After the wedding, the groom cannot live in the woman's home, so the bride usually leaves her mother's home to live in her husband's home. If the husband dies prematurely, the bride can remarry, but she cannot take her children with her and must leave them to be raised in her husband's family.
The Khang are not far from the Mang, but their customs are very different. All marriages among the Khang are arranged by parents or uncles. According to their ethnic customs, the first time a man's parents go to a girl's home to propose marriage, they have to bring her two chicks, a fat pig and a basket of rice as a gift. Thereafter, the boy has to come to the girl's home to live for a certain period of time, at least two years, and as long as twelve years in more cases, until the girl's parents agree to his marriage to their daughter. The boy must then again go to his in-laws' home with gifts, which include 50 kilograms of pork, four chicks, 5 kilograms of salt, 40 kilograms of rice, 20 bottles of wine and some money. The woman's parents must send their daughter to the groom's house to tell the groom and his family what the bride is capable of and her health condition. The bride then officially becomes a member of her husband's family and takes his surname.
Khua weddings
In the central region of Vietnam (Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thanh Tien-Hue provinces) live the Khua, another branch of the Mon-Khmer language group, who also have their own unique customs. When a boy and a girl agree to get married, they each ask their parents for advice. If there are no objections from either side, they are ready to celebrate the wedding. The wedding celebration is divided into two stages and two banquets are held.
First, the night before the wedding, some of the boys the groom is dating go to the bride's house and take the blushing bride to her fiancé's home. The next morning, the man sends two representatives to the bride's house to tell her parents that the bride is already at the groom's house. They also have to bring a sword and a string of glass beads to leave in the front room of the bride's house and are treated to a lunch.
On the third day, the bride's family is invited to the groom's house for the wedding feast. Then, the groom and bride return to the bride's home together with four chickens to officially announce their marriage to the bride's parents, relatives and friends. And the groom must stay at the bride's house for three days.
The above is the first stage of the wedding, which is basically the internal affairs of both families. The second stage is the wedding banquet to which the whole village is invited and which is prepared by both families **** together. But if the man's family is not particularly wealthy, they can also postpone the village-wide wedding banquet.
Bride snatching
Weddings of the Lo Lo ethnic group, who live in the mountainous regions of northern Vietnam, can only be held between the 10th and 15th day of each month of the lunar calendar. Young men and women of the Lo Lo ethnic group show their love in a very special way. They make a loudspeaker by threading bamboo tubes together, and the boy conveys a message to the girl he adores through the homemade loudspeaker, saying: "I love you very much, and I will open my heart to you. If you love me too, I will take you home to be my wife."
If the girl is also interested in the boy, she replies, "Don't you realize that I have been in love with you for a long time? But remember that your love should not be shown only in sweet words."
Thus the boy understood that the girl had agreed to his proposal and that he should go and prepare to marry his beloved girl.
Then some time later, the girl sneaks out of her house - it's all planned in advance - and her lover, together with a group of young men, "kidnaps" the girl to the boy's house, where they inform her parents about the situation. The parents.
Five days later, the man's parents came to the girl's house to propose marriage. If the girl's parents do not agree to the marriage, they are fined.
On the day of the wedding, the woman's side sends two representatives to the groom's house and presents a basket of sticky rice and a boiled rooster. Both the groom and the bride go outside the house to greet the two representatives and eat the rice and chicken together.
In Vietnam, different ethnic groups have their own wedding customs.
Vietnamese New Year customs: The Lunar New Year in Vietnam begins on the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year and the atmosphere of the New Year continues throughout the first month of the lunar calendar, which in Vietnamese folklore is the month of "eating, drinking and having fun". According to Vietnamese folklore, on the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, all gods on earth go back to heaven to report on the year's situation, and Mr. Zao, who is in charge of a family's life, also goes up to heaven to report on the year's situation of the family. Once Master Zaowang is gone, there is no god left to watch over the family, so this is the time to clean up and remodel some of the places in the house that are afraid to be moved in order to prepare for the New Year. This day is also known as the Day of the New Year. This is apparently the same origin as the Chinese folklore about Lord Zao. In order to send Master Zao on his way properly, so that he will have a high hand when he reports back, people go and release carp - Master Zao's mount.
After the removal, it is time to prepare the New Year's goods. The traditional contents of the New Year's goods can be seen in the folk song "Fat meat pickled buckwheat red couplets, tomato sticks cannonballs green rice dumplings". Nowadays, life is better, fat meat is not necessarily necessary, but buy a lot of meat to prepare for the New Year is still necessary. No matter how good life is, the pickled buckwheat is still on people's tables and has become a traditional symbol of the New Year. Although couplets are still bought, they are not as popular because the Chinese characters no longer have the status of an official script. The tomato pole is something that can't be missing as it absolves one of the calamities. As for setting off firecrackers, in 1995, the Vietnamese government abolished this traditional way of celebrating the New Year with a decree. In order to preserve the New Year's Eve atmosphere, the Vietnamese government organizes fireworks in the central squares of large and medium-sized cities every New Year's Eve. Nian Dumplings, on the other hand, are used to offer sacrifices to ancestors. Vietnamese rice dumplings are square, with one having about 1 kilogram, taking the meaning of the circle of heaven and earth.
There are three decorations that are indispensable during the Lunar New Year in the homes of the Vietnamese (Kinh) people: peach blossoms, kumquat bonsai and the "five-fruit bowl".
The peach blossom is a symbol of good luck and protection from evil in the minds of Vietnamese. Kumquat is taken to mean good luck. South of central Vietnam, there are no peach blossoms due to the climate, and yellow plum blossoms are usually substituted. As a decoration, it is not only found at home and in stores, but even placed in all organizations and units. At the same time, all organizations hang banners to welcome the New Year at the entrance, and temples and other places are no exception, as temples are the main place for Vietnamese people to celebrate the New Year. Literary units also organize performances on the streets on the evening of New Year's Eve to create a New Year's Eve atmosphere. As a legal holiday, Vietnamese Lunar New Year is celebrated with a 3-day vacation. Families place national flags in their homes, and building occupants place them outside their windows, creating a unique landscape.
The "Five Fruit Pots" are used to make offerings to ancestors. There are five kinds of fen lychee, coconut, banyan fruit, mango, etc. In Vietnamese, fen lychee sounds the same as "seek", coconut is the same as "Yu", banyan fruit is the same as "fill", mango is the same as "make", which is the same as "make", which is the same as "make", which is the same as "make". In the Chinese language, fen lychee sounds the same as "seek", coconut is the same as "yu", water banyan fruit is the same as "full" and mango is the same as "make", which means that we wish to have more money in every year, to be well-fed, and to have money to make endless.
On New Year's Day, Vietnamese people will travel thousands of kilometers to their homes just for the sake of the whole family to sit around, eat New Year's Eve dinner and observe the New Year's Eve together. When the old year is about to end and the new year is approaching, incense is set up to welcome the new year, which is called "Nien Phat". On New Year's Eve, Vietnamese people also have the custom of "asking for money". There are two kinds of custom: one is called "Cai Loc", usually when returning from the temple to pay homage to their ancestors, they pick a branch with green leaves to take home, which means to collect the blessings given by the gods of heaven and earth. The branch is then placed in front of the shrine at home until the leaves are withered. Another way is to bring back some fruits, also called "Lu", which can be distributed to friends and relatives as a way of spreading good fortune.
On the morning of the first day of the first day, every family should worship ancestors, but also to worship the land, Zaojun, the hundred arts master, offerings are not limited to how much, but generally have zongzi, braised fish, packaged meat ball, hot meat, pickled buckwheat, beef and so on. Offerings to worship finished, children to the elderly at home to pay homage to the New Year, the adults will give them New Year's money. For breakfast, families eat glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in reed leaves. A special feature is the "New Year's celebration". Vietnamese people attach great importance to the first person who comes to their house on the first day of the Lunar New Year. This person is called the "New Year's greeting" person. Many families ask a loyal, kind and lucky person to come to the house before the New Year to wish them good luck and good fortune in the New Year.
The first day of the Lunar New Year in Vietnam is also marked by many fascinating activities: singing and dancing, theater performances, dragon and lion dances, and the most distinctive activity is playing human chess. A Chinese chess board is drawn on the ground, and people holding wooden tiles (with rooks, knights, cannons, etc. engraved on the tiles corresponding to the pieces) sit in the middle of the field as pawns. When playing the game, the players are deployed and the bystanders are urged to move with the sound of drums, which is quite similar to the sands of jingo and iron horses and has a strong sense of reality, and is very popular among the Vietnamese people.
Taboos on the first day of the year is also quite a lot, such as: can not quarrel, can not speak foul language, can not borrow things, can not collect debts; and can not do farm work, otherwise it will alarm the land god, the crops will suffer; the first day of the year can not be swept, even if swept the ground can not be dumped garbage, we must wait for three days after the earth can be poured. On the second and third days, men who have established a family, if their parents are alive, must send New Year's greetings and gifts to their parents; if their parents have died, they should bring offerings to their eldest brother's house to pay homage to their parents' spirits. On the fourth day of the first month, people burn paper money and paper clothes to offer and send off their ancestors. On this day, families have to **** together and have another reunion meal. During the first month of the lunar calendar, Vietnamese people often engage in many activities, collectively known as "Tet" (spring viewing). There are daffodils, lanterns, opera, folk songs, temple worship and visits to places of interest.
Vietnam's ethnic minorities have their own specialties for the festival. For example, the Hmong people used to fire shotguns instead of firecrackers on New Year's Eve, burn incense and offer sacrifices at the stream before fetching water to cook New Year's Eve rice; offer sacrifices to their ancestors before eating New Year's Eve rice, and not drink soup after the meal, thinking that the soup will cause flooding of crops; during the Lunar New Year period, people from the whole village or several villages gather together to hold activities such as song races, national dances, and embroidery ball tossing.
Vietnamese living customs:Vietnamese housing, each ethnic group has its own characteristics. Vietnamese housing is generally earth bungalows or brick bungalows, housing is built directly on the ground, the roof is a herringbone frame. The layout of the house, the center for the hall, on both sides of the ear room. Ponds are often dug behind the houses. Most of the houses are built in front of courtyards with facilities such as wells, bathrooms and toilets. The eaves of the house is often placed in a row of water urns or repair water storage ponds, used to catch and store drinking rainwater. In front of and behind the house there are often a few betel trees. Inside the house, there is a wall in the center of the main room with an offering table for the ancestors.
It is common in rural areas to live in an earthen house or a bamboo house, covered with straw and with walls made of straw and mud. The front of the house usually has a window, which is glued with greaseproof paper, and the kitchen is usually adjacent to the livestock barn. The Tai, Dai, Nong, and Mang ethnic minorities generally live in bamboo and wooden houses with high ceilings, with people living upstairs and kitchens and poultry corrals downstairs.
The basic living unit of the Vietnamese is the village, with dozens or even hundreds of households forming a natural village, and bamboo clusters and coconut groves are the symbols of most villages. Most villages have ancestral halls or temples, where villagers gather on weekdays and celebrate festivals. Bamboo, coconut groves, betel nut trees and ancestral halls characterize the villages of the Vietnamese.