Canghai Mangtian, thousands of mountains, in the eyes of the essayist Yu Qiuyu, are with a strong historical and humanistic flavor. As he said, "I find myself especially want to go to the place, always ancient and literati left deeper footprints where, indicating that the landscape in my heart is not entirely natural landscape, but a humanistic landscape." "Everywhere I go, there is always a heavy historical air pressure covering my whole body, making me move and sigh for no reason." This walking and thinking, walking black and thin scholars greeted the Tang Dynasty smoke and dust, Song Dynasty wind and rain, all the way to the west to sing, into the vast desert in the ancient city of Dunhuang, into the deep and holy Mogao Grottoes.
In 366 A.D., a monk called Le Taru traveled to the mountains of Mogao, Dunhuang, deep in the desert, and wanted to choose a quiet place to stay. As he looked around the peak, he suddenly saw a peculiar picture. "Across the way, the Three Dangerous Mountains were shining with golden light and blazing with intensity, like a thousand Buddhas leaping." Monk Le Taru was shocked by the ten thousand golden lights, he wiped his eyes, was it the evening sun? No, the evening sun was just to the west, right opposite the golden light of the Three Dangerous Mountains. He was so excited in an instant that he burst into tears. "Le Taru stood there excitedly, with the soaring golden light in front of him and the colorful evening sun behind him; his body was illuminated red all over, and the tin staff in his hand became crystal clear." In the eyes of this enlightened and ethereal Buddhist, this was the mysterious Western Elysium, the holy land of the Buddha that he had been seeking for many years. He put the tin stick inserted in the ground, solemn kneeling down, and wishing aloud, from now on, to be widely for the cause, in this place to build a cave statue, so that it will always be golden, flickering for ten thousand years.
Le Taru monk invited skilled craftsmen, deep in the desert steep slopes clanking chiseling stone. He spread the word about the wonders he saw, and believers from near and far came here to worship the wonders and donate money and love. Day after day, from the princes, down to the common people, either alone, or joint venture, their faith and prayers, condensed into a secret grotto. Generation after generation of artists deep love, each carefully carved grottoes in the talent Ran Ran rising, each a strong brimming mural dazzling flying sky.
In Yu Qiuyu's pen, Mogao Grottoes frescoes color lines meandering, along the footprint of this line, saw the Mogao Grottoes frescoes from the sixteen countries, after ten dynasties, until the end of the Yuan Dynasty. Dynasty change, regime transfer, economic development, artistic image, posture and mood, style and interest, are constantly changing. Different times, very different artists, leaving us a hundred and thousands of flying frescoes.
From the sixteen states of Northern Liang to Northern Wei, about 170 years. Northern Wei riding the sands of the northern fat and strong men, so this period of murals rugged lines, bold strokes, bold coloring. A mural presents a story, a touch of coloring is a long song of history. Among them, the Northern Wei Dynasty "King Zebi cut flesh to save pigeons" is the most wonderful story.
This is the practice of the Buddha before he became a Taoist, known as the "story of life". As early as in the predecessor of Sakyamuni, when he was King Gautama, he was compassionate and merciful, practicing the Bodhisattva way, and he only wanted to become a Buddha on the ground. The two of them became an eagle and a dove, and performed a play in which the eagle tried to eat the dove.
In order to save the pigeon from the eagle's mouth, King Zebi begged the eagle not to eat the weak being. The eagle said, "If I don't eat this pigeon, I will die of hunger." King Corpus Christi said, "I, the Buddha, am compassionate and universal to all sentient beings, so I will cut off the flesh from my body and give it to you to eat." The eagle said, "I can eat your meat, but the meat you cut off has to weigh the same as this pigeon." King Corpus Christi brought a scale and made the dove stand at one end. Strangely enough, the meat he cut off was always a little less than the weight of the dove, so he kept on cutting, drenched in blood, his body trembling and shaking. The eagle, unable to bear it, said to him, "You are dying, stop cutting and let me eat the pigeon." King Corpus Christi resolutely refused to do so, and when the tendons of the cut were broken and the flesh was exhausted, he exerted his last strength and stood himself up on the scales. He gave up his life to save the pigeon's spirit immediately moved the earth trembled violently, the dead tree leaves and blossoms, the sky fell colorful and fragrant rain, the eagle and the pigeon also disappeared. In the blink of an eye, the body of the king was restored to its original state, and he was transformed into Sakyamuni by the bloody test, so he was able to fulfill the Bhumi Paramita.
Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty went down to Yangzhou, where there were songs and dances, and beautiful women in fragrant boats. This period of Buddhist development has had a preliminary form, coupled with the gradual prosperity of the country at that time, the national power slowly powerful, the artisan's artistic talent has been highlighted, the atmosphere is fine, mural lines smooth and soft fine. Sheng Tang era of social prosperity, artistic achievement is at its peak. More than half of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang were built in the Sui and Tang dynasties. Unlike the previous generation, which emphasized the Buddha's life and sayings, the murals at this time were mostly based on the theme of "sutra changes" and feeders, or expressed the profound Buddhist classics, or depicted the portraits of those who opened the caves and made the statues, which were radiant with color. Such as the "Cultural Journey" in the Sheng Tang mural lines of depiction: "the world can have the colors are sprayed out, but also sprayed not at all wild, stretching into the fine fluent lines, transformed into a magnificent symphonic movement."
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Tang Dynasty murals in the flying art is exquisite, almost every cave. After the evolution of the Sui Dynasty, most of the flying sky is able to sing and dance, a thousand beautiful women. They dance, beautifully modeled, not only to give people "Tianyi flying, full of wall are moving" intuitive image, but also through the mural of the ancient women's beautiful appearance, elegant style and the spirit of the charm of the full show. "Here let you hot, let you lose your temper, let you just want to feet in the air. No matter what content he draws, one look makes you exclaim in the bottom of your heart, this is man, this is life."
The Tang Dynasty was the largest and the only great unified Chinese dynasty that did not build the Great Wall. It was the largest and only great unified dynasty in China that did not build the Great Wall. The Tang dynasty's territory extended beyond the boundaries of modern China in the west and north. After the destruction of East Turkestan and Xueyantuo, the T'ang emperor was honored as the Khan of Heaven by the four barbarians. The Tang Dynasty was characterized by diversification in science, technology, culture, economy and art, and a large number of famous artists emerged in the fields of poetry, calligraphy and painting, such as the poet Li Bai, the poet saint Du Fu, the Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan, the painting saints Wu Daozi and Li Si Xun, and the musician Li Guinian. The Tang Dynasty was the most powerful country in the world at that time, with its eclectic culture, flourishing economy and reputation overseas. Yu Qiuyu looked at the Mogao Grottoes in the Buddha's feet on the lotus of the Tang Dynasty murals, a lot of emotion: "Tang Dynasty should be like this, our nation, finally have such a dynasty, finally had such a moment, driving such a magnificent color flow, and even command."
It is said that the murals of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, if connected, a whole 60 miles long. Come to see the ancient charm of the tourists to listen to the story, learn art, explore history, seek culture, ingesting this level of rich depth of the scene. Tourists watching the murals, but also in the process of watching history, we read the "Cultural Journey", but also in the purification of our soul.
A person without a soul, like Wang Yuanchu, become the sinner of Dunhuang Grottoes. He is an ignorant and foolish Taoist priest, and his soul is despicable to the core. It was such a clown who somehow became the steward of the Mogao Grottoes' cultural relics. In the eyes of this ancient sinner, a few scrolls of scripture, a few clay figurines worth what money? What is the use of a stupid foreigner to buy it? So he sold the most splendid culture of the ancient country for thousands of years, countless scrolls of scripture, weaving silk and painting and writing to ambitious foreign adventurers, so that they can countless Dunhuang cultural relics box by box to transport away, he is only a little bit of small money ......
Yu Qiuyu said, "This is a huge
Yu Qiuyu said, "This is a great national tragedy. Wang Daoshi is just the clown who went up in this tragedy."
A young poet wrote: "That evening, when the adventurer Stein loaded boxes of a team of oxcarts were about to depart, he looked back at the western sky bleak evening sun, where the wounds of an ancient nation dripping blood."
History awakens people, and traveling makes them wise. I do not know when, like Yu Qiuyu, can also walk on the ancient Silk Road, a glimpse of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes weathered face, the Flying Dance played.