Morphological description
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Xuanwu Lake is shaped like a ham, the lake is divided into three large pieces, the North Lake (Northeast Lake, Northwest Lake), the Southeast Lake and the Southwest Lake, the North Lake water is shallow, the Southwest Lake water is the deepest. Southeast Lake, followed by the lake by the lake embankment, bridges and roads connected so that the Xuanwu Lake water system is completely in artificial control, Xuanwu Lake is a shallow lake; north-south length 2.4km, east-west width of 2.0km; the lake substrate is thicker, an average of up to 70cm, mainly fine-grained clay; the main ditch into the lake there are seven, respectively, the south ten miles long ditch, the old quarter Pavilion, the Spice Factory, Tangjia Shan ditch, Zijinshan ditch, Gangzi Village and the west home! Datang, the northern part is connected with the moat and Jinchuan River, and the southern part is connected with the Pearl River.
History
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Xuanwu Lake was anciently known as Sangbo. Originally it was just a swampy wetland formed by the action of faults, with the lake water coming from the northern foot of Zhongshan Mountain. In the Three Kingdoms, King Sun Quan of Wu drew water into the palace garden lake, Xuanwu Lake is the shape of the first lake. Because Xuanwu Lake Xuanwu Lake is located in the north of the Yanquan Lake and the Palace City, so it is also known as "after the lake" or "North Lake". Qin Shihuang after the destruction of Chu changed Jinling for Moling County, Xuanwu Lake renamed Moling Lake, because the Han Moling Lieutenant Jiang Ziwen buried lakeside, Sun Wu Sun Quan to avoid the name of his grandfather Sun Zhong taboo, so the name "Jiang Ling Lake". In the early years of Yuanjia of the Song Dynasty, Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty carried out a large-scale dredging of the Xuanwu Lake, and the dredged mud was piled up to form small islands exposed to the surface of the water. The largest of these islands were "Penglai", "Fangzhang" and "Yingzhou", collectively known as the "Three Gods", which may be the present-day Liangzhou in Xuanwu Lake. Perhaps this is the predecessor of Liangzhou, Huanzhou and Cherry Island in today's Xuanwu Lake. Legend has it that Liu Song Yuanjia twenty-five years (448 years) in the lake twice appeared "black dragon" (probably the current Yangzi E), and thus renamed Xuanwu Lake.
During the Six Dynasties, Xuanwu Lake was a playground for feudal emperors. In the third year of Da Ming of Song Dynasty, Shanglin Yuan was established on the lake, and Leyou Yuan and Hualin Yuan were also established on the southern shore. Qi Daming years, the emperor often midnight hunting, or to Zhongshan, or to Mufushan, tens of thousands of courtesans accompanied by strict dress, back at dawn just to hear the chicken, "Xuanwu Lake in the Jade Leaky urging, chicken Ming Dai mouth embroidered jacket back," the source of the sentence out of this, and to this day, near the Wumiao locks and the chicken Ming Dai's place name. Historically, Xuanwu Lake was also the central base for training and reviewing the navy. Emperor Xiaowu of the Song Dynasty had a second parade of naval forces on the lake, so it is also known as the Kunming Lake, the practice of the lake, but the people called the drinking horse pond. Chen Xuan Di Taijian ten years, military parade on the lake, masts and masts, flags, drums and horns vibrate to the sky, 100,000 soldiers, the building ship 500, majestic and spectacular, later sung: "500 building ship 100,000 soldiers, climbed up to the high parade of martial arts array of cloud birth. Definitely know that the warships across the GuaBu, there should be military teeth embracing Shicheng. Autumn on the lake empty silk bamboo branch, the tide of the river head drums sound."
Xuanwu Lake in history has twice been havoc, once in the Sui Wendi, the other occurred in the reign of Emperor Shenzong Song. After the Sui emperor destroyed the southern Chen, had ordered the razing of Nanjing city, Xuanwu Lake first disappeared for more than two hundred years. The Tang Dynasty's Li Bai once wrote, "Spring grass grows in the dead country, and there is no ancient hill in the departed palace. Empty after the lake moon, wave on the Jiangzhou" sigh of regret; Song God Zong Xining nine years (1076 AD), Wang Anshi transferred to Jiangning Prefect, advocating the "abolition of the lake back to the field", Nanjing City, rain disaster nightmare has lingered on. After Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, Nanjing, Nanjing, a large expansion of the scope of the city, the Xuanwu Lake has since become a moat outside the wall of the northeast of Nanjing, the lake is only 1 / 3 of the Six Dynasties, and in the middle of the continent (Liangzhou) to build the yellow book library, as the Ming Dynasty government storage of the national account of the total book of the treasury of the forbidden land, do not allow the general public to enter casually. The people of the time is "Yingzhou at hand and go Qi, the island overlooking the sky want to be lost. For the storage of the map of people rarely to, only the pavilion of the sunset low" irony. 1911, Xuanwu Lake was opened as a park, and then opened the Xuanwumen, built Cuihong embankment to pass the lake, Xuanwu Lake has become a famous tourist area in Nanjing.
Xuanwu Lake five continents
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Ringzhou -- ring like two huge arms from the north and south sides of the lake to embrace the Cherry Island. Huanzhou is facing the corner of the Xuanwumen there is a rockery, rockery next to the two peculiarly shaped Taihu Lake stone, one shaped like Guanyin, one shaped like a child, named the child worship Guanyin. There is Guo Pu Pavilion on the hill after the rockery, and this hill is the clothing grave of Guo Pu, a famous literati of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Guo Pu is a famous literati and scientist in Jin Dynasty, erudite and versatile, especially good at words and calculations, once lived in seclusion by Xuanwu Lake, a "Poem of the Immortals" to say that his lifelong ambition: "the capital of the chivalrous grottoes, the mountains and the forests hidden and recluse. The Vermilion Gate is not enough to honor, not as good as Penglai". But he was born in the chaotic world of wind and rain, and was eventually killed for his concern for the country and the people, and for rebuking Wang Dun for his treachery.
Liangzhou -- from the Huanzhou to the north across the Fang Bridge is Liangzhou, Liangzhou is the five continents in the earliest, the best scenery where, also known as the old continent, the Americas. Originally for the Liang Dynasty, Prince Zhaoming reading place, Prince Zhaoming study through the past and present, love of landscape, he advocated the Xiao and Liang literature to open a generation of new style, in today's still have "no worries about the world to compete for the color, and how to Zhaoming text incense" comments. Liang Yuan site, there is still an ancient well, according to "Houhu Zhi": "this well since ancient times". Ming Dynasty digging cleanup, the bottom of the well found a six-dynasty copper hooks, this well to copper hooks for the name. Northeast of the continent there is a two-story square-shaped ancient building, the name of the building. North of the building has a platform, surrounded by iron railing enclosure, is the ancient point of the platform. West of the building there are friendship hall, wenji pavilion, lake temple and other buildings. The northwest corner of the continent is a classical garden-style flower bed, made of yellow stone stacked, between the altar has a twisted path paved with rainbows, Wen Ji Pavilion that is in the flower bed side. In the southeast corner is a two-storey building of light color and characteristic design - White Garden Restaurant, which serves fresh fish meals and fish banquets in the lake every day. This continent is characterized by chrysanthemum, osmanthus and two beautiful, every autumn and October, the fragrance of osmanthus, refreshing; chrysanthemum flowers, fascinating, this scene is called "Liangzhou Autumn Chrysanthemum". This continent and the Nanjing Railway Station is only separated by a water, the lake has a boat can be reached, extremely convenient for foreign travelers.
Cuizhou--From Liangzhou to the east across the Cui Bridge to Cuizhou, the continent has an amphitheater, Cuizhou stage, Cuihong Hall and other buildings. Characterized by more trees and secluded, the giant umbrella-like cedar, pagoda-shaped pines and patches of bamboo, very quiet, is a paradise for couples, this scene is called "Cuizhou cloud trees. Now in the south of Xuqiao water imitation Dai style built a water village, the name "green ripples small salon". Composed of more than 20 small bamboo houses, between the houses are connected to the bamboo bridge, visitors sitting in the house or tea, or dinner, or chess, or singing, such as in the boat, the interest is unique. There are also red carp in the water for people to enjoy, a good place for leisure and vacation.
Lingshou - formerly known as Linzhou, around the continent to the east over the Ling Bridge can be reached Lingzhou, in the center of Xuanwu Lake, and Cuizhou north and south of the remote opposite. There is a zoo on the continent, the garden serves dozens of rare animals such as giant pandas, giraffes. The continent is close to Zhongshan Mountain, Zhongshan Mountain is like a swimming dragon, majestic, the top of the mountain is often purple and gold clouds and haze, from the Lingzhou viewing the ever-changing purple and gold clouds and haze, mysterious and unpredictable, so it is known as the "Lingzhou Mountain Mistletoe". From Linzhou to the south through the Taiwan Ling embankment can be from the Liberation Gate out of Xuanwu Lake.
Cherry Chau - is located in the embrace of the continent, "Cherry Chau Flower Sea" reputation. Cherry on the continent such as fire such as Xia, cherry blossoms dancing lightly, the promenade of nine twists and turns back and forth, the square green grass such as shade; tourists walking green waves in the sea of flowers, relaxed and happy, floating as if into the fairyland. However, who would have thought that the history of Xuanwu Lake had several different forms of "disappearance"? Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty, the implementation of the "waste of the lake back to the field", so that Lake Xuanwu disappeared for more than two hundred years; to the early Ming Dynasty, Xuanwu Lake has become a royal sanctuary ---- storage of the national household registration and tax all over the book of the yellow book library, although the world archives history of the great miracle, Xuanwu Lake has become a band of forbidden, isolated from the outside world for more than two hundred and sixty years; Sui and Tang Dynasty, the gradual decline of Xuanwu Lake. Xuanwu Lake gradually decline, once renamed. Put the spring grass bleak, empty after the lake moon, away from the Palace did not ancient mound, wave sighs on the continent Ying". Cherry Island on the 500-meter-long zigzag corridor, north of the corridor there is a Lama Temple, next to the temple has a seven-story pagoda, the tower is called "Nona". This continent is widely planted cherry trees, in recent years and introduced species of cherry blossoms, a wide range of species, every April on the continent a brilliant, a little wind and rain will fall Ying colorful, fascinating. This scene is called "cherry continent sea of flowers". In recent years, Xuanwu Lake Park has introduced many large-scale entertainment projects for tourists, such as Xuanwumen right is an area of 3,000 square meters of the Happy Valley, the field of horse taming, riding with cavalry veterans followed by protection, to ensure the safety of tourists. On the left side there is a lake sightseeing train to the north around the Liangzhou, Huanzhou, Cherry Chau, Lingzhou, directly to the Taiwan Ling embankment. There is also a golf club and a standard tennis court on the west side of the dike.
Xuanwu Lake Cuisine
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Specialties
Nanjing Plate Duck, Salt-water Duck, Crispy Beef Tenderloin, Dry Steamed Tengteng Bird, Stinky Gluten, Duck Egg Soup with Juyebae (Chrysanthemum Leaf), Boiled Eel Slices, Duck Blood Vermicelli Soup, Lion Head of Lion King's House
Snacks
Dried Shredded Shrimps, Sautéed Cakes, XiaoLongBuns, Ramen Noodles, Pancake, Onion Cake, and Tofu Flood, noodle dumplings in soup, vegetable buns, crispy oil biscuits, sweet bean paste buns, dried chicken noodle, spring rolls, roasted pancakes, beef soup, steamed dumplings in small cage, pressed noodles, crab roe noodles, long fish noodles, beef pot stickers, back to the dried marinated pork, marinated tea eggs, sugar congee lotus root, Yin's soup buns with chicken juice
Qinhuai Snacks
First masterpiece: Huangqiao baked pancakes and Kailaiyang dried silk in Yongheyuan Garden
Second masterpiece: Jiang Yuji's beef soup and beef pot stickers
Third best: tofu and scallion pancakes at Liufengjiu
Fourth best: duck oil crispy pancakes and assorted vegetable buns at Qifangge
Fifth best: sesame-oiled dried veggie threads and shredded chicken topped with noodles at Qifangge
Sixth best: osmanthus-flower-centered snacks and multicolored cakes at Lianhu Gao Duan Shop
Seventh best: smoked fish with silvery threads and thin-skinned dumplings at Zhan Yuan Noodle Shop
Seventh best: smoked fish and silver threads and thin-skinned dumplings at Junyuan Noodle House
This is the first time that I have seen the restaurant.
Eighth best: five-spice beans and five-spice eggs at Kui Guang Ge
Specialties
Flower-scented lotus root, cherries, shochu, watermelon in Lingshu Yuan, Zhang Xiaoquan's knife, Jinling's evil-doer, Jinling's gold foil, cloud brocade, rainbows
Tourist Information
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Tourist Route:
Entering Xuanwumen Gate to the Huanshou via Cuihong Causeway, you'll be greeted by the With international garden characteristics of the rockery waterfalls and strange peaks and stones, along the embankment northbound, there are children's paradise and "Guo Pu Pavilion", "Lama Temple" "Nona Tower" and a number of ancient buildings. Step into the Cherry Island, north of more than 300 meters long Cherry Island Promenade, and then east is the Halal Canteen (now changed to the Xuanwu Lake History and Culture Exhibition Hall). After the Fang Bridge to Liangzhou, stroll north along the Ivana restaurant instantly came to the Bonsai Museum, Bonsai House, parade deck, dozens of meters to the west of the Xuanwu Hall, where there is a boat dock: speedboat light boat directly across the Nanjing Railway Station Lakeshore Plaza; Winking Chicken Pavilion, the Lake God Temple, Copper Hook wells, etc., with a history of the building, stepping into the Cuizhou walk across the lake embankment, forward through the Lingzhou Bridge into the Linzhou, along the golf course, in order to view the Wumiao locks, Guanjing Xuan, square pavilion, the evil pack stone and other buildings.
Park transportation:
Nanjing Railway Station across the boat to Xuanwu Lake Park.
The public transportation can take No.1, No.3, No.8, No.15, No.22, No.26, No.30, No.33, No.35, No.38, No.52, No.56 and No.304. Xuanwu Lake is located near the train station, so public transportation to the vicinity of the train station is also available.
You will be able to see Xuanwu Lake when you leave the train station, so taking a taxi is not recommended. If you are traveling by car, you can consider taking a taxi, which starts at 8 yuan in Nanjing.
Ecological features
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Xuanwu Lake has reached a serious degree of eutrophication, is about to reach the abnormal organic pollution type of lake, the pollutants are chemical oxygen demand, biochemical depletion, oil, non-ionic ammonium, nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, a serious excess, low transparency, chlorophyll is high; the history of Xuanwu Lake abounds in fish, shrimp, rhombus, lotus root, aquatic resources are very rich. As Nanjing's "live fish bank", as early as the early 1970s, a large number of artificial freshwater aquaculture, fish production has increased year by year. At present, Xuanwu Lake artificial culture of fish species are silver carp, carp, crucian carp, bream, of which the silver carp accounted for 80% to 90%. 1988 production of 440t fisheries revenue accounted for 22.5% of the income of the whole lake. Since the early 80's, the lake has been dead fish phenomenon, with the acceleration of eutrophication process in Xuanwu Lake, dead fish phenomenon is also by the local lake to the gradual development of the whole lake.