Shizishan culture
Shizishan culture, refers to the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Guangde County, Anhui Province, Hengshan as the center, throughout the Jianghuai and southeastern coastal areas, by the memory of the water hero Zhang Bo care for the people, disaster prevention and defense, and the spirit of courage and dedication and the formation of the government and the people of the **** prayer of the sacrificial culture, the Tang Xuanzong pardoned and sealed Hengshan for the Shizishan named. "The legend of Zhang Bo ruling the water", was included in the Guangde County intangible cultural heritage list.
Wu Culture
Early Guangde was a traditional Wu culture area. According to the county records, at the beginning of Jian'an, Sun Ce pacified the area east of Xuancheng, and Wu set up Guangde County by dividing the land of the former Place County. Although Guangde is located at the head of Wu and the tail of Chu, the district is mostly under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. From the end of the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, Guangde was basically under the control of local forces centered in Yangzhou (present-day Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province) and Jiankang (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province), despite the constant wars and turmoil. The Wu and Southern Tang regimes had sent envoys to the ancestral hall of Guangde's ancestral temple on many occasions to offer prayers.
In the 14th year of Yuan Zhizheng, Guangde Army was changed to Guangde Road, which belonged to Jiangzhe Xingzhongshu Province. In the 16th year of Yuan Zhizheng, Zhu Yuanzhang changed Guangde Road to Guangxingfu (soon renamed Guangdefu), belonging to Jiangnan Xingzhongshu Province. At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Guangxingfu was changed to Guangde Zhili Prefecture. Therefore, from the geopolitical point of view, the early Guangde should be the area where Wu culture dominated. The origin of the early Wu culture in Guangde can also be seen in the Wu Nong dialect of the natives of Ganxigou in Guangde. Another factor is the rise and spread of the Zishan culture.
Ming Dynasty Xu Yingqiu "Yu Zhitang talk Aloe" said "Lei's cloth drum, Deng's ghost market, the Divine debt of Heyuan Diqiu, Guangde Zishan's buried, it is called the world's four different, non-delusional rumors also." It can be seen, the ancestral mountain culture from Wuyue, flourished in Guangde, and spread in the land of Wuyue. Ancestral mountain culture, both with the typical characteristics of Wu culture, but also the development of Wu culture is an extreme.
Hui Culture
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Hui Culture gradually became the mainstream culture of Guangde:
Ancestral halls, which began in Huizhou, are the high materialization of humanistic thoughts in Huizhou, the carrier of feudal patriarchal system, the symbol of clan right and autonomy, and the most basic habitat of Huizhou people. The ancestral hall culture of Huizhou, together with the pagoda culture and genealogy culture, formed the three pillars supporting the feudal patriarchal system of autonomy. Since the Song Dynasty, Huizhou culture was brought into Guangde by Huizhou merchants. With the development of Huizhou merchants in Guangde, the patriarchal autonomy system was also brought to Guangde. Through the efforts of dozens of generations and hundreds of years, the Huizhou culture, in the form of subtle influence, through the continuous impact and fusion with the local culture of Guangde, from the initial mutual exclusion to the later mutual tolerance. After the development of the Ming Dynasty, Hui culture has dominated the Guangde area. From the surviving Fan Clan Ancestral Hall of Fengqiao Da Fan Village and the Chen Clan Ancestral Hall of Oath Festival Lutang, we can not only see the essence of Huizhou architectural art, but also the physical form of patriarchal autonomy - the management mode of the ancestral hall.
Pai Fang, as a representative of the Huizhou school of architectural art, has survived in Guangde, which also reflects the acceptance and belonging to the Huizhou culture of the ancient Guangde people from one side.
The genealogical culture is similar to that of the pagodas, and the genealogies of the many clans and surnames that have been preserved in Guangde also reflect the influential role of Hui culture.
Immigrant Culture
Modern Guangde culture is essentially a diverse immigrant culture, characterized by inclusiveness. In the half-century between the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Guangde gradually formed a multicultural structure dominated by the Central Plains culture brought by immigrants from Henan Province and the West Chu culture brought by immigrants from Hubei Province, with immigrants from Guangshan County in Henan Province being the most numerous.
At first, this immigrant culture existed in a relatively closed form, forming a cultural cut-off phenomenon based on villages and towns. However, after half a century of efforts by two generations, the natives of Guangde and immigrants from all over the world have strengthened various cultural exchanges between different religions, customs, education, ethics and morals through marriage, trade, production and community activities. Through the exchanges, various cultures have been able to promote their strengths and avoid their weaknesses, and have taken the best of what they have to offer, thus forming a mutually tolerant immigrant culture with regional characteristics.
Siho ground stirrups play, Siho ground stirrups play, also known as the "ground flower drum play", the ground stalls play, is prevalent in the Siho Geng Village, Jiao Village, Hongxia Village, the Ya Song piece and the Lishan area of a folk opera, is not required to perform on the stage of the square performance form. Because it is not subject to site and time constraints and other advantages, so by the majority of the people's favorite. 2010 April, Sihodi flower-drum opera by the Xuancheng Municipal People's Government, Xuancheng City, Culture, Radio, Television and Press and Publication Bureau of the "municipal intangible cultural heritage," the title.
The dry boat of Tongyao Village is also called dragon boat and color boat. It is a folkloric amusement in China. The most famous dry boat in Guangde County is the dry boat of Tongyao Village in Baiqiao Village (formerly belonging to Gaohu Township), Taosu Township. The dry boat originated in the early thirties of last century, and has a history of more than ninety years.
Guangde four best, is in the territory of Anhui Guangde County, four specialties, they are: Yangtan Township, the territory of the "imperial table delicacies Tonghua fish", Hengshan National Forest Park, "rare bird delicious Hengshan pheasant", Lu Village Township, "the treasure of the mountains, the treasure of the pheasant", "the treasure of the mountains". The "precious mountain bamboo shoots" in Lucun Township, and the "rare sand river turtle" in Oath Festival Township.
Guangde world's first fresh, Guangde County's world's first fresh is just need to smell its fragrance can make people salivate. Instead, the world's best fresh food is a delicacy that comes unintentionally. It is a soup dish that you can judge whether it is authentic or not by the sense of smell. It is a flavor that is exclusive to Guangde. People's Education Hall
Guangde County People's Education Hall was founded in the Republic of China in 13 years (1924), the museum site in the west side of the Temple of Literature (now the People's Square West). 25 years to move to the West Street, Zhenwu Temple (now the northern end of the Zenggu Road). The following year, the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, renamed the mobile teaching mission. 32 years, called back to the popular education hall, the museum is located in the southwest township of Chongfa Temple. Its main activity is to carry out civilian education, with a word inquiry office, newspaper reading office, library, etc.. Before and after the war, has organized ball games, chess, singing, baby health, free car (bicycle) competitions and small amateur performances, and held "anti-Japanese national picture exhibition", "national goods and enemy goods exhibition", etc. At the end of 34, the people's education hall closed.
Cultural Center
County Cultural Center was built in February 1950, the site is located in North Street. Initially known as the Guangde County People's Education Center, the following year was renamed the County Cultural Center. 1957 moved to the new site of the South Second Street (now Taosu Road). 1969 January, the County Cultural Section, Cultural Center, Xinhua Bookstore and other units were merged to establish the "Mao Zedong Thought Propaganda Society". Once the cultural center and Taosu theater merged. 1978 after the restoration of the original establishment of cadres, employees increased year by year. 1987 the end of the year, there are cadres, employees more than 20 people, set up administrative, publicity, arts and culture 3 groups.
Districts, townships (townships) cultural stations in 1953, the county's nine districts each with a cultural station. Since then, with the adjustment of the administrative division of the change, in 1956, only set up swearing festival, Park pad, Qiu village 3 cultural halls. 1958 "people's communalization", in addition to the city of Guan, and then set up five communal cultural station, in 1962, the original communal cultural station upgraded to the district level station, renamed the center of the station. 1975, the station are newly built office buildings, increased personnel, cultural and arts groups, and the station is the first of its kind.
In 1975, the stations were newly constructed office buildings, increased personnel, equipment. 1976 May, began to test the community office-assisted cultural stations. 1986 county has township office-assisted cultural stations 23, of which the brick bridge cultural station built a two-story building 1, with books, amusement, video screening room. 1987 end of the year, the whole county **** there are 28 townships (towns) cultural stations, personnel 36 people.
Library
Guangde County Library's predecessor is the county library reading room, the original collection of 4,500 books. 1981 and the cultural center separate, separate museum, with 150 square meters of premises, management personnel 4 people. Later, the staff, collection, equipment increased year by year. 1987 end, there are 12 staff, collection of more than 45300 books, including 1852 books of ancient books, periodicals and newspapers more than 330 kinds. The number of readers has increased from a few hundred per month at the beginning of the establishment of the library to more than 2,000.
Archives
November 1958, the *** Guangde County Committee and the County People's Committee Archives merged to form the Guangde County Archives, there are two full-time cadres. 1963 November, Guangde County Archives Management Section was established, and the county archives within the public, an organization, two plates. After the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution", the abolition of institutions, personnel decentralization. 1973 July restoration of the County Archives. 1980 November set up Guangde County Records Bureau, is still co-located with the County Archives. 1987 the end of the year, there are 296.5 square meters of storage, 8 personnel, the collection of archives, 85 files, all kinds of archives, information counts 27,121 volumes (books). Among them, 12925 volumes of paper files, science and technology files 135 volumes, 2676 volumes of specialized files, 11385 volumes of information. For a long time, the archives were for internal use only. After a comprehensive organization, part of the open to the community. 1980 ~ 1987 for people from all walks of life to provide credentials and data more than 1.7 million volumes. 1987 County Archives was named the province's advanced unit of archival work. Da Sheng Pagoda
Located in Taoshan Town, north of Yingchun Street, the Northern Song Dynasty Taiping Xingguo four years (979) was built. Initially for the five-story six-door brick tower. Song Yuanfu two years (1099) December 27th night "for fire". Yuanfu three years (1100) to Chongning four years (1105) in June, by the Song Rong, Song Zong brothers led the repair for the seven-stage Fudu. After several repairs, Qing Guangxu twenty-six years (1900) by fire, eaves, floor, tower top into ashes, only the brick tower body. 1956 November, the people's government of anhui province announced as a provincial key cultural relics protection units. 1984 July, by the state cultural relics bureau grants remodeling, in 1986 April full restoration. Now the tower height of 42 meters, base circumference of 26.4 meters, seven levels of six doors, hexagonal eaves. Overlay iron pot type tower roof, eaves are paved with green-gray simple tile, magnificent shape. Tower side still exists in the Tang Dynasty, an ancient well and the Ming Dynasty planted a ginkgo tree.
Shongfa Temple
Located in Siho Township, Hongchong Village, Geng Village, the north bank of the river. According to the historical records: the temple was built in the Tang ZhenGuan (627 ~ 649), said in the Tang Tian 衤 right in the middle (904 ~ 907), and later generations of many repairs. The original temple has three halls, arranged in a central axis, one into the west side of the playhouse, the back of the hall has been destroyed, now exists in the middle of the Buddha Hall and the forward heavenly king hall, the existing building by the national heritage bureau and the nanjing institute of engineering expert appraisal, the main body of its structure for the ming dynasty. 1983 June, the people's government of the county announced for the county key cultural relics protection unit.
Security Temple
Also known as Chongfu Temple, is located in brick bridge township Chenjabian security mountain. Tang Tianbao seven years (748) built, then destroyed, the Ming Dynasty repair. Qing Kangxi sixty years (1721), Qianlong twenty-five years (1760) repair, Xianfeng ten years (1860) war and destroyed. Tongzhi (1862 ~ 1874) to repair the main hall, Guangxu eighteen years (1892) and then repair. The temple was originally three into two yards, in the middle and back into the demolition in 1968. Only the front hall, a typical Qing Dynasty building, is now used as a residence.
Qiaotou Village Theater Building
Located in Qiaotou Village, Ganxi, Lu Village, the date of construction is unknown. Before the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution, there were still ancestral temples and watchtowers, and the theater combined into a group. Existing floor area of 86.4 square meters, the stage is paved with wooden planks, the stage is 2.2 meters above the ground, the mouth of the stage is 2.74 meters wide, 3.43 meters deep, an area of about 20 square meters, the overall structure of the Ming frame lifting beams, wall frame through the bucket type, the current floor and part of the beams and frames have been decayed, the overall surface is still present.
Chen's ancestral hall
Located in the oath section of the town of lutang village, left, the ancestral hall inscription records the Department of the Ming Wanli eighteen years (1590) repair, brick and wood structure, three into two courtyard, a total area of 668.5 square meters. Has not been overhauled, still basically intact. Fan's ancestral hall was originally called Fan Gong Ancestral Hall, also known as Wenzheng Hall, for the worship of the famous minister of the Song Dynasty, Fan Wenzheng Gong Zhongyan's ancestral temple. Located in Fan Village, Fengqiao Township, brick and wood structure. The original two into a courtyard, covers an area of 512 square meters. A pair of stone lions outside the door. Existing back 5, an area of 123 square meters, basically intact. The shrine Song Shaoxing nine years (1139) was first built, Ming Jingtai three years (1452) remodeling, the main body for the Ming Dynasty building. The genealogy of the Fan Clan says that it was built by the descendants of the second son of Duke Wenzheng, Chunren. Provincial level
Guangde Folk Song, Anhui Root Carving, Mingde Folding Fan.
County
The first batch of county-level intangible cultural heritages: the legend of Zhang Bo's water treatment, the horse lanterns in Xiyu of Pakchu, the lion dance in Dongting, the production technique of Zhang Fu's chopper in Pakchu, the production technique of Guangde's green tea, the wood-pressing technique of the mulberry plantation in Ongjie, the traditional pottery production technique of Yanggang in Ongjie, the traditional preparation technique of the cooler mat in Lutang of Qiu Village, and the temple fair of Zishuang Mountain in Guangde.
The second batch of county-level intangible cultural heritage: shadow puppetry, the legend of Liu Wenjing and Lingshan Temple, the legend of Taogu Labyrinth, the legend of Dongting Lake, the legend of "three mountains without seeing the mountains", Gaomiao Rice Wine, the Ganxi Dialect, and the Yiqi Chess.
The third batch of county-level intangible cultural heritage: Qingshidun (lamp), Langbujie (Xiguan Street) legend, Jianping bamboo basket weaving, Dawang dragon lanterns, Haifeng papermaking, Hengchong dry boat (lamp), Dafei Jinlong (lamp), Qiu villagers song (Cheshui bugle and gripping rice-planting bugle), the north of the boat lanterns weaving and tying, Lao Crow Mountain boring sauce curd production, the legend of the Taiji cave, Geng village bamboo weaving, Dabanlong, the legend of the Niangniang stone, Renhe bamboo weaving. The story of the village of Geng, Dabanlong, the legend of Niangniangshi, Renhe bamboo weaving.