The biggest festival among Mongolian people in a year is the annual festival equivalent to the Spring Festival of the Han nationality, also known as "Bai Yue". Legend has it that it is related to the whiteness of milk and contains the meaning of wishing good luck. The time of the festival roughly coincides with the Spring Festival. On New Year's Eve, every family eats hand-made meat, and also makes jiaozi and pancakes. On the morning of the first day of junior high school, the younger generation will offer a "farewell wine" to their elders.
In Xilin Gol League, besides the Chinese New Year Festival, the "Horse Milk Festival" is also celebrated every summer. Before the festival, every family should slaughter sheep to make mutton or lamb feast, and also squeeze horse milk to make wine. On the day of the festival, every herdsman's family will take out the best dairy products such as dried milk, cheese and milk tofu and put them on the plate to entertain guests. Koumiss is considered as a holy drink, dedicated to distinguished guests.
Nadam convention: held every summer and autumn during grazing leisure. "Nadam" means entertainment or games in Mongolian. The content includes wrestling, horse racing, archery, dancing, and material exchange. In addition, after liberation, many new contents have been added, such as track and field, ball games, cultural performances, photo exhibitions, film screenings, exchange of production experience, etc., which have become a favorite event of Mongolian people.
Luban Festival is a traditional festival of Mongolian people in Xicheng, Tonghai County, Yunnan Province. It is held every year on the second day of the fourth lunar month for one day. The Mongolian people who live here have learned building technology from other brothers. The houses they built are not only unique and beautiful in shape, but also durable, and are praised by people of all ethnic groups nearby. In order to commemorate and celebrate the achievements in civil construction, they designated the second day of the fourth lunar month as Luban Festival. On the day of the festival, the mud, wood and masons who go out to build will rush home to celebrate the festival, regardless of the distance. Every village has to kill pigs and sheep, and set up an opera. People also picked up the Luban statues carved from sandalwood, beat gongs and drums, and swam straight to the villages. Then, everyone gathered on the field to sing and dance. Their favorite dance is called "Dance Music". When jumping, young men are the first to lead. They embrace the leading ukulele and jump while playing. The crowd behind them is divided into two rows, sometimes in a circle and sometimes interspersed with each other. The formation is changeable, and the scene is very active.
Lantern Festival, on October 25th of the lunar calendar every year, when night falls, everyone lights butter lamps to celebrate. Nowadays, most Mongolians in Buksaier Mongolian Autonomous County and emin county have not celebrated the Lantern Festival; In Wusu County, Mongolians don't burn lanterns in many days during the Lantern Festival, and replace them with various forms of entertainment.
what are the traditional Mongolian festivals? There are many Mongolian festivals, such as Spring Festival (Bai Yue), Nadam, Horse Milk Festival, Aobao Festival, and the mausoleum of Genghis Khan. Among them, the Spring Festival and Nadam Convention are the most grand.
what are the famous Mongolian festivals
what are the Mongolian festivals and customs? The traditional Mongolian festivals mainly include the Lunar New Year, and the Mongolian language is "Chagan Saren", that is, the white moon. Mongolian New Year Festival is also called "White Festival" or "Bai Yue", which is closely related to the whiteness of milk. In addition, there are Nadam, Horse Milk Festival and so on.
an Aobao is also one. Aobao is Mongolian, meaning heap or bulge. One of the grand ceremonies of the Mongolian people. Aobao is usually located on high mountains or hills. It is a cone-shaped solid tower made of stones, with a long pole inserted at the top, animal hair horns and scripture cloth tied to the head, and a cushion stone burning cedarwood around it. Beside Aobao, there are branches full of whole sheep, koumiss, butter and cheese. When offering sacrifices to the handle, in ancient times, shaman wizards beat drums and chanted incantations, worshiping and praying; In modern times, lamas burn incense and light fires, and eulogize and recite scriptures. Herdsmen all around Aobao, turning from left to right three times, praying for God's blessing. Mongolian herders follow the primitive religious beliefs of their ancestors, thinking that the tall and majestic mountains will lead to heaven; The mountain is also the place where the imaginary gods live. Therefore, the worship of mountains and prayers to gods are expressed in the form of offering sacrifices to Aobao. There are many traditional Mongolian sacrificial activities, such as offering sacrifices to heaven, fire, ancestors and Aobao. Among them, offering sacrifices to Aobao is the most important sacrificial activity, and it is one of the manifestations of grassland people advocating natural thought. Xilin Gol League is a relatively well-preserved area for the historical remains of offering sacrifices to Aobao.
Etiquette and custom:
The Mongolian people always greet visitors, whether they are acquaintances or strangers, warmly when they meet: "He is a perfect match." (Well), then the host put his right hand on his chest, bowed slightly and invited the guests into the yurt. The whole family, old and young, sat around the guests and asked questions, as if they were at home.
Usually, after drinking milk tea, the generous host always puts sweet butter, milk skin, mellow milk wine, crispy fried fruit, fried rice, milk tea, cheese and "hand-grilled meat" with unique grassland flavor in front of the guests, and invites them to drink and feast. If the host pays special respect to the guests, he often puts the milk jug and hip flask on the top of Hada, and sometimes sings some welcome and friendly songs to persuade them to drink. When the guests take a drink, the host is particularly happy. When you meet a banquet, please invite special distinguished guests or festivals, and often set up a whole sheep mat. Mongolians call it "Wucha", and some call it "Xiusi" and "Buhuli". When guests say goodbye, they often send their families away, point out the way, and repeatedly say "Bai Yi Ritai!" Baiyi Day Taiwu Chareya (I hope we can meet again happily), "A Mu Day, Saiyin, Yaba!" Have a safe trip.
Xian Hada: Hada is a Tibetan transliteration. It is often used in welcoming, giving gifts, worshipping God, paying New Year greetings and celebrating to show respect and congratulations. This etiquette has a long history. According to Marco? As written in Polo's Travels, Mongolians "hold gifts made of gold, silver and jade together with white silk during the Chinese New Year holidays".
handing snuff bottles: it is an ancient custom of Mongolian people. As a guest in a yurt, the hospitable host often takes out a small pot as delicate as a porcelain bottle, which is a snuff bottle for the guests to smell. There are certain rules for handing snuff bottles. If you meet your peers, you should hand the pot with your right hand and exchange it with each other, or raise your hands slightly and bow to exchange it, then pour out a little snuff, wipe it on your nostrils with your fingers, smell the smoke and exchange it after you finish. If the elders and the younger generation meet, they should lean slightly, pass the pot with their right hand, and the younger generation will be crisp, take it with both hands, raise their hands and smell it, and then exchange it.
In the custom of Mongolian people, they ride horses and take buses to visit the herdsmen's homes. When approaching the yurt, you should ride slowly, so as not to disturb the herd. Before entering the yurt, you should put the whip and horse stick outside the door. If you bring them into the bag, it is regarded as disrespectful to the owner. After getting out of the yurt, don't get on the bus or get on the horse immediately. You have to walk for a while, and then get on the bus and get on the horse when the owner returns. As a guest in the bag, the host bends down to serve milk tea, and the guest should lean over to pick it up with both hands. The northwest corner of the bag is a place for offering Buddha. You can't stretch your feet to the northwest corner when sleeping. It is not advisable to use a cigarette bag or finger head. Do not touch the cooker with your feet, and do not roast your feet on the fire, otherwise it is equivalent to insulting the kitchen god. In the yurt, if there is a patient, a rope is tied to the left side of the door, and the head of the rope is buried underground, indicating that the host can't entertain guests, and visitors should not enter the door.
customs at the age of
The most important festival of the Mongolian people is the Chinese New Year. Generally, on the fifteenth day of the twelfth lunar month, people begin to make preparations for the Chinese New Year. On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, the whole family or relatives and friends get together to eat, entertain and send fire gods.
From the 3th day of the twelfth lunar month to the 5th day of the first month, it is the happiest days of the New Year. After the night falls on New Year's Eve, people gather in the home of the oldest person and begin to celebrate the "New Year's Eve" (feast ... > >
What are the unique festivals of the Mongolians? There are many Mongolian festivals, including Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Nadam Festival, Sacrifice/Hubei/Bo Festival, Cheng/Ji/Si/Khan Memorial Festival and so on.
1. Nadam
The "Nadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history in Mongolia, which plays an important role in the material life of the Mongolian people. The "Nadam" conference is held in July and August every year in the fat season of livestock. This is a cultural and sports entertainment conference held by people to celebrate the harvest. "Nadam" means entertainment or games in Mongolian. There are thrilling horse racing, wrestling, admirable archery, competitive chess and fascinating songs and dances at the Nadam Conference. Before the conference, men, women and children rode horses and wore festive costumes, regardless of the long distance, they all came to participate in the competition and visit. The first event of the conference is generally a wrestling competition, in which the wrestling hands and feet climb high into the boots, the broad satin wrestling pants are worn below, the "Zhao/De/Ge" (a kind of leather waistcoat) is worn on the top, and the colorful ornaments "Jiang/Ge" are around the neck, imitating the ancient knights striding around the field. Horse racing is also one of the important activities at the conference. At the beginning of the race, the riders lined up, each wearing a colored belt and a colored towel, full of youthful vitality. There are all kinds of colorful flags at the beginning and end of the horse race. When the horn blares, the riders fly on their saddles, whip their horses, and the red scarf flies like an arrow/arrow/arrow/hair. Those who reach the finish line first become the most praised athletes on the grassland. Archery competitions also attract many herders. Skillful people can hit every shot and win applause from the audience. The "Nadam" conference is also a fair for agricultural and animal husbandry materials. In addition to industrial and agricultural products, there are ethnic diets, such as beef and mutton and its smoked products, cheese, dried milk, cream, milk bumps, milk tofu and yogurt.
second, the mare's milk festival
the traditional Mongolian festival is named after drinking mare's milk wine as its main content. Popular in Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia and some pastoral areas in Erdos. Usually held in late August of the lunar calendar, the date is not fixed and lasts for one day. In order to celebrate the harvest and wish each other well, in addition to preparing enough kumiss, guests are also treated with "hand-grilled meat", and horse racing activities are held, folk singers are invited to sing greetings, and gifts are given to the old Mongolian doctors. It is said that the Nadam Festival originated from this.
third, burning/lighting/festival
Every year on October 25th of the lunar calendar, when night falls, every family lights/lights/cakes/oil/lights to celebrate. Most Mongolians in today's Hebu/Keke/Sai/Er/Mongolia Autonomous County and E/Min/County are no longer burning/lighting/festival; The Mongolians in Wusu City don't burn/light more than one day on the Lantern Festival, and replace it with various forms of entertainment. Entertainment The traditional Mongolian entertainment activities include horse racing, camel racing, wrestling, archery and shooting, tug-of-war, folk singers playing and singing, and Ma Touqin playing Jianger singing and folk dancing. The Mongolian dance in Turhut includes group dance, solo dance, duet dance between men and women, and dancing with songs, which shows the unique characteristics of grassland nationalities.
Fourth, Chinese New Year
Ancient Mongolians celebrated the Lunar New Year as the New Year. There are also white festivals or Bai Yue, which are closely related to the whiteness of milk. There are different opinions about the origin of Mongolian Spring Festival. First, according to the book "Answers to Questions and Answers in Black and White" written by Da Lai in May, 1227, Cheng Jisi Khan took the capital of Xixia and celebrated it with a feast, which was the first year of Mongolian calendar, and the stars and moons were known as the first month. The month of the stars is from December 16th to January 15th of the lunar calendar, which is one month different from that before and after the lunar calendar. The Mongolian calendar in Erdos area is based on Bai Yue, May and June. From this point of view, the first year of the Mongolian calendar should be April of the agricultural calendar. According to historical records, since the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongolians have accepted the calendar algorithm of the Han nationality, so the Mongolian Bai Yue coincides with the first month of the Spring Festival of the Han nationality. This is the origin of Mongolian Spring Festival. Near the end of the year, no matter in agricultural or pastoral areas, every household should set up lantern poles. By the year 3, we should clean the courtyard and do a good job in indoor hygiene. A small altar should be set in front of the Buddha, and the cooked chunks should be put ... > >
what are the Mongolian festivals? "Nadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history in Mongolia, which occupies an important position in the life of Mongolian people. The "Nadam" conference held in July and August every year in the fat season of livestock is a cultural and recreational conference held by people to celebrate the bumper harvest. "Nadam" means entertainment or games in Mongolian. There are thrilling horse racing and wrestling, admirable archery, competitive chess and fascinating singing and dancing at the Nadam Conference. Horse racing is also one of the important activities at the conference. At the beginning of the race, the riders lined up, each wearing a colored belt and a colored towel, full of youthful vitality. There are all kinds of colorful flags at the beginning and end of the horse race. When the horn blares, the riders fly on their saddles, whip their horses, and red scarves fly like arrows. Those who reach the finish line first become the most praised athletes on the grassland. Archery, wrestling and other competitions also attract many herders.
what special festivals do Mongolian people have? Mongolian festivals are mainly Spring Festival, offering sacrifices to Russia, Nadam Festival, Lantern Festival on October 25th, Genghis Khan Memorial Day and Luban Festival.
New Year (Chinese New Year) is the most solemn traditional festival of Mongolian people in Qinghai. Before the festival, men went out to buy new year's goods, while women prepared food. Every family was busy. At this time, if anyone's family is in trouble, the people in the neighborhood will help and never sit idly by. On New Year's Eve, people must go home, put on new clothes, worship the heavens and worship the earth, and then have a family reunion, eat mutton, drink wine and eat jiaozi. In the early morning of the first day, men and women are dressed up. Men first go to their parents' homes and the oldest people in the neighborhood to pay New Year greetings, and then say hello from house to house. Young people should kowtow and offer Hada to their elders when they pay New Year greetings. The elders will receive Hada and turn Hada in return. When accepting it, they must touch Hada's forehead and then stand up. The peers hold Hada and congratulate each other. The second day of school stays at home and doesn't go out. From the third day, men, women and children pay New Year greetings to each other and invite friends and neighbors to eat "New Year tea". Guests are welcome to use milk tea, wine, fried cakes, cakes, braised dishes, jiaozi, etc., and do not eat hand-grabbed meat. If the guest is full or refuses to return his rice bowl intentionally, the host will offer him a spoon. This is called spoon rice. At this time, the guests have to send out the bowls. It is interesting for young people or peers to play with each other like this. The New Year's Day on the grassland lasts until the 15th day of the first month.
"Sacrifice to Russia" is usually in the middle of July. It is an annual grassland festival for Mongolian herders. At the meeting, in addition to inviting living buddhas and lamas to chant Buddhist scriptures, offering sacrifices to mountain gods and praying for the safety of people and animals, entertainment activities such as horse riding, wrestling, archery, singing and dancing will also be held. In the past, the Mongolians around Qinghai Lake also held a grand "sacrifice to the sea" activity. At that time, three animals (whole cattle, sheep and pigs) were offered on the table, and then the sacrificial rites were read out. After the ceremony, everyone rushed to cut the sacrificed beef and mutton, and it was lucky to get it first and get more, which was called "grabbing the feast". At the meeting, horse racing and shooting competitions were also held.
Nadam Festival
The Mongolian people regard the day of the "Nadam Festival" as a grand festival, and hold a traditional Nadam Festival every year, usually in the autumn when livestock are fat. This is a cultural and sports entertainment conference held by people to celebrate the harvest. "Nadam" means entertainment or games in Mongolian.
On this day, Mongolian men and women, old and young, wear festive costumes, ride horses, participate in or watch horse racing, wrestling, archery, singing and dancing and other activities. The Mongolians in Liaoning, like the Han people, usually wear uniforms and casual clothes, but when they are in Nadam or other festivals, they wear Mongolian robes. Gong people like red, yellow and blue costumes, with five-color stripes on the shoulder collar and front, and red and green silk at the waist.