots, opened up human wisdom, and pioneered human civilization. His series of inventions, like long-lasting lamps, have illuminated China's history for thousands of years. Fuxi thus became an epoch-making figure, known as the "head of the yellow three", "the ancestor of mankind", and became the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the ancestor of the dragon race, and the ancestor of the *** with the ancestor. In order to commemorate the merits of Fuxi, the temple crowd built a mausoleum temple in Huaiyang, the burial place of Taihao Fuxi family. According to historical records, there was Fuxi's mausoleum in Huaiyang during the Spring and Autumn Period. Before the Han Dynasty, a shrine was built in front of the mausoleum. Tang Emperor Taizong Li Shimin ordered people to be forbidden to graze, and Song Emperor Zhao Kuangyin announced the establishment of a mausoleum temple. Since then, there has been a fixed day of worship. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it had been repaired and expanded again and again. Taihao Tomb is grand, brilliant and opulent, and the temple will be even more prosperous and lively.
Origin of Fuxi
Legend of Fuxi
Taihao Fuxi family is the ancestor of human beings in ancient myths and legends of China. He is said to have conceived mankind with the mother snail ****. He taught people to engage in fishing, hunting and herding, invented characters, made gossip and so on. He was a great male ancestral god created by the ancient Chinese ancestors after they entered the patriarchal society. Taihao Fuxi Mausoleum is located in the north of Li San Huaiyang County. According to the evidence, Taihao Fuxi Mausoleum was built in the Spring and Autumn Period, and a shrine was built in front of it in the Han Dynasty. Tang and Song emperors issued an edict to expand the cemetery and worship Tai Hao and Fu Xi. The existing Tai Hao Fuxi Mausoleum was built in the thirteenth year of the Ming Dynasty, and has been repaired and restored many times in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Fu Xi scale
Taihao Fuxi Mausoleum covers an area of more than 875 acres, and its scale is rare in mausoleum architecture. The mausoleum consists of two compounds, a cemetery and a temple, both of which are surrounded by a high wall, commonly known as the Forbidden City. Outside the Forbidden City are the Inner City and the Outer City. The entire mausoleum building to the mausoleum as the central axis, from south to north unfolding, in order of nine dragons shine wall (now gone):Wumao door, Yubai River stone bridge, Daoyimen. Yimen is the first heavenly gate, a pavilion-style building, brick arches. Further north is the Taiji Gate, on which there is a blue plaque saying "Tomb of Taihao Fuxi". In front of the Taiji Gate is the Jade Belt Road, connecting Donghuamen and Xihuamen. The Bell Tower and Drum Tower are on both sides of the east side of the Taiji Gate, and the Tiantong Temple faces north. Located in the center of the mausoleum, Tian Tong Temple is the largest building in the mausoleum, with eaves and arches, red walls and yellow tiles, and dragons and phoenixes. The statue of Taihao Fuxi is enshrined in the Tiantong Hall. Fuxi is like a poncho, with double horns on his head, draped in leaves, hiding animal skins around his waist, and holding the Eight Trigrams of the Ancestors in his hand. Fu Xi is surrounded by statues of Yan Di, Huang Di, Shao Hao and Zhuan Xu. Behind the Temple of Heaven is the Hall of Renxian, and behind it is the Bedchamber, and behind the Bedchamber is the tomb of the first ancestor, Taihao Fuxi. Fuxi's tomb is more than 20 meters high and more than 150 meters in circumference. It is under the upper circle, which has the meaning of a round place. In front of the tomb there is a huge lapis lazuli tombstone, because of the age has been weathered and eroded, but "Taihao Fuxi" a few words are still vaguely recognizable. Legend has it that the words engraved on the tombstone were written by Su Xiaomei, a talented girl in the Song Dynasty, with a sweatband soaked in perfumed powder. The mausoleum is planted with white sandalwood cypresses, which are verdant and strong. Behind the tomb maker is Fuxi's yarrow garden. Legend has it that Fuxi used yarrow for divination and eliminated disasters and diseases for the people. Therefore, people later called yarrow "holy grass."
Construction Purpose
Taihao Fuxi Mausoleum's magnificence makes the world marvel. According to folklore, the Fuxi Mausoleum was built by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty, in order to repay Fuxi for saving his life by modeling it after the pattern of illuminated palaces.
Useful Information
Opening Hours
Winter:8:00-18:00, Summer:7:30-18:30, half an hour earlier during the temple fair.
Ticket information
60 yuan on weekdays 20 yuan on the first and fifteenth days of the lunar calendar, and during the second to third days of February. On March 9, 2016, the reporter learned from the propaganda department of Huaiyang County Party Committee that the annual traditional ancient temple fair in Huaiyang County opens today for a month until the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar. During the temple fair, the Huangxi Cultural Square will hold a non-legacy exhibition with half-price admission. According to the person in charge of Huaiyang Taihao Mausoleum Management Office, the usual ticket price of the scenic spot is 40 yuan. During the month-long temple fair and the first and fifteenth days of each lunar month, the ticket price is reduced to 20 yuan. Elderly people over 70 years old, active-duty military personnel and people with disabilities are free of charge with valid documents.
Transportation Information
Transportation Scenic Area is adjacent to 106 National Highway. Nanluo, Daguang Expressway Zhoukou Shangyu Expressway Huaiyang exit.
Temple Fair Characteristics
A variety of traditional folk entertainment during the temple fair is even more fascinating. Among them, juggling The most popular performances include lions, dragon lanterns, bamboo horses, dry boats and so on. The Taiwuling Ancestor Festival is also a showcase of traditional folk entertainment. "Compared with other temple fairs, there are two very unique aspects to the temple fair customs of Taiwuling. First, there is a relatively primitive dance to honor ancestors and please the gods, also called "carrying flower baskets." During the fair, every day you can see the "hand-picked team" that comes to Taiwuling to pray for the blessing of the ancestors. These "selected teams" sing and dance in front of the Taewu Mausoleum, attracting many good men and women who come to the Hajj pilgrimage to stop and watch. Each team of four people, three carrying flower baskets and one playing the bamboo board, danced in the form of several songs, with three pairs picking six kinds of flower baskets, singing and dancing. The dancers are all dressed in black, with big black waist pants, leg wrappers, black embroidered shoes, and their heads are wrapped in nearly 1-meter-long black gauze headdresses with 6-centimeter-long ears on the lower edge of the headdresses. Most of the dancers are elderly women. The Flower Basket Dance originated at an unknown time and is rumored to be a primitive ritual dance handed down from the Vanguard Dragon Flower Festival. There is no definite solution to the Vanguard Dragon Flower Festival. Legend has it that Fuxi was a big dragon and Nuwa was a small dragon. This flower show may be related to ancestors. The Flower Basket Dance was passed down from women to men, mainly to entertain the ancestors and to watch over Nuwa (there used to be a Nuwa temple at the Taihao Tombs). When the Flower Basket Dance reaches a busy place, the dancers walk back to back in the middle and touch each other, symbolizing the intersection of Fuxi's mother snail. His lyrics are also related to Fuxi and Nuwa. Some of the movements of this dance are basically the same as those of the lower part of Fuxi Nuwa's mating in the Han Dynasty statues, which is a primitive custom of fertility worship. The second unique feature is that the temple fair is filled with "mud dogs". Mud dogs, also known as "Taiwuling's dogs" and "Ling's dogs", are a kind of clay toys sold at the temple fair. Every year, there are all kinds of clay dog stalls at the temple fair of Taiwuling. These clay toys come in a variety of shapes, including pigeons, snakes, frogs, unicorns, two-headed dogs, monkeys with faces, peach monkeys, straw-hatted tigers, turtles and swallows. Its image is exaggerated and its expression is different, which is implied in the ancient clumsiness. According to the evidence, these clay toys are living cultural relics of the late primitive society that have been handed down to the present day. Some people think that these clay toys are the custom of "kneading mud people" left behind by Fuxi Nuwa after she got married. The cultural phenomenon of Tai Hao Ling temple fair has many primitive cultural colors, and there are many things worth studying and mysteries to be solved.
Related events
On March 10, 2016, the second day of the second month of the lunar calendar, at the temple fair of Taihao Mausoleum in Huaiyang County, Henan Province, incense burners lined up to pat, Wang and other five people's statues, which has become a unique scenery at the temple fair.
That day was the opening of the February 2 temple fair at Taihao Mausoleum in Huaiyang County, Henan Province. Tourists from all over the country came to Tai Hao Mausoleum to burn incense and worship their ancestors. In front of the Yue Fei Temple at the Tai Hao Mausoleum, there were iron statues of five treacherous officials kneeling, including Wang Jun, the wife of , Wang and Zhang Jun. All the pilgrims who burn incense come here to play "Qin Hui" to vent their hatred for the murder of Yue Fei, the national hero. According to folklore, slapping yourself after slapping Qin Hui will make you better. Over time, slapping Qin Hui has become a unique scenery at the temple fair of Taihao Mausoleum in Huaiyang. A large shovel pushes a large amount of combustible materials near the incense burner in front of the mausoleum to one place on March 10, 2016, at the Taihao Mausoleum in Huaiyang, Henan Province. On the second day of the second lunar month, a large number of incense burners flocked to the temple fair of Taihao Mausoleum held in Huaiyang County, Henan Province. Although the relevant departments have posted notices to care for the environment and prohibit the burning of high incense. But there are still a lot of people burning incense length and diameter significantly more than the provisions of the burning offerings piled up into a small mountain. Blessing site, smoke choking people can not open their eyes. Two large forklifts constantly deal with burning materials, dozens of staff and even fire extinguishers to deal with the residue. It is still necessary to standardize and guide to create an environmentally friendly and thrifty sacrificial environment. It is understood that the temple fair during the China (Huaiyang) intangible cultural heritage exhibition will be held from March 14 to 17 in Huang Xi Cultural Square. This year's exhibition added 30 kinds of Henan Jing (diet) traditional crafts, Bianliang cake, Kaifeng cockfighting, Guantang slices of hemp and other famous local snacks will be unveiled one after another. While enjoying the magnificent dynamic performances and parades, you can also enjoy a "feast of non-heritage".