Hanzhong during the Three Kingdoms was the present-day Hanzhong region. Hanzhong is a narrow buffer between the Guanzhong Plain and the Chengdu Plain, with the Qinling Mountains in the north and the Daba Mountains in the south. In the past, it was a place where several strong barriers and dangerous valleys kept all parties in check, and thus in the era of the wars of wars, there was a saying that "the one who wins Hanzhong can win the world". Especially in the two Han and three Kingdoms period, Hanzhong's geographic location is very important.
The ancient Yangpingguan Pass has been regarded as "the throat of Shu" and "the gateway to Hanzhong" since ancient times. The Sui book "geography" on the ancient Yangping Pass military strategic position described in great detail: "West control Sichuan and Sichuan, North through the Qinlong, and the back according to the Jingshan Mountain, the front of the towering Tingjun, Zhuo Pen, the right entrenched White Horse, Jinniu, the left arch of Yunwu, Baizhang, Han, Black, Ashes water belt envelope in the midst of the world, the world's most dangerous. Shu if you get on top can be tipped over the enemy, respect will be the royal family; in can eat Yong, Liang, expanding the land; under the key can be fixed, for the enduring plan ...... "Hanzhong most dangerous, such as the Yangping, and thus here since ancient times is the place of war, especially in the Three Kingdoms period, Shu, Wei's emperors and generals used all their strategies to fight for The battle of the Three Kingdoms period made the ancient Yangping Pass famous all over the world.
In the twentieth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao decided to seize Hanzhong, the gateway to Yizhou, before Liu Bei, in order to expand his sphere of influence, so he led an army of 100,000 men to attack Yangpingguan. Hanzhong was a tiny place, so how could it compete with Cao Cao's army? But after Cao Cao personally inspected the terrain and defenses of Yangping Pass, he found that the situation was not promising: the mountains were steep and steep, and Zhang Lu had ordered his generals Zhang Wei, Yang Ang, and Yang Ren to build walls and fortresses against the mountains, towering over them, making it impossible to defend, but clearly "impossible to attack". Cao's soldiers were unable to attack for a long time, so they had to fraudulently retreat, so that the guards at Yangping Pass relaxed their vigilance, and then took the opportunity to attack Yangping Pass, Zhang Lu's guards were in turmoil, Yang Ang was killed in battle, and Cao Cao then skillfully captured Hanzhong.
After the pacification of Hanzhong, Cao Cao sent Xiahou Yuan, Zhang He, and other generals to garrison the passes of Dingjunshan and other places in order to plan for Western Sichuan. At this time, Liu Bei took advantage of Cao Cao's unsettled foothold and led Huang Zhong into Hanzhong. Xiahou Yuan's troops are very elite, the veteran Huang Zhong is not willing to show weakness, every time to charge forward, bravely kill the enemy, the whole army of gold drums shake the sky, the momentum is raging, shaking the valley, and finally captured the strategic Dingjunshan, and killed the Wei general Xiahou Yuan, Liu Bei to open the Hanzhong Basin of the western gate has made a great contribution. After that, Zhuge Liang used Dingjun Mountain as the base for the northern expedition against Cao Wei. Because of this battle, Dingjunshan became famous in the world.
After the Battle of Dingjunshan, the Wei army was defeated, and Liu Bei won Hanzhong. In order to crusade against Cao Cao in a legitimate way, General Ma Chao of Pingxi and a hundred or so other civil and military generals submitted a petition to the Emperor of Han, electing Liu Bei as the King of Hanzhong. It is written in the history books: "An altar was set up, troops were displayed, ministers accompanied the king, and after the reading, the king's crown was presented to the late lord." In this "King of Hanzhong" ceremony, generals and people gathered, singing and dancing on the square, hundreds of war drums sounded, instrumental music, sound, forming a later inheritance of thousands of years of "Dingjun War Drums", Liu Bei also read on the spot, he gave Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, Liu Xie's " Zaozhang", to express himself. Shengzhang" to show his attitude and determination. After receiving the seal and the crown, Liu Bei left the valiant Wei Yan to guard Hanzhong and returned to Chengdu with his own troops. People set up a monument in Liu Bei set up an altar, the location of the old state store called "Xing Liu Zhai".