A few years ago, the State Duma passed a draft law to adopt the Soviet national anthem as the Russian national anthem, but it was opposed by some people, including Yeltsin, and the bill ran aground. This time, according to the motion submitted by President Putin, it is proposed to follow the melody of the national anthem of the Soviet Union and re-write the lyrics. The tune of this song is impassioned, inspiring and far-reaching. When talking about reusing the tune of the Soviet national anthem, Putin said: "If someone says that the symbol of the former Soviet Union can't be used, then our parents will waste their lives and live meaningless lives ..." Putin's words are meaningful and warn people not to forget the past.
most people in the opinion polls also agree with Putin's proposal. However, glinka's "Song of Patriots", the national anthem used in Russia for nearly 1 years, has brought great inconvenience because there are no lyrics. For example, during the Sydney Olympic Games, many Russian athletes complained that when they stood on the podium and played the national anthem, they couldn't sing it themselves, so they could only hum to the tune, which was very embarrassing. And glinka's melody is too complicated to learn and remember. The tune is too tender to reflect the rough and heroic spirit of the Russian nation and cannot be popularized among the whole people, which is why Russia wants to change its national anthem. After pre-selection, there are as many as 15 new lyrics for the national anthem. After layers of examination, mikhalkov, who wrote lyrics for the Soviet national anthem, stands out among many masters. In the new millennium, when the bell of the new century is ringing, Russians finally hear the national anthem with new words played by TV stations.
Sergei Mikhalkov, an 87-year-old lyricist, is a famous Soviet poet and academician of the Soviet Academy of Education. His children's poems have influenced several generations in the Soviet Union and are still children's favorite books. In 1943, the lyrics of the national anthem written by him and Al Legestan were selected and first played on January 1, 1944. After the 2th Congress of the Soviet Union criticized Stalin in the 195s, Stalin's name was deleted from the lyrics of the national anthem. Later, people still had opinions, and the authorities decided to stop using the lyrics of the national anthem on September 1, 1977. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the early 199s, mikhalkov was designated as the lyrics of the new Russian national anthem "Song of Patriots" by glinka, but it was not written for several years. But in the last few days at the end of the century, he actually wrote new words for the tune of the Soviet national anthem. The lyrics consist of three paragraphs, and the chorus is repeated after each paragraph. The lyrics are
Russia, our sacred motherland.
Russia, our lovely country.
Strong will and great glory,
Your wealth goes back to ancient times!
From the South China Sea to the North Xinjiang,
Forests and fields are infinitely vast,
You are the only one in the world,
You are a lovely hometown blessed by God!
Looking forward to the future,
Our life is full of hope.
No matter in the past, present or future,
Loyalty to the motherland gives us strength!
Chorus: Praise you, our free motherland.
You are a fortress of friendship among people of all ethnic groups.
wisdom accumulated by generations,
leads us to the distant place of victory.
① No country in the world will change its national anthem as frequently as Russia. Six songs appeared in 2 years. The first national anthem is Otsup kozlowski's Bolognez dance "Thunder of Victory, ring! > . Here's the thing. The Russian-Turkish war was nearing the end of victory. In order to celebrate the victory, on April 28th, 1791, Potemkin held a grand banquet in his apartment. The distinguished guest at the table is Catherine II. Five thousand guests gathered in the oval hall. Two bands and a choir consist of 3 people. The queen slowly walked out in the sound of the trumpet. Then played a divertimento. Kozlowski's Bolognez began the divertimento, and Jerchavin wrote the lyrics for it. The perfect combination of the ancient poems praising the queen and Polonez dance made the work passionate, and this song quickly became popular and became the first national anthem.
The second national anthem came into being in the 18th and 19th centuries, when Russia's military rival was Napoleon France. The lyrics of the previous national anthem are obviously out of date. After the Russian army occupied Paris on March 19th, 1814, in an orchestra performance in Moscow, the royal opera soloist Shmilev performed "Song for the Russian Tsar"-"Please accept the crown of victory". This song is borrowed from the British national anthem "God, please protect the king". In 1815, Rukowski translated the first paragraph of this song and published it under the title "Russian Prayer".
In 1816, Pushkin, a student of Huangcun School, added two paragraphs to Rukovsky's translation. At the celebration of the founding of Huangcun, the student choir of Huangcun School sang this English song with Russian lyrics. In the same year, Archduke Constantine ordered the "British" national anthem to be played while reviewing troops in Warsaw. Alexander I loved it so much that he ordered it to be played whenever he saw the king. In 1818, Rukowski replaced the last two paragraphs with Pushkin's own lyrics. In this way, the final lyrics of the national anthem can be determined. The British national anthem is not only borrowed by Russia, but also by many European countries-Sweden, Norway, Prussia, Bavaria and so on.
this touched the self-esteem of the Russian czar. In 1833, Nicholas I commissioned the famous violinist and musician Lvov, the head of the cappella Regiment of the Palace, to compose a new national anthem. Later, I learned that glinka was also assigned to create. Lvov successfully completed this arduous task. On January 23rd, 1833, Nicholas I listened to the performance of the new national anthem. Rukowski wrote the lyrics for this piece of music at the request of Lviv. On December II, the new national anthem held its first public performance at the Moscow Grand Theatre. Bantyshev sang the Russian national anthem "God, Please Protect the Tsar" for the first time. On December 31, 1833, Archduke Mikhail signed an order to use the new national anthem instead of the old national anthem.
The new national anthem was sung until 1917. After overthrowing the czar's autocratic system, people tried to use the Marseillaise as the national anthem of Russia, while the royalists continued to play God, please protect the czar! 》。 At that time, I also tried to create a free Russian national anthem, but none of them succeeded. Only in January 1918, the first Soviet Congress decided to use the Internationale as the national anthem of Soviet Russia, and it became the national anthem of the Soviet Union after the founding of the Soviet Union in 1922.
in the late 193s, after the Soviet Union declared the victory of socialism, it decided to change the national anthem. At that time, more than 4 poets and more than 16 composers participated in the competition to create a new national anthem. The jury thinks that the works of Shostakovich
④ and others are the best. But Stalin is the final decider. He especially loved Alexandrov's Ode to the Bolshevik Party written in 1939. In December 1943, mikhalkov's new lyrics with the above-mentioned old songs were adopted. On the night of January 1, 1944, the new national anthem was first broadcast on the radio. On March 15th, 1944, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet ordered the new national anthem to be played everywhere, and The Internationale became Dang Ge. From 1944 to 1945, each country joined the United States and began to write its own national anthem. After criticizing Stalin's personality cult, the Soviet Union played the national anthem without lyrics for many years. Even before the disintegration of the Soviet Union, glinka's Song of Patriots was proposed as the tune of the national anthem. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, the authorities formally adopted this opinion. This piece of music by glinka has been handed down in the form of a manuscript. Although there is no date on the manuscript, the conception of its work coincides with the era when the new national anthem was created in 1833. Glinka's manuscript was discovered by Findeisen
⑥ from other composers' manuscripts in 1885, and nobody cared about it for the next 6 years. It was only in 1944 that Professor Bagrinovsky set music for a large symphony orchestra and reproduced glinka's ideas with vivid music. But it is only background music played by radio and TV stations. In 1947, when celebrating the 8th birthday of Moscow, it was first played in public with the lyrics of Mashtov praising the capital. ———————
① The translation of lyrics is quoted from the article by Li Yongquan of Global Times on January 5, 21.
② 1757-1831, Russian musician.
③ 1739-1791, a strategist in the period of Russian Catherine II.
④ 196-1975, Soviet composer and Soviet people's artist.
1883-1946, Soviet composer and Soviet people's artist. ⑥ 1869-1928, Russian musician in the Soviet Union.
The national anthem of the Soviet Union "Unbreakable Alliance"
Song: Aleksandrov/Word: mikhalkov
Lyrics:
"Russia, our sacred motherland,
Russia, our lovely home.
strong will and great glory
are your eternal treasure!
Be proud of our free motherland.
All fraternal national alliances have been handed down from generation to generation.
The ancestors endowed the people with wisdom!
be proud, motherland! We are proud of you!
From the southern sea to the Arctic territory
There are our forests and fields everywhere.
you are unique!
You are the only fertile ground for God's blessing!
Be proud of our free motherland.
All fraternal national alliances have been handed down from generation to generation.
The ancestors endowed the people with wisdom!
be proud, motherland! We are proud of you!
Infinite ideal realm and vast living space
Times have opened up the future for us.
Loyalty to our motherland gives us strength.
past, present and forever!
Be proud of our free motherland.
All fraternal national alliances have been handed down from generation to generation.
The ancestors endowed the people with wisdom!
be proud, motherland! We are proud of you! "