1, "Miluo Gothic"
Author: Zizhao
In China's many poets, the only one I have not touched properly is Qu Yuan.
Even though I don't miss the Dragon Boat Festival every year, and I can't stop eating the sweet and sticky dumplings every year, I've never read his works in detail, and I've even deliberately avoided them.
There are many reasons to avoid, at first, because of the difficult and obscure "Li Sao", language classes require the entire recitation of the pain is still fresh in my mind, and so far I think that students to overcome so far away from the ancient text is really a bit too strong, to the meaning of the text does not understand and difficult to produce the **** Ming is the biggest obstacle to the students to learn qu yuan;
The other reason, is that I have been in the finally
Another reason is that after I finally understood the first poet in Chinese history, his poems and life experiences are forever haunted by the bone-deep sadness that made me somewhat unable to accept Li Bai's romance after I had gotten used to reading it.
Qu Yuan's life was spent in the cynicism and suspicion of others, and it seems that China had many good reasons to ignore a poet at that particular time.
The rise of the lords, the struggle for supremacy, the killing and violence is the theme of that era. However, in the indifference of the swords and swordsmen, does not allow even a little bit of poetic splendor?
So let me just put down my initial impression and do some respectful listening to this great poet.
"The Nine Songs" should be considered Qu Yuan's most famous work, a poem based on a folk song for the gods, which has always been famous for its splendor and beauty in the history of Chinese literature, and which brought Qu Yuan's fame to the ears of King Huai of Chu. So Qu Yuan was made Zuodu and began his political career, when he was only in his early twenties.
A young man in his early twenties, a young man with unlimited talent, was bound to show his political talent. So in order to make the state of Chu rich and strong, Qu Yuan began to seek to change the law.
Qu Yuan's reforms were similar to those of Shang Yang's in many ways, advocating weakening the power of the old nobility and recognizing those who were wise and capable. We can guess the ending of this story even today; Qu Yuan's initiatives inevitably touched off the authority of the aristocracy, and so he was surrounded by rumors, alienated by King Huai, and sentenced to a spiritual exile.
This is where Guo Moruo's famous story of Zhang Yi's visit to Chu, who bribed Zheng Sheng and others to act as traitors and set Qu Yuan up, leads to his exile.
What I have written about Qu Yuan's exile is very simple, but what Qu Yuan himself went through was not simple. I believe that for Qu Yuan, the real pain was not the body that was driven away, but the loyalty that was banished.
I always think it is better for poets like Qu Yuan not to get involved in politics. Poets are too romantic, and politics is too realistic, and when you mess with reality with a romantic soul, your soul is bound to fall to pieces.
Qu Yuan has repeated the tragedy of most Chinese literati, who put their character as literati on the merciless politics, which can't give them the soil to grow, and so they end up bearing bitter and sad fruits.
Literary scholars, especially poets, derive all their life energy from the purest kind of romance. Because of romance, they walk the long distance of culture, drinking, singing, and reciting poetry in their drunken dreams. Of course, this requires living in a mildly flamboyant age.
But it is a pity that most of the literati in China since ancient times have been struggling in the upheaval all their lives, they have been wandering, they have suffered heavy blows again and again in the spirit, and in the imminent collapse of their lives, they tend to use their own remaining cultural strength to make the last resistance, only, the way is different.
What Qu Yuan chose to do, we all know. I think it was a day when the sky was also particularly gloomy. The waters of the Miluo River should have tumbled even more magnificently, for the sake of a noble cultural body that was about to perish.
In fact, Qu Yuan threw himself into the river the year after Chu's capital was destroyed. It is easy, then, to guess the mental torture Qu Yuan may have experienced during this year, hopelessness about the revival of his family and country, disillusionment about his political career, and doubts about the meaning of life, which were the three shackles that finally imprisoned his hopes.
As the first patriotic poet in China's history, Qu Yuan's cultural attainments and family spirit are enough to inspire admiration.
Although from the present point of view, Qu Yuan burdened with a lifetime of country in today's sense is not an independent country, but for future generations of people, what family and national enmity, what killings and conquests, in the face of such a great soul has been less important, we miss and has been guarded, is the monument of culture!
Yes, the power of culture is so strange, the maker of culture is also therefore strange, strange to so little understood by the world.
Reading Qu Yuan's works, many people will feel an aristocratic flavor from between the lines, a belong to the literati's conceit.
This kind of conceit would not have been understood in the state of Chu, which led to the same tragic situation of Qu Yuan and other Chinese literati:
An idealized literati is always ahead of his time in terms of ambition and life choices, and this kind of ahead of his time is based on culture, with vigorous creative energies and political aspirations as a means to fight against destiny in the tide of history.
When the struggle fails, or in the process of the struggle does not get the support it deserves, then the soft heart of the literati in any case can not support the pain of disillusionment of the ideal, to the destruction has become a necessity.
This kind of tragedy was unfortunately first staged in Qu Yuan, but Qu Yuan was only the starting point, and in the following thousands of years, millions of Chinese literati almost all went to this abyss, the cultural phenomenon of the deputation of officials by the Miluo River jump started, and finally became an important part of history.
This may be the reason why we are still honoring Qu Yuan to this day, for his concern for the people and the country, and his quest to find a way up and down the river, but also for the temperament and encounters he had with those literati***. In the prevalence of officialdom in ancient China, the existence of culture is both brilliant and pathetic, and those who created the culture of the distant back, their temperament is always worth remembering!
Qu Yuan's temperament is also the temperament of many literati. The most honorable thing about the Chinese literati is that they elevated their literary cultivation to a cultural personality, and one of the basic elements of such a cultural personality is their broad-mindedness and arduous length of life.
The era to which they were attached gave them a special length of life to experience the emotions of life, experience the thickness of life, and finally converted into words, which will continue to live in the oral tradition of future generations.
We honor such a singable cultural personality. In my earliest study of Li Sao, I once crudely defined Qu Yuan's final fate as foolish loyalty, and only now do I realize how ridiculous I was.
Like Qu Yuan's general cultural personality, in the political and literary contradictions can not be united, leaving, may only give the world a real answer - cultural temperament, can never give way to politics; cultural personality, always to the immortal state to complete standing.
In 278 B.C., on the bank of Miluo River, a song of mourning was sung. Sixty-two-year-old man resolute, perhaps, a little stop, look at their own creation of culture, so noble, unyielding. At the end of the day, no more regrets, and from then on quit the stage of politics, climbed to the pinnacle of culture ......
2, "the feelings of things to move, rhetoric to the feelings of hair"
Author: Baiyun Bookstore
Quyuan's greatness lies not only in his thoughts, but also in his poetic creations. What I think about most on this day of Dragon Boat Festival is Qu Yuan's "Ode to the Tangerine".
It was before I entered the university, I saw a book of "Selected Notes on Qu Yuan's Works" printed by Henan University (then Kaifeng Teachers' College), which was hand-carved and written in a very neat font, and contained several parts, including Li Sao, Nine Chapters, Heavenly Questions, Nine Songs, Divination, and The Fisherman.
I read everything in it at the time, and "Ode to Tangerine" became one of the pieces that is etched in my memory.
"Ode to a Tangerine" is one of Qu Yuan's early works (most of the other works are from the later period), and it is unique in terms of both mood and content, with optimism, cheerfulness, and disdain for everything prevailing throughout the poem.
More importantly, through his passionate praise of the tangerine tree, Qu Yuan used the technique of borrowing objects to symbolize his political ideals. In the history of Chinese literature, "Ode to the Tangerine" can be regarded as the originator of the ancient chant.
In depicting the image of the tangerine tree, it is said that it has "green leaves and vegetation, and is a delightful mixture", "green and yellow are mixed together, and the articles are rotten", and "the color of the essence is white inside, and the class is Rendao", which not only depicts the tangerine tree but also the political ideals of the people of China. This not only depicts the beauty of the vibrant external image of the orange tree, but also reflects his idea of promoting the virtuous and empowering the capable.
When portraying the character of the orange tree, it is said that it is "independent of the Su Shi, horizontal but not flowing", which praises the inner qualities of the orange and the lofty spirit, which is the temperament of the orange tree when it grows up, and also confirms the life of Qu Yuan.
"Independence without moving" is Qu Yuan's most valuable and rare ambition, which forms a unity with the thoughts of his later works. At the end of the poem, he expresses his desire to take the orange as a friend and a teacher: "I wish to be old and thankful, and to be friends with a long time" and "Although I am young, I can be a teacher". This, moreover, is the author's way of praising his own uprightness and selflessness, horizontal but not flowing spirit.
Throughout the poem, Qu Yuan's anthropomorphic praise of the orange tree is a model of aria. It is clearly structured, from the physical beauty of the object to its inner beauty; from the object to the person, the whole poem reaches an unprecedented level of thought, which truly embodies the principle of poetic creation: "feelings are moved by the object, and words are sent out by feelings".
There is no need to say much about the praise of Qu Yuan, but I just want to reflect on our poems by using Qu Yuan's poems.
I often read poems on "Good Mood", and there are some poems that I really don't agree with.
What is clear is written by the author in a confused way, and what can be expressed in a few sentences is pulled into a "long speech", completely losing the beauty of the poem's language condensation and subtlety, losing the poem's clear mood, and losing the thoughtfulness of the work.
Duanwu Festival, we miss Qu Yuan, can not only remember his jump Miluo River, only remember his "long way to go, I will go up and down and seek" of the late thought, for some literature lovers also remember his "Ode to an Orange", learn more about some of the aria writing, learn more about some of the essentials of writing poems, write more! The first thing that I want to do is to make sure that I have a good idea of what I'm talking about and what I'm talking about," he said.
3, hanging Qu Yuan text
Author: (two Han) Jia Yi
Yi for Changsha Wang Taifu, both to the banishment, the intention is not self-satisfaction; and the degree of the Xiangshui, for the assignment to hang Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a wise minister of Chu. Slandered and banished, he made the "Li Sao", and his final words were: "It's over! There is no one in the country, no one I know." He then threw himself into Miluo and died. YI after the injury, because of the self-metaphor, the words said:
Guaranteeing the favor Ruoxi, once the crime of Changsha; side heard the Qu Yuan Ruoxi, sunk himself in Miluo. The Xiangliu Ruoxi, Mr. Xiangliu; by the world reckless Ruoxi, is perished. Woe to you! The time is not auspicious. The luan and the phoenix are in flight, the owl is soaring. The door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door or window of the door.
The world says that Sui, Yi for the privy, said metatarsal, massage for clean; Mo Xie for blunt Ruoxi, lead knife for fish-spear. The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure what I'm talking about, but I'd like to say that I'm not sure what I'm talking about, and I'm not sure what I'm talking about. Teng driving strike cattle, horse and donkey; steed hanging two ears, service salt car Ruoxi. The first thing I want to do is to make sure that I have a good understanding of what I'm doing and how I'm doing it.
The message was: "It's over! The country is not I know Ruoxi, only one Yu its who say? The phoenix is drifting away, and it is leading itself away. Attacking the nine abyss of the divine dragon Ruoxi, abstruse deep dive to self-precious; transgressing the otter to the hidden place Ruoxi, the man is not from the shrimp and leech? The noble saint's divine virtue Ruoxi, far away from the turbulent world and self-hidden; so that the piebald steed can be tied and detained Ruoxi, is not the cloud different from the dog and goat?
Plenty of people have been away from this particular Ruoxi, but also the reason for the husband's son. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty. How can the ordinary dirtiness of a boat swallow a giant fish? The Acipenser of the river and lake will be controlled by the ants.
Translation:
Jia Yi, who had been the tai-fu of the king of Changsha, had already left the capital due to his banishment, and felt himself very unhappy; and when he crossed the Xiangshui River in a boat, he wrote a fugue to pay homage to Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a virtuous minister of Chu.
Suffering from slanderous accusations and banishment, he wrote the article "Li Sao", which ended with the words: "Forget it, there is no upright and virtuous person in the country, and no one understands me", and then he jumped into the Miluo River to commit suicide. Jia Yi I memorialized the sadness of this incident, using this as a metaphor for himself, the words of the article said:
Respectfully bear this wonderful favor ah, to Changsha to do the official. I heard on the way that Qu Yuan had committed suicide by sinking himself into the Miluo River. After arriving at the Xiangjiang River, I wrote an article and threw it into the river. I respectfully pay homage to Mr. Qu Yuan, who has suffered endless slander and even destroyed his own life.
Alas! I'm sorry! The times are not good. The luan bird and the phoenix are in hiding, but the owl soars high in the sky. The eunuchs and the ministers are honored and distinguished, and those who flatter and flatter with their slanderous words can be successful; the wise and capable ministers can't get a foothold, and those who are upright and decent are depressed and frustrated.
The world thinks that Bian Sui and Bo Yi are evil, but they think that Thieves and Metatarsals and Zhuang Mu are clean, and they think that the sword Mo Xie is dull, but the sword of lead is sharp.
Lamenting that ambitions cannot be realized, Qu Yuan, you are in trouble for no reason! This is like abandoning the Zhou Ding, but treating the tile pot as a treasure; riding and driving a tired ox, making a lame donkey a team of horses, instead of letting the steed struggle to drag the salt wagon; hats and crowns low on the bottom, but shoes and shoes high on the top; this kind of backward and perverse behavior will not last long.
It is unfortunate for you, sir, that you have met with such misfortune!
In short: forget it! There is not a single person in the whole country who understands me, and with whom can a man alone in sorrow and depression speak? The phoenix floated away to a high place, ah, he had planned to go far away.
Imitate the divine dragon in the abyss, and dive deep into the bottom of the abyss to protect yourself; abandon the otter and go into seclusion, how can you follow the toad and the leech and the earthworm?
What I consider precious is the divine virtue of the saints, to live in seclusion away from the polluted world; and if even a piebald steed can be fettered and bound, how can it be said that it is different from a dog or a sheep?
It is also your reason that you have suffered in such a chaotic world. Why do you need to stay in the capital when you can assist the ruler wherever you go?
The phoenix soars at a height of a thousand feet, and descends only when it sees the glory of the morality of the ruler, and flies far away when it sees the sign of danger in the vile man of virtue. How can the narrow ditch hold the huge fish that swallow the boat? The Acipenser and the Whale, which roam the rivers and lakes, will also be subject to the mole.
4. Hanging Qu Yuan
Author: (Tang) Liu Zongyuan
After Mr. Gai Thousand Sacrifices, I was again driven to Hunan. I am looking for Mr. Miluo, and I am looking for Gengruo to recommend him to the public. I would like to be a part of it, and I hope that it will be a good one.
Mr. Kennedy is not from the world, but from the road. The first thing I'd like to do is to get the best out of you, and I'm sure you'll be able to do it. The Chinese worm recommends the soil Ruoxi, into the imperial lamb sleeves. The female chicken is a bird and the male is a bird of prey. The wow-biting ring is a great help to the ears. The corvid's beak is a source of shame, and he burns the millet. I don't know how to avoid the prison, and I don't live in the palace. The sunken paintings are filthy, but they are as glorious as embroidery. The rafter is burning fiercely, and it is entertaining to laugh and dance. The querulousness of the slanderous trickery, confused as the salty pool.
They were frightened and ugly, more beautiful than Xi Shi. The first thing you need to do is to put down the jade and put it away. The first thing I'd like to do is to make sure that I have a good understanding of what I'm talking about and what I'm talking about.
What Mr. Ruoxi is doing, he is not going to be the one to do it, he is going to be the one to do it. But Zhongni's going to Lu Ruoxi, he said, "I'm late for my trip. Liu Xiahui's straight road Ruoxi, and where to and can be practiced. Today, the world's discussion of Fu Zi Ruoxi, said Hu stoic and Waisi. But the outstanding track of the people Ruoxi, solid backwardness of the doubt. I know that Mr. Wu's intolerance.
Standing and looking at its collapse Ruoxi, and not Mr. will. The poor and the rich have no choice but to obey the way of righteousness. The Shen Juan is not a ghost, nor is it a light. The color of the flowers and the flowers of the crocodile are hidden, but they are not fragrant for a long time.
The appearance of Mr. Ruoxi is unattainable, but it is still like his articles. The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure what I'm talking about, but I'd like to say that I'm not sure what I'm talking about. The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure what I'm talking about, but I'd like to say that I'm not sure what I'm talking about. Why squander the thunder and lightning? The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure what I'm talking about, but I'd like to say that I'm not sure what I'm talking about.
We are sorry to hear about the situation, but we are not sure what to do about it. The first is that it is not a good idea to have a good time, but it is a good idea to have a good time, and it is a good idea to have a good time. The first time I saw this, it was a very good thing I was able to get it right. The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure what I'm talking about, but I'd like to say that I'm not sure what I'm talking about.
I mourn the fact that I am now working for Ruoxi, and that I have to worry about whether or not the time is right. I am not afraid to eat the king's salary is not thick Ruoxi, mourning the position of the unchanging. I'm not sure if I've ever been in a situation where I've been in a position where I've been able to get a good deal on my own," he said. Both Yu Feng can not go Ruoxi, Mr. Huai can be forgotten.
Translation:
Today, more than a thousand years after the death of Mr. Today, I was once again banished by boat to the Xiangjiang River. I searched for the remains of Mr. Miluo on the banks of Miluo River, and picked Dugang Duruo to offer you the fragrance. I hope that you can understand my feelings of nostalgia for you in the darkness, so that I have the honor to pour out my heart to you.
You refused to submit to the world and followed only your own political views. The country is in a state of disrepair and turmoil, and you are encountering the world as if you had been seriously ill for a long time. You have thrown away your gowns, but you prefer to wear shoddy clothes with cuffs made of lambskin. The hens cackle, but the lonely rooster is bound.
The vulgar folk-songs are gathered around and enjoyed, but they cover their ears and do not want to listen to the elegant music of the temple. The head and beak of a poisonous bird are considered as good food, but the true food is burned and discarded. I do not know how to escape from the prison, but I do not want to live in the palace.
Hidden in sludge and lying in squalor, he is glorified as if he were wearing a gown embroidered with flowers. The rafters of the houses are burnt down, and the fires are burning, but they are dancing and rejoicing. And the noise of slanderous words is harsh to the ear, but they are enjoyed as the music of the past.
These are the most important things that you can do to make your life easier. The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money to pay for the services you need, and then you have to pay for the services you need.
Why is it that a man as admirable as Mr. Ah, still have to sharpen the needles and stones to heal the irredeemable wounds?
Just as Zhongni was forced to leave the state of Lu, but still reluctantly said, "Let me slowly leave this place. Liu Xiahui practiced the "Straight Path", but where could he realize his ideas?
Now people in the world are talking about Mr. Liu, saying why he is still concerned about the rise and fall of Chu after suffering so much.
The man of understanding is so brilliant and special that he is unimaginable to those who have little knowledge of the world.
I know that you will never do this. Standing on the sidelines and watching his country perish, this is even less of an ambition. Whether you are successful or not, your ambition remains unchanged, and you will always adhere to your ideals.
What's more, you are so loyal that you would rather die than be different. The jade that is buried in the water, who can say that it is dull? How can vanilla lose its fragrance over time, even though it has been stored away?
The appearance of Mr. Although I can not see ah, but read your article is still like seeing you. I can't stop the tears from flowing from my eyes as I hold your last work in my hands.
Why did you accuse the stars of being strange, and how could you save the country from collapse? Why do you drive the thunder ah, only because I hope to find your ideal in that vast universe. Your writings are so full of fantasy that the people of the world really think you are crazy.
Lamenting my heart's discontent, I was filled with anger and sadness. I think if you don't write these articles, how will the people of the next generation respect you?
Since the patriotic passion is stirring in your heart, you can't suppress it for long.
Why are you the only one whose heart burns with worry for your country?
I lament the fact that nowadays, who is an official, who puts the good and bad of the current political situation in his heart. I'm not sure if I'm enjoying the king's salary, but I'm just worried that I won't be able to make it to the top of the ladder in my official career.
Leaving the capital I was depressed and silent, because I could not realize what I wanted. Since this kind of meticulous and easy atmosphere can not be removed, ah, think of Mr. encounter my depressed mood can be temporarily cast aside.
5, Qu Yuan - facing the wind and rain of the singer
Author: Bao Pengshan
Qu Yuan, is a big book, we can let generations read but can not exhaust its meaning. The material existence of Qu Yuan died in 278 BC, but the spirit of Qu Yuan is growing forever, and more and more branches and leaves, fruitful, shade and nourish the spiritual home of our country and people.
Qu Yuan's masterpiece, Li Sao, is simply a rejection of the freedom of the scholar to be a man of the world and the freedom to abandon the world as if it were his own, and at the same time marks the establishment of another concept: "loyalty".
What is a little surprising is that the spirit of untamed individuality is particularly strong and prominent in such a man who expressed his loyalty to the monarchy. It is this paradoxical phenomenon that has led Qu Yuan to be affirmed by some and rejected by others in almost all times.
The sentences in Li Sao are filled with "fear," "too much breath," "sorrow," and "complaint." ...... Sao is also known as crying! Crying for time, crying for the shortness of life, crying for the inexhaustible pain and disillusionment in a short life.
Note that the "people" in his poem is "people", "people's livelihood" is "life", "people's heart" is "life", "people's heart" is "life", "people's heart" is "life", "people's heart" is "life", "people's heart" is "life". The "people's heart" is the "human heart." He began to start with "people". He began to express his anger and make demands from a "human" point of view, from a "human" standpoint.
We know that the anger in the Book of Songs is often a moral anger, a collective anger, while Qu Yuan's anger, though also supported by morality, is a personal anger.
Qu Yuan is very persistent in telling us the specific grievances he has suffered: the destruction of his political ideals, how King Huai of Chu betrayed him, how King Haxiang insulted him, and how Yin Zilan and Jin Shang slandered him. ......
From his poems, we read the emotions of life, the destiny of man, and what an unwilling individual feels. The dilemma of life felt by an individual who is unwilling to submit, the oppression and even persecution of a person who maintains a sense of individuality and independence.
If we say that the "Book of Songs" (《诗经》), which emphasizes on "happiness but not obscene, sorrow but not hurtful, and resentment but not angry", the poignancy of the feelings of the life has been greatly frustrated and a little slow.
Then, Qu Yuan, who was criticized by Ban Gu as "showing his talent and raising himself", "expresses his anger and emotion" (Chanting) and "complains about his own life" (Sima Qian) in his poems. The poem shows us how sharp and deep the individuality is when it is faced with unfairness and harm.
This sharpness, of course, is the cutting of society; but more importantly, it is the bloody peeling of one's own heart. A great personality rises from this blood.
"I have lamented the inappropriateness of my time", "I have covered up my tears with my tears, and I have dipped my lapel in the waves".
In "Li Sao", "Nine Chapters" and other works, we see a poet with tears streaming down his face; a poet who cried bitterly at times; a poet who faced the wind and rain and "expressed his indignation to express his feelings" and cursed the evils of the world; a poet who was emaciated in color, withered in description, and who walked along the banks of the river and cried with tears!
The poet's name is "The Pope"!
The secular spirit of the Book of Songs is remarkable, but on the other hand, this secular spirit precisely dissolves the significance of the individual and hinders the promotion of individuality. The depth of its worldliness reduces the depth of its individuality.
While Qu Yuan, in the face of destiny as a defeated individual, his personality in despair showed an unprecedented height, depth and perfection.
In ancient China, there were too few symphonies as magnificent as the Li Sao. In terms of length alone, it is the longest in the history of ancient Chinese poetry. As a lyric poem, it can unfold such a grand chapter that one cannot but marvel at the depth and breadth of Qu Yuan's own thought and individual spirit.
At the same time, we must also note its formal characteristics. It is because he set up his own plot, so that a lyric poem can be opened layer by layer like a narrative poem. A lyric poem with a "plot" is necessarily symbolic and metaphorical.
So symbolism and metaphor are also the main artistic techniques of Li Sao. Compared with the picaresque style of the Classic of Poetry, the systematic metaphor of Qu Yuan's "Vanilla Beauty" and the use of self-contained plots, such as going up to the sky and down to the earth, and the use of the woman's fortune-telling, are a great leap forward.
In any case, Qu Yuan was the first great poet in Chinese history. There are many authors in the Book of Songs, but I think the greatness of the Book of Songs is the greatness of the whole, and if you break it up, you can say that each poem is exquisite, artistic, and has its own personality, but it can never be said to be "great".
"Great poets" must have a great personality spirit, can nourish future generations; must have a great artistic creation, can be new and different, self-format, both exemplary of future generations, but also difficult to continue. It should be said that in these two points, Qu Yuan deserved.