Story outline
On April Fool's Day in Paris from 65438 to 0482, quasimodo, the camel of Notre Dame, was chosen as the king of fools because he was the ugliest person in Paris. He was elected to the throne by the masses and traveled around the city. All right. Gan Guo Wa is a poor poet. He put on a religious satire on April Fool's Day, but the audience only watched his plays. In order to get food, penniless Gan Guo Wa followed La Esmeralda, a gypsy street dancer, and was fascinated by her beauty. But when she came to a corner, she was suddenly attacked by quasimodo and Fraineau, the vice bishop of Notre Dame. Gan Guo tried to save her, but quasimodo knocked her down and Fraineau escaped. Phoebe, the captain of the Royal Archers, arrived in time and caught quasimodo. Later that night, a group of beggars and thieves tried to hang Gan Guo Wa, but Esmeralda appeared and offered to marry him for four years, so Gan Guo Wa was saved.
Can I have a glass of wine?
The next day, quasimodo was taken to court and sentenced to two hours of torture in Gebrey Square. He grinded around on the meat grinder, was laughed at by the masses and was insulted both physically and mentally. He begged for some water to drink, but no one paid attention to him until Esmeralda came forward to give him some water. Seeing this, bagehot, a reclusive nun nearby, screamed that Esmeralda was a gypsy thief and accused her of being the chief culprit in kidnapping her daughter fifteen years ago.
Two months later, Esmeralda was walking in the street and was found by Fletcher Gondel Rosier and her friends from the balcony. Fletcher (hereinafter referred to as Memoirs of a Geisha) is a noble lady and Phoebe's fiancee. She was jealous of Esmeralda's beauty and pretended not to see her, but her friend called Esmeralda in. When Esmeralda entered the room, the aristocratic ladies were suddenly dwarfed. Although they are beautiful, they can't compare with Esmeralda. The aristocratic ladies realized that Esmeralda was gorgeous and turned to laugh at her clothes. Phoebe wanted to make Esmeralda feel better, but Memoirs of a Geisha picked up her bag, broke it open and fell off several boards with letters written on them. Degari, Esmeralda's lamb, spelled these letters "Phobos". Memoirs of a geisha realized that she had a rival in love and thought Esmeralda was a witch. Phoebe followed Esmeralda after she left.
Later that month, Esmeralda met Phoebe and confessed to him. Phoebe took the opportunity to kiss her and pretend to love her. Phoebe has no intention of marrying her, which makes Esmeralda very sad. Phoebe pretends to be sad and says Esmeralda will never love him again. Esmeralda said that she really loved him and would do anything for him. Phoebe starts to unbutton her clothes and kiss her again. Fraineau has been watching them from behind the door. He rushed into the room jealously, stabbed Phoebe and ran away. Esmeralda fainted and woke up to find herself accused of murder. Due to some misunderstanding, the jury thought Phoebe was dead. Esmeralda claimed that she was innocent, but she was tortured to extract a confession. Her feet were locked in iron boots and tightened. Unable to bear the pain, she admitted that she was the murderer of Phoebe. The court sentenced her to death for murder and witchcraft (the court had seen Gary Lamb's spelling tricks), and Esmeralda was put in a separate cell. Fraineau came to see her, but she hid in a corner. Fraineau expressed his deep desire for Esmeralda and gave her an ultimatum: Give her to him or die. Esmeralda rejected him. Fraineau went crazy and left the city. The next day, a few minutes before Esmeralda was hanged, quasimodo came from Notre Dame dramatically, took Esmeralda away, and shouted "Holy Church" when he ran back to Notre Dame.
When Esmeralda lived in Notre Dame, she gradually became friends with quasimodo and saw his heart through his deformed appearance. Quasimodo gave her a sharp whistle, which was one of the things he could hear, and told her to use it when she needed help. One day, Esmeralda found Phoebe walking through Notre Dame. She asked quasimodo to follow Phoebe, but quasimodo saw Phoebe leave his fiancee's house. Quasimodo tells Phoebe that Esmeralda is still alive, but Phoebe thinks Esmeralda is dead and tells quasimodo to go away. Quasimodo went back and said he couldn't find Phoebe. Esmeralda and quasimodo lived a quiet life for several weeks, but Fraineau suddenly came back and was very angry to see Esmeralda and quasimodo getting along well. He hid from them secretly, and Fraineau hid in a small room for a few days, planning what to do next. One night, he opened Esmeralda's room with a master key. Esmeralda woke up, and Fraineau pressed her with her body, trying to be strong and violent. She was very scared. Unable to resist Frono, Esmeralda took out her whistle and blew it desperately. When Fraineau realized what she was doing, quasimodo had mentioned him, threw him on the wall and hit him as hard as if he wanted to kill him. When quasimodo tried to kill him, Fraineau staggered to the window in the moonlight. Quasimodo was surprised to find that it was he who attacked Esmeralda. Fraineau was furious. Before leaving Notre Dame, he told Esmeralda that if he couldn't have her, no one else could.
Fraineau found Gan Guo Wa and lied to him that Parliament would order soldiers to forcibly enter Notre Dame and take Esmeralda away. Gan Guo Wa believed that he could save Esmeralda, so he made a plan with Fraineau. One night, Gan Guo Wa led a Parisian gypsy to Notre Dame to rescue Esmeralda. Quasimodo thought they were going to catch Esmeralda, so he used Notre Dame's defense to fight back against the Gypsies. When the king's advisers saw the Notre Dame War, Parliament voted to remove Esmeralda from the sanctuary. At the same time, quasimodo found that he was going to win, but the Royal Bow and Arrow Team came to Notre Dame University to help. The bow and arrow team cleared the gypsies from the street. Quasimodo ran to Esmeralda's room to find her, only to find with horror that she had disappeared.
During the attack, Gan Guo Wa and a stranger in a cloak sneaked into Notre Dame to look for Esmeralda and tried to take her away quietly. Esmeralda heard the attack and was afraid that the soldiers would take her away. ) When Gan Guo Wa said he would save her, Esmeralda agreed to leave with them. They rowed to the Seine by boat. Esmeralda fainted when she heard people keep saying that she was going to die. When she woke up, she found that Gan Guo Wa had gone, and the stranger was Fraineau. Fraineau gave her another chance to choose: stay with him or give her to the soldiers. Esmeralda chose to be executed. Fraineau got angry and threw her to Sister bagehot. Bagehot hates gypsies. Before the soldiers arrived, she held Esmeralda tightly. When the soldiers arrived, they found that Esmeralda was a lost child in bagehot, but it was too late for Esmeralda to escape. Bagehot followed the guards to the gallows, kicking and biting all the way. A guard pushed her away, causing her head injury and finally died.
In Notre Dame, quasimodo is still frantically searching for Esmeralda. He walked to the top of the North Tower, where he found Fraineau. He saw Fraineau's crazy face, and quasimodo followed his eyes and saw Esmeralda in a white dress on the gallows. Quasimodo was furious and drove Fraineau out of Notre Dame. When he saw La Esmeralda hanged and Fraineau's body, quasimodo shouted, "All the people I love are here!" Here is everything I have ever loved! ) Since then, quasimodo has never been seen again.
leading part
* Bill Gan Guo: Poor bard. Mistaken into the secret lair of gypsies, Miracle Street. In order to avoid revealing secrets, Gan Guo Wa was either hanged or married to a gypsy. Although Esmeralda didn't love him and thought he was a coward rather than a real man (because he didn't like Phoebe and couldn't save her from quasimodo), she married him out of sympathy, but she refused to let Gan Guo touch her, and they became husband and wife in name only. Later, he went with the gypsies to save Esmeralda, and Crobin took over as the beggar king after his death.
* Pull? Laes Merada: Gypsy dancer. At first, she was an entertainer, but later she was regarded as a witch and a murderer. Quasimodo and Fraineau both fell in love with her, but she fell in love with Phoebe, the captain of the Royal Archers.
Jali: Esmeralda's pet sheep. Its tricks make people believe that Esmeralda is a witch. It can spell letters as "Phoebus" and tell the time, telling people the month and time.
* Clopin Trouillefou: the beggar king of Miracle Street. After Esmeralda went to prison, she died to save her.
Quasimodo: Abandoned baby adopted by Nord. One-eyed, hunchbacked, language barrier, grew up in Notre Dame, ringing bells. I fell in love with Esmeralda, too. When she was executed, she tried to save her, but it was too late.
* Knode？ Claude frollo: Dean of Notre Dame College. Seeing Esmeralda dancing, he was very moved. In retaliation, he falsely accused her of being a witch and put her in an unfair position.
* Phoebe (Phoebus Ch? A knight, who was originally engaged to his girlfriend's memoirs of a geisha, fell in love with her immediately after seeing her.
Novel evaluation
/kloc-in the 9th century, victor hugo was the most dazzling star in the brilliant French literary world. He is a great poet, a famous playwright and novelist, and also the flag bearer and leader of the French romantic literature movement. Notre Dame de Paris, a great work, is his first sensational romantic novel. Its literary value and far-reaching significance to society make it reprinted again and again today after nearly two centuries.
In the process of reading this book, we can feel a strong "contrast between beauty and ugliness". The characters and events in the book, even if they come from real life, have been greatly exaggerated and strengthened. Under the writer's rich colors, they formed a gorgeous and strange picture, forming a bright and even incredible contrast between good and evil, beauty and ugliness.
Bohemian girl Esmeralda is the darling of Paris tramps, who make a living by busking in the streets. She is innocent, compassionate and helpful. Because she couldn't bear to see an innocent man executed, she accepted the poet Gan Guo Wa as her nominal husband to save his life. Seeing quasimodo being whipped in the scorching sun, only she will feel pity and send water to the mouth of the thirsty bell ringer. Such a noble-minded girl was slandered as a "witch" and a "murderer" by the church and the court, and was sentenced to hang. It highlighted the irresponsibility of the church and the court at that time, and calmed the public's anger by means of false accusation. The author portrays Esmeralda as the embodiment of beauty and goodness, which makes her spiritual beauty and external beauty completely unified, thus arousing readers' infinite sympathy for her, and then generating strong resentment against feudal churches and kingship.
As for the Bishop Claude and the bell ringer quasimodo, these are two completely opposite images. On the surface, Claude lived a hard and abstinent spiritual life, but deep down, he longed for lewd enjoyment and was full of jealousy for worldly enjoyment. He is selfish, insidious and unscrupulous. Quasimodo, a hunchbacked, one-eyed, deaf-mute and lame freak, was discriminated and bullied by the world since he was a child. In Esmeralda, he first experienced the warmth of people's hearts. Since then, this eccentric with a vulgar and savage appearance has pinned all his life and enthusiasm on Esmeralda. He can go through fire and water for her and sacrifice everything for her happiness.
This extreme contrast between beauty and ugliness and the absolute opposition between sublime and evil make the novel have a shocking power, which can sweep away all our thoughts and feelings. This may be the charm of romance novels.
In Notre Dame de Paris, the author describes the lowest people, vagrants and beggars in Paris with great sympathy. They are ragged and rude, but they have virtues far superior to the so-called educated civilized world: mutual assistance and friendship, integrity and courage, and self-sacrifice In the novel, the scene of Paris tramps attacking Notre Dame to save Esmeralda is tragic, intense, generous and thrilling. Show the solidarity and mutual assistance of the homeless.
As a milestone of romantic literature, one of the most obvious signs of this novel is Hugo's sharp contrast between good and evil, beauty and ugliness. But this contrast is not based on the traditional way of beauty and goodness. Ugliness and evil are concentrated on two different types of characters, or simply avoid the ugly side, but let them cross each other: people with beautiful appearance may not be kind inside; Those who are ugly in appearance may not be beautiful or bad in heart.
Notre Dame de Paris, with its immortal wisdom, has been silently watching the rolling river and all beings for more than 800 years, and is a witness to many human tragedies and comedies! In Hugo's novels, it seems to have the breath of life, sheltering Esmeralda, confirming Claude's crimes, lamenting the heroic sacrifice of all heroes who tried to resist the dark rule, and praising quasimodo's chivalrous behavior of stepping down all wolves, tigers, leopards and all executioners. It even merged with quasimodo. quasimodo was not only the master of the deformed man's soul, but also the support of his strange body. Under Hugo's brilliant pen, it came to life, and at the same time, it added the brilliance of great writers with a symphony of destiny carved, described and interpreted. The beautiful Notre Dame de Paris is a gem of Gothic architecture. Hugo had a strong interest in architectural art, especially Gothic architectural art, as early as his youth. In his youth, he prepared for at least three years and became familiar with medieval French society, especially Notre Dame. At the same time, I extensively read relevant materials and mastered all the mysteries of the buildings that the French are proud of, which is convenient for 6438+00. Hiding in the dark corner of one of the two towering bell towers, he found such a hand-carved Greek character on the wall: fate! It is said that the dark forces dominate the fate of mankind, but in fact it dominates everyone in that ignorant era, that is, the devil. Its ubiquitous fatalism deeply touched the author. Indeed, Notre Dame de Paris was written to describe the word "fate", and the great humanist Hugo sought the true meaning of fate. Both Claude and quasimodo are, in the final analysis, social people. Their inner division and conflict reflect the division and conflict between theocracy and human rights, ignorance and knowledge, huge and heavy dark system and struggling and fragile individuals, which finally leads to the tragic ending of all the characters in the tragedy. The fate we see in this masterpiece is to exert its sweeping power in a specific environment, that is, the medieval French capital, a society full of ignorance, superstition and barbaric rule. Notre Dame de Paris, as a masterpiece of romanticism, is precisely because the author strives to conform to the primitive nature and depicts the real life of medieval French society. In the form of superb techniques and romanticism, it is condensed and refined in this masterpiece, showing their distinctive characteristics and rich implications, and winning another victory for romanticism to break the rigid model of classicism after Ainani. This is an angry and tragic symphony of destiny.
Appreciation and thinking of works
Notre Dame plays an important role in victor hugo's voluminous works. It established Hugo's lofty position as a world-famous novelist.
This novel is set in Paris of Louis Xi in the15th century. At the beginning of the work, the people of Paris warmly celebrated April Fool's Day and Epiphany. People held torches, played musical instruments with strange sounds, and held the newly elected "King of Fools"-the bell ringer and the ugly quasimodo of Notre Dame for fun. Then there is Esmeralda, a gypsy woman, who dances beautifully with a little goat in a foreign country. In the warm cheers, Vice Bishop Rosen and Father Claude of Notre Dame de Paris mixed their gloomy voices: "There are evil methods here!" " "This is blasphemous!" He was fascinated by Esmeralda's beauty and tried to keep it for himself. So he ordered quasimodo, his adopted son and Notre Dame bell ringer, to stop and rob at night. The girl shouted for help and was rescued by the captain of the Royal Guard, Fubis. She fell in love with the brave officer at first sight. Quasimodo was arrested and sentenced to public flogging. He was hot, thirsty and painful in the scorching sun, crying for water. The citizens responded with insults and teasing, but Esmeralda responded with kindness and gave him water to drink, which moved the poor bell ringer to the first tear in his life.
Soon, Garraud found that Esmeralda had another love, so he turned love into hate, hid in the hotel where the girl and Phobos had a tryst, waited for an opportunity to stab Phobos, his rival in love, and colluded with the court to oppose Esmeralda's collusion with the demon monk to murder officers with magic. She was forced to plead guilty and sentenced to hang. On the day of execution, quasimodo killed the executioner with one punch and brought gypsy woman into Notre Dame, which is a "holy land" where the military and police can't just go in and arrest people. King Louis Xi decided to send troops to capture her and ordered her to be hanged within three days. After hearing the news, vagrants and beggars in Paris besieged Notre Dame overnight to rescue their sisters. Claude took advantage of the chaos, tricked Esmeralda out, took her to the gallows, and forced her to make a choice: hang or surrender to him. Claude was refused, that is, she was handed over to the officers and men who were chasing her. Then she returned to the top floor of Notre Dame and gave Esmeralda a devilish grin with a noose around her neck. Quasimodo was furious and pushed him down from the top floor and fell to his death. He also rushed to the grave and died holding the body of a gypsy girl.
Through the tragic experience of the heroine Esmeralda, the novel angrily exposes the darkness of the feudal church and the cruelty of the authoritarian regime. Condemn the hypocrisy and cruelty of priests, judges and kings; Praised the integrity, kindness and rebellious spirit of the lower class civilians.
Garraud, the vice bishop of Notre Dame de Paris, is a respectable and well-dressed hypocrite, but his soul is dirty and poisonous, like poisonous snakes and scorpions. On the surface, he is deeply religious, abstinent, far away from women, and hates all material comforts and pleasures of life. It is selfish, greedy, insidious and cold at heart. He appeared like a ghost inside and outside Notre Dame, deliberately plotting to maintain religious order and suppress people's resistance. On the one hand, he cursed the gypsy women for being dirty and depraved, on the other hand, he was lustful and tried to possess Esmeralda. To this end, he used all kinds of despicable tricks: sending people to hijack, stab rival in love and frame girls. In prison, in Notre Dame, in front of the gallows, the threat of death, or Lacrimosa, sweet talk temptation. When both carrot and stick failed, he viciously colluded with the government and executed the kind girl. He who harms others will harm himself. Jarod's death shows the author's deep hatred for the representative of this church.
Through the scene of quasimodo's robbery of a girl, the novel sketches a farce in which a deaf-mute judge tries the deaf-mute, satirizing the ugly state of the deaf-mute judge's pretending to be deaf and hearing cases at will and the corruption of the judicial system. The trial of Esmeralda's "murder" case is an open persecution of civilians by the feudal ruling class. The innocent girl was accused of being a murderer in court, but the real murderer, Jarod, sat high on the trial bench; The judge made a false accusation against the girl, forced her to admit "conspiracy to kill" through torture, and sentenced her to death. The author angrily called this trial "the judge eats human flesh" by the poet Gan Guo Wa.
Starting from the bourgeois democratic thought, Hugo exposed the ugliness of the upper class people in the feudal dynasty, and at the same time fictionalized a beggar kingdom by romanticism, describing and praising the noble character of the lower class people.
The heroine Esmeralda is beautiful, lovely, pure and kind. When the poet Gan Guo Wa strayed into a homeless community late at night and was about to be hanged, she publicly announced that she was willing to marry the poet and be his nominal wife to save his life. Esmeralda is warm, naive and determined. Once in love with Captain Fabi, he thinks that love "is the combination of two people. That's an angel made up of a man and a woman. That is heaven. " So she has always maintained a passionate love and never doubted that the officers would abandon her. In the face of Jarod's threats and temptations, she was firm and would rather die than surrender, which showed the noble sentiment of gypsy girls.
For other lower-class civilians, the author is also full of deep sympathy and enthusiastic praise. Quasimodo, the bell ringer, has a kind heart, pure feelings and clear love and hate; Tramps and beggars helped each other, fought bravely, openly despised theocracy and political power, and gathered to attack Notre Dame, the reactionary fortress. It is precisely because Hugo saw the power of the masses that his works always maintained an optimistic atmosphere and a high-spirited style. Even at the end of the novel, the vagrant army was suppressed and gypsy woman was executed, which was still full of optimism and positive atmosphere. Of course, the novel also promotes the idealistic idea of transforming human nature with fraternity and kindness.
Notre Dame de Paris is a magnificent romantic art picture. The author makes full use of the romantic contrast between beauty and ugliness in the preface to Cromwell, describes the good and evil, the beauty and ugliness, the sublime and the humble, and exaggerates some characteristics in the environment, events, plot arrangement, characterization and other aspects, resulting in a strong contrast. Quasimodo is ugly, deformed and has unclear facial features, but he is kind-hearted, courageous and noble-minded, which is in sharp contrast with Garaud, the vice bishop who is hypocritical in appearance and despicable in heart. Quasimodo once fell in love with a gypsy girl. He was sincere and loyal, and finally committed suicide by holding the girl's body. Captain Fabi, who looks brave and elegant, not only abandoned Esmeralda and married another noble lady, but also became the murderer who led troops to search for gypsy girls.
Hugo said of Notre Dame de Paris: "If this book has any advantages, it is imagination, diversity and fantasy." Rich imagination, grotesque plot and peculiar structure have become the important features of this novel. In the center of Paris, there is actually a "beggar kingdom" that is difficult for military and police to enter; When Esmeralda was willing to marry the poet Gan Guo Watt, the Egyptian Duke of the beggar kingdom asked the poet to throw a clay bottle on the ground. Once the clay bottle was broken into four pieces, he ordered them to marry for four years. The novel ends with the title "Marriage in quasimodo", which is even more legendary. Two years after Esme Halda's death, people saw the body of a man without a broken neck, with one leg long and one leg short, hugging the body of a woman, and the bones turned to dust as soon as they were pulled open. These not only highlight quasimodo's loyalty to gypsy girls, but also satisfy the readers' wishes and greatly enhance the appeal of the works.
Notre Dame de Paris adopts a romantic approach and reflects real life with ancient historical themes. It takes Paris in the heyday of medieval feudalism as the background, portrays colorful and strange pictures, and reveals the tragic story of gypsy girls being persecuted to death from the bustling scene. The novel gives a subtle description of Paris in the Middle Ages, especially Notre Dame, pointing out that it is the heart of Paris in the Middle Ages, the symbol of the authority of the feudal state, and the intersection of all contradictions in the plot. The author also personifies the human and animal reliefs in Notre Dame and the Emperor's Temple, as witnesses of the vicissitudes of life, which adds to the romantic atmosphere of the novel.
Aesthetic thinking of Notre Dame de Paris.
First of all, the author does not observe from a secular perspective, but calmly thinks about beauty and ugliness from a specific artistic perspective. The four characters depicted in this paper, Esmeralda, quasimodo, Vice Bishop Jarod and young officers, firstly, the author puts forward the traditional beauty, that is, the beauty of Esmeralda. This is a woman who looks like a fairy. Everyone is fascinated by her. More importantly, she has an incomparably pure heart, which is reflected in her intrinsic value. The author arranged a goat as a foil. However, it is precisely because of the beauty of the young girl Esmeralda that three people are watching, one is a young officer, the other is a priest, and the other is quasimodo. First of all, young officers, ugly models like us. He is clean on the outside, but ugly on the inside. Even though he already has a fiancee, when he saw Esmeralda, he couldn't resist his inner desire, deceived him and tried to realize the possession of Esmeralda. The second is Garaude, who wears a holy coat, but has an extremely ugly heart inside. He threatened Esmeralda, framed him and so on. The third person is quasimodo. His appearance is so terrible that all people call him a beast, but it is precisely because this beast contains a holy and pure heart. Specifically, his father's love for the priest, his love for Esmeralda, and his devotion to his profession or God (he rings the bell for the church every day) all highlight his extremely noble soul.
This is a rethinking of beauty caused by a perfect woman. At the end of the story, the deaths of Esmeralda and quasimodo are arranged, which proves that the author's thought is a kind of deep thinking and reflection on secular beauty. quasimodo threw the priest from the upstairs of Notre Dame, which is an intrinsic virtue value. This novel has influenced generations. The reason is that there will always be different aesthetic and value orientations in the changes of the world, and there will always be different values of beauty, but beauty always comes from people's inner beauty. Such beauty is not only a reflection on life, but also a reflection on the meaning of life and everything in the world.