Empress Xiaozhuang Wen, Bolzigit Banner, daughter of Belle Zhai Sang in Horqin Department of Mongolia, Princess Taizong of Qing Dynasty. He is an important and popular figure in the history of Qing Dynasty. Sourdrang queen was born in a prominent family in Horqin, Mongolia. In the scuffle between various nationalities and ministries in Northeast China at the end of Ming Dynasty, Huang Taiji, the son of Nurhachi, a wise Khan in the late Jin Dynasty, who rose in Baishan Heishui, married Fang Fujin at the age of thirteen. In the step-by-step success of Houjin, she gradually got involved in the whirlpool of one political struggle after another, and showed her outstanding political talent, gradually established a stable position and became a character in the political arena in the early Qing Dynasty.
She is the second daughter of Belezhai Sang in Horqin Department of Mongolia. Horqin Mongolia joined Houjin earlier and married it, which consolidated the political alliance between the two sides. In February, thirteen-year-old Bumu Butai (sourdrang queen name), accompanied by his brother Wu Keshan, was sent to Liaoyang, the new capital of the late Jin Dynasty, and married Huang Taiji, the eighth son of Nurhachi, who was thirty-four years old. Like Dafu, he belongs to the category of wife (Manchu people believe in polygamy). As early as 1 1 years ago, her aunt Zhezhe had married Huang Taiji and became the first palace of the rich man. Nine years later, in the eighth year of Tiancong (1634), Huang Taiji, who inherited the Khan position, married his sister Hailanzhu, so the three became slaves.
After the marriage, Bumu Butai successively gave birth to three daughters for Huang Taiji. In the third year of Tiancong (1629), she gave birth to four emperors' daughters and was later named princess royal, the eternal mother of Gulun. In the sixth year of Tiancong (1632), she gave birth to five daughters, and was later named princess royal, a Gulun Shuhui; In the second year, she gave birth to seven daughters of the emperor, who were later named Princess Gu Lunduanxian. The three princesses were married to Mongolian aristocrats Bill Tahar, Sebuteng and Ken Gilg.
Sourdrang queen's achievements in history are beyond the reach of any empress in the Qing Dynasty. Although she has the ability to be the second queen of China, she doesn't. The court minister also asked to hang curtains or face the court, but she politely refused. Being able to live for her son and grandson is the most admirable thing. This is her field. She doesn't want to be accused by future generations, and she doesn't want to mess up the state affairs. Her lifelong wish is for the Qing Dynasty. As long as the Qing Dynasty flourished, she could sacrifice anything! She worked hard all her life to assist several generations of emperors, and paid so much for her husband and son, not to mention how much suffering and fatigue she suffered from injustice that ordinary people never suffered. Her accumulated efforts proved her greatness. It is not easy for a woman to do this. Since ancient times, it has been difficult for women to support everything. There are countless obstacles and abuses behind her. She just wants to be an unknown hero, prosperous and prosperous, not seeking fame and fortune! Therefore, our descendants still understand her and are deeply moved by her kindness and wisdom!
Sourdrang queen experienced three dynasties in the early Qing Dynasty, which was a crucial historical period from chaos to governance. She assisted the emperor with all her strength, and made great contributions to reconciling the internal contradictions and struggles in the Qing Palace, stabilizing the social order in the early Qing Dynasty and promoting national unity. Later generations called it "the mother of Qing Dynasty".
1625 (ten years of destiny), Bumu Butai was only 13 years old, and married her uncle Huang Taiji, who was 20 years older than her, as a side Fujin. Nine years later, Bumu Butai's 26-year-old sister Hai also married Huang Taiji. It can be said that three uncles married Huang taiji together.
Huang taiji died suddenly, and the kings and brothers fought for chaos and peeped at the artifact. Hogg, the eldest son of Huang taiji, and his younger brothers, Dourgen, Archie and Dodo, all moved around nervously and declared war on each other. At this critical moment, Xiao Zhuang won over all forces, especially the key figures, Dourgen and Daishan, by virtue of her aunt's role as the imperial queen of Huang Taiji and her privileged position and intelligence. Although Daishan was old at that time and had no hope for the position of emperor, her position was prominent, which had a certain control effect on the words and deeds of governors in the early Qing Dynasty. Dourgen was young, with outstanding military exploits, and mastered the relieving of the two white flags. Haug, the eldest son of Huang taiji, has made many military achievements, is a supporter of the two yellow flags and a favorable competitor to the throne. Among the three men, Xiao Zhuang used his wisdom to make his only son Fu Lin ascend to the throne.
In the early Qing Dynasty, wars were frequent, the national treasury was empty, and soldiers' salaries were insufficient. Xiaozhuang often takes out the money and things saved by the harem to help the soldiers and civilians. Her practice of saving court expenses and helping the victims has always influenced the Kang Yong dynasties.
Kangxi lost his father at the age of 8 and his mother in the same year. Childhood was brought up by Xiaozhuang, assisted by Xiaozhuang. Xiao Zhuang didn't take part in politics very much, but Kangxi had to ask her permission to decide when dealing with state affairs.
In the eleventh year of Kangxi, Xiaozhuang fell ill and went to Chicheng to wash hot springs. "Records of the Holy Father of Qing Dynasty" recorded in detail that Kangxi helped his grandmother and was considerate. When he was not at home, news came from Beijing that Seung You, the fourth son of Emperor Kangxi, died of illness. Kangxi fought back his grief and kept it from Xiaozhuang. Kangxi was hunting outside, and once sent a fast horse to send fresh melons and fruits to the palace for his grandmother to taste. In a letter to his grandmother, he called himself a priest. Filial piety to grandma can be seen.
The 75-year-old Xiaozhuang is seriously ill. It can be seen from the Notes of Kangxi's Mansion and Records of the Holy Father of Qing Dynasty, which recorded Kangxi's words and deeds at that time, that Kangxi's filial piety to his grandmother was really rare throughout the ages. The magnum opus and Records record that Kangxi walked to the Temple of Heaven to pray for his grandmother. Accompany my grandmother in Cining Palace, sit on the floor and handle military affairs in Cining Palace; Every time he took medicine, Kangxi had to taste it first, and then offered it to his grandmother. ...
Xiao Zhuang died in Cining Palace at the age of 75, leaving a posthumous edict, in which he expressed his condolences for the death of his mature husband and middle-aged son, all thanks to Kangxi's filial piety. Emperor Kangxi cried many times. Throughout the life of Empress Xiaozhuangwen, Kangxi has a eulogy that can be used as a brief comment: "Yesterday, Taizong Wen, my ancestor, praised and publicized the internal affairs, gave birth to Taizong, took an examination of Shizu Zhang, was rewarded by Gu Fu, and was infinitely unified. I only practiced in chongling, and I paid tribute to the teaching and diligence of my holy grandmother, and even established it. " "Without the Empress Dowager Cixi, a grandmother, it would not be where it is today."
Xiaozhuang worked hard all his life and created the heyday of the Qing Dynasty. She is a rare Mongolian female politician in the history of China. If the word "mother of the country" is given to the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China for more than 200 years, then this labor title belongs to the Empress Xiaozhuang.
The origin of Zhuang Fei
In the first year of Chongde (1636), Huang Taiji proclaimed himself emperor, improved the system of empresses, and built five palaces: Qingning Palace, Guanju Palace, Linzhi Palace, Yanqing Palace and Yongfu Palace. Among them, Dafu Jin Zhe Zhe is the Queen of Qingning Palace; Hailanzhu ranked second, Chen Fei of Guanju Palace; The third imperial concubine Mu Zhong is the daughter of the king of Abagai County in Mongolia. The fourth is Batma Kun, princess of Yan Qing, who was originally Tutumen Fujin of Khan in Chahar, Mongolia; Bentai ranked fifth and was named Princess Yongfu Palace. The name of Zhuang Fei came from this. It is conceivable that she was not enough to attract people's full attention at that time, because in terms of status, she ranked at the bottom of the five houses, and at that time, Huang Taiji was arbitrary and young, and history had not given Zhuang Fei a chance to show herself.