The origin of New Year's Day
"Yuan" has the meaning of the beginning, and "Dan" refers to the time of daybreak, but also refers to the daytime. New Year's Day is the first day of the year. The word "New Year's Day" first came from the poem "Jie Ya" by Xiao Ziyun of Liang in the Southern Dynasty: "The four airs are new on New Year's Day, and all life is at the beginning of this day." Song Dynasty Wu Zimu "Meng Liang Record" Volume 1 "first month" entry: "the first day of the first month, known as New Year's Day, commonly known as New Year's Day.
China's successive generations of New Year's Day of the month is not consistent. Xia dynasty in the first day of the first month, the Shang dynasty in the first day of December, the Zhou dynasty in the first day of November, Qin Shi Huang united the six countries, and the first day of October for the New Year's Day, and since then the successive generations have not been changed ("Records of the Grand Historian"). The first year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Sima Qian created the "Tai Chu Calendar", which is the first day of the first month of the New Year's Day, and the same provisions of the Xia Dynasty, so it is also known as the "Xia Calendar", has been used until the Xinhai Revolution. The establishment of the Republic of China, Dr. Sun Yat-sen in order to "line Xiazheng, so along with the agricultural time; from the Western calendar, so that the statistics", the first day of the first month (New Year's Day) for the Spring Festival, and to the Western calendar (Gregorian calendar) on January 1 for the New Year.
In contemporary times, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the year in the AD calendar. Since the introduction of the Western calendar into China, the term New Year's Day has been used exclusively for New Year's Day, while the traditional old calendar year is called Spring Festival.
Before that, New Year's Day had always referred to the first day of the lunar year. Yuan is the "first" "beginning" meaning, Dan refers to the "day", YuanDan together that is "the initial day", also is the first day of the year. Is the first day of the year. September 27, 1949, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the first plenary session of the resolution: "the Chinese people *** and the state chronology using the AD chronology", that is, what we call the solar calendar, in order to distinguish between the lunar calendar and the solar calendar two New Year, but also in view of the twenty-four seasons of the lunar calendar. "Spring" just before and after the lunar New Year, so the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar was renamed the "Spring Festival", the first day of January in the solar calendar as "New Year's Day", so far, New Year's Day has become the national people's The first day of January on the solar calendar was designated as "New Year's Day".
Celebrating the beginning of the New Year and celebrating New Year's Day can be said to be a common custom in all countries and regions of the world. In our country, it is also included as a national holiday. China and most of the countries and regions of the world to adopt the Gregorian calendar, the January 1 as the beginning of the new year, called "New Year's Day".
Because countries around the world are located in different longitudinal positions, the time of day is also different, so the "New Year's Day" date is also different. For example, Tonga, an island nation in Oceania, is located on the western side of the Sunset Line, which is the first place in the world where the day begins and the first country to celebrate New Year's Day. And is located on the eastern side of the Japanese border of Western Samoa is the world's latest start of the new day place. By the Gregorian calendar, we are the 12th country in the world to start the New Year.
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The origin of New Year's Day
"Yuan" has the meaning of the beginning, and "Dan" refers to the time of daybreak. the time of daybreak, also commonly referred to as daytime. New Year's Day is the first day of the year." The term "New Year's Day" first came from a poem by Xiao Ziyun (萧子云), a native of the Southern Dynasties, which reads, "The new New Year's Day is the first day of the year, and the first day of all life is the present day." In the Song Dynasty, Wu Zimu (吳自牧), "Mengliang Records" (梦梁錄), Volume 1, "New Year's Day": "The first day of the first month is called New Year's Day, and is commonly known as New Year's Day. This is the first of the year's festivals." Han Dynasty Cui Yuan "three hairpin inscription" called "Yuanzheng"; the Jin Dynasty Yu expound "Yang Du Fu" called "yuan Chen"; the Northern Qi Dynasty, a "yuan will be enjoying the song of the Royal Summer Rhetoric" in the call for "yuan Chun"; the Tang Dynasty Emperor Li Shi, "the New Year's Day, retreating from the court to watch the military battles to return to the camp," a poem, called the "yuan solstice". Historically, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the first month of the summer calendar (lunar calendar, lunar calendar). There are different dialects in the Chinese language, called "Dainianchuyi", called "Daitianchuyi", called "the first day of the year", generally called "the first day of the first month". China's successive New Year's Day of the month is not consistent. Xia dynasty in the first day of the first month, the Shang dynasty in the first day of December, the Zhou dynasty in the first day of November, Qin Shihuang united the six countries, and the first day of October for the New Year's Day, and since then the successive generations have not been changed ("Records of the Grand Historian"). The first year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Sima Qian created the "Tai Chu Calendar", which is the first day of the first month of the New Year's Day, and the same provisions of the Xia Dynasty, so it is also known as the "Xia Calendar", has been used until the Xinhai Revolution. The establishment of the Republic of China, Dr. Sun Yat-sen in order to "line Xiazheng, so along with the farming season; from the Western calendar, so the statistics", the first day of the first month (New Year's Day) for the Spring Festival, and the Western calendar January 1 for the New Year.
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1, the origin of New Year's Day
Yuan has the beginning of the meaning of the day, Dan refers to the time of the day, but also refers to the daytime. New Year's Day is the first day of the year. New Year's Day is the first day of the year. The word "New Year's Day" first came from Xiao Ziyun's poem "Jieya" in the Southern Dynasty: "The new New Year's Day is the first day of the year," he said. Song Dynasty Wu Zimu "Meng Liang Record" Volume 1 entry for the first month: the first day of the first month of the first day of the month, known as New Year's Day, commonly known as New Year's. The first year of the festival sequence, this is the first day of the year. This is the first of the year's festivals. ; han dynasty cuiwon "three children hairpin inscription" called yuan is; jin dynasty yu expan "yandu fugu" called yuan chen; north qi a "yuan will enjoy the song royal summer rhetoric" in the call for yuan chun; tang de zong li shi "the yuan day to retreat to watch the military battles to return to the camp" poem is called yuan shuo. Historically, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the first month of the summer calendar (lunar calendar, lunar calendar). In the Chinese dialects around the world there are different ways to call, there is called the first day of the year, there is called the first day of the day, there is called the first day of the year, and generally also called the first day of the first month.
China's successive generations of New Year's Day of the month is not consistent. Xia dynasty in the first day of the first month, the Shang dynasty in the first day of December, the Zhou dynasty in the first day of November, Qin Shihuang united the six countries, and the first day of October for New Year's Day, and since then successive generations have not been changed ("Records of the Grand Historian"). When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in the first year of Tai Chu, Sima Qian created the Tai Chu Calendar, which is again the first day of the first month of the New Year's Day, and the same provisions of the Xia Dynasty, so it is also known as the Xia Calendar, which has been used until the Xinhai Revolution. The establishment of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen in order to line Xiazheng, so along with the agricultural time; from the Western calendar, so they are statistics, set the first day of the first month (New Year's Day) for the Spring Festival, while the Western calendar January 1 for the New Year.
2, New Year's Day customs
Thailand
The traditional Thai New Year's Day, that is, "Songkran" ("Songkran" is the translation of the Sanskrit language), also known as the "Festival of Water", is the first day of the calendar year. "The festival is held from the 13th to the 16th of each year on the Gregorian calendar. During the festival, people carry or carry a huge Buddha statue out, Buddha statue followed by a float, the car stood in makeup "Songkran goddess", groups of young men and women, dressed in brightly colored national costumes, beating long drums, singing and dancing. On both sides of the road where the procession passes by, good men and women walk along the road, using silver bowls filled with water soaked with shells and oozing with spices, splashing them onto the Buddha statues and the "Songkran Goddess," praying for a happy New Year and good weather, then people splash water on each other, wishing their elders a long and healthy life, wishing their relatives and friends a lucky New Year, and unmarried young people, men and women, use water to splash the "Songkran Goddess. Unmarried young men and women, then splash water to show their love for each other. On the first day of the New Year, Thai people put a basin of water on the window sill and the door, and all families go to the rivers in the countryside to take a New Year's bath. In order to celebrate the New Year, the Thai people held in the scale of the "Elephant Race Conference", the contents of: human elephant tug-of-war, jumping elephants to pick up things, elephant across the human body, elephant soccer, the ancient Elephant Formation show, and so on. It is very exciting and moving.
Japan
Japanese people attach special importance to the New Year, every year on December 29 - January 3 for the national vacation. The Japanese call December 31st "Daikichi", or New Year's Eve. On the night of New Year's Eve, the Japanese call it "New Year's Eve", and on New Year's Eve, they pray to the gods for blessings to send away the troubles of the old year and usher in a beautiful new year, which is called "Hatsu Atsui". At midnight on New Year's Eve, temples in cities and towns ring 108 bells to drive away evil, while Japanese people sit quietly and listen to the "New Year's Eve bells," the sound of which signals the arrival of the New Year. People then leave their seats and go to bed, hoping to get a good dream. On the morning of New Year's Day, family members sit together and tell each other the dreams they had on New Year's Eve, in order to measure the good and bad luck. The Japanese call the first day of New Year's Day "Shoichi", and the 1st - 3rd days "Sangaichi". On the first day of the New Year, the younger generation must first go to their parents to pay homage to their parents, greet their parents, and then go to the home of friends and relatives to pay homage to the New Year, the New Year is also a "food" festival, people of all countries to eat their own national food to pray for good luck. In Japan, on the day of the "main day", breakfast is very rich, eating sugar carrots, buckwheat noodles, etc., and drinking tsukudani. Thereafter, for three days in a row, they eat vegetarian, as a sign of piety, and pray for good luck in the coming year. Now most Japanese townspeople have given up New Year's vegetarian uniform habit, instead of "New Year's Eve" to eat a meal of hollow noodles, in order to wish in the new year, health and longevity.
Egypt and
Egypt is an ancient civilization, 40 BC, the Egyptians were able to observe the stars, they found that Sirius and the sun rose together, the Nile River immediately rose. Egypt to the Nile River rise this day as the beginning of the New Year, called "rising water New Year". The Egyptian Kluts greeted the New Year by placing a table at the door with seven or eight plates of soybeans, lentils, alfalfa and wheat grains, as well as small shoots of green plants, which symbolized abundance. The more things were offered to the gods, the greater the harvest of the New Year. The Egyptian New Year falls in the fall, because agricultural production in Egypt begins in the fall.
India
India from October 31 every year for the New Year **** 5 days, the fourth day for New Year's Day. On the first day of the New Year, no one is allowed to be angry with anyone, much less lose their temper. Some areas of India, the morning of New Year's Day, families crying, everyone's face with tears, they to the passing of the years, life is short, with crying to welcome the New Year, is the lament of life. Some areas of the people to fast for a day and a night to meet the new year, from the early morning of New Year's Day until midnight. Because of this strange custom, India's New Year's Day is known as "crying New Year's Day", "fasting New Year's Day". Indians in the New Year's Day before 5 days, all over the Indian epic "Ramayana", (meaning the procession of the Rama), played the epic hero and paper giants "combat", "hero" trigger fire arrow, paper giants will be in the audience's cheers! Before New Year's Eve, every house is decorated with beautiful pictures. On the morning of New Year's Day, people carry small refined lamps and red powder packets, and go out to pay New Year's greetings to the elderly and their friends and relatives. After meeting and saying goodbye, they put red powder on each other's foreheads to show good luck and happiness. Young people put red ink into the water gun, shot to friends and relatives, known as "sprinkle red", said auspicious. Indian young people like to meet in the New Year, regardless of familiarity, hand-to-hand combat. The onlookers called the wind to help the wind, often become the object of the girl's pursuit. Indigenous peoples of central India Bohil people, in celebration of the New Year, in the playground in the erection of a smooth and thick wooden pole, the top of the pole with a small bag of gifts, the girls holding the Harvest Bamboo pole to try to thwart to the pole to climb to the boy Wei Zi, the boys are under the pole into a circle, efforts to defend the girls on the pole-climber's attack until the pole-climber to capture the small bag until the victory.
Korea
Korea, like China, has the uniform custom of putting up windowpane and peach symbols on New Year's Day. During the New Year, every household in North Korea puts up couplets and New Year's drawings. Some people put the portrait of the god of longevity or a fairy on the door to pray for heaven's blessing, drive away ghosts and give happiness. At dawn on New Year's Day, people stuffed some banknotes into the scarecrows pre-tied on New Year's Eve and threw them to the crossroads to send away evil and welcome the lucky star. At dusk, people also burn the hair of the whole family that has fallen off during the year, wishing the family peace in all seasons. On New Year's Day, Korean women wear new clothes. On New Year's Day, young girls wear a kind of hemp hat called "Boksang" and colorful clothes with floral patterns, and have a swinging competition. They take a tree flower as the target, see who first kicked or bit to win. There is also a competition in which copper bells are hung on a high place and the winner is the one who rings them first. During the New Year, in addition to enjoying fine wine and food, Koreans must also make a kind of glutinous rice with pine nuts, chestnut powder, date paste and honey, etc., steamed into a sweet rice similar to our country's eight treasures to eat, in order to herald the prosperity of the family days as sweet as honey.
SINGAPORE
Singapore
On New Year's Day, you get up early and get your "red packet" (New Year's money) from your elders. There is a lion and dragon dance team formed by an organization that performs along the streets on New Year's Day. Men, women and children dress up in costumes and bring gifts to visit friends and relatives. On New Year's Day, people love to eat sweet rice cakes made of fried glutinous rice and brown sugar.
Britain
In Britain, the New Year's Day in the Gregorian calendar is not as grand as Christmas, but on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day, according to local customs and habits to carry out a variety of celebratory activities to show that the old to welcome the new. British late at night on New Year's Eve, often with cakes and wine to visit, they do not knock on the door, went straight into the home of friends and relatives. According to the British custom, after New Year's Eve, the first person to step into the house, heralding the luck of the new year. If the first guest is a dark-haired man, or a happy, happy and wealthy person, the host will be lucky all year round. If the first guest is a woman with light yellow hair, or a sad, poor, unfortunate person, the host will have bad luck in the new year, and will encounter difficulties and disasters. New Year's Eve in the home of friends and relatives as guests, before talking to the fireplace fire, to rattle, bless the host "open the door to good luck". Most of the New Year celebrations in Britain are held on New Year's Eve, and the "New Year's Eve Banquet" is one of them, which is divided into two categories: "Family Banquet" and "Group Banquet". The banquet usually starts at 8:00 p.m. on New Year's Eve and ends at midnight on New Year's Day. Various kinds of wine, food and snacks are provided for people to drink all night long. At midnight, people turn on their radios and listen to the New Year's bells of the church bells. When the bells ring, people are in a state of jubilation, raising their glasses to toast, cheering, and singing "Daylight of the Past". The "New Year's Eve Ball" is another celebration. By local inns and dances, the night falls. People dressed in festive costumes, from all directions to these brilliantly decorated and lighted dance floor, dancing in the beautiful music, thousands of people, but also gathered to the various squares, around the center of the square's fountains and Eros elephant, singing and dancing, and enjoy the revelry. Television stations also do live broadcast in the square, so that the people in the home "to observe the New Year" also **** enjoy the joy.
Germany
Germany's New Year is celebrated for a week. During this period, every family should put a fir tree and the horizontal tree, between the leaves of the tree tied full of silk flowers, indicating that the flowers like brocade, spring full of people. The Germans climb into their chairs at midnight on New Year's Eve, moments before the New Year's Eve, and when the bell rings, they jump out of their chairs and throw a heavy object behind the back of the chair to show that they are shaking off the scourge and jumping into the New Year. Children form bands, dress in new clothes, carry harmoniums and accordions, and parade through the streets playing. Adults are holding colorful flags, followed by shouting and singing, celebrating the New Year, the German women in the New Year to improvise a family theme of comedy sketches. In Germany, there is a New Year's custom in the countryside - "tree-climbing competition", the young men along the bare tree race to climb high, the first place is known as "New Year's hero" to show that the The first place is called the "New Year's hero" to show that you are on your way to a higher level of success.
Iran
Iran follows the Islamic calendar, which has irregular seasons and months. In Iran, to celebrate the New Year is to celebrate the arrival of spring, often in late March of the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Day to be celebrated for a week, people flocked to the streets to build a "bonfire" - "night fire", and then the whole family in turn from the night fire jumping to and fro, indicating that the burning of the The whole family then jumps on the fire in order to burn away the "bad luck" and usher in the light to drive away evil spirits and diseases, and happiness will last forever. New Year's Eve to eat "seven dishes", the name of each dish should start with the letter "S", for good luck. From the first to the third day of the New Year, people visit friends and relatives to wish each other a happy Spring Festival. On the last day of the New Year, the whole family goes on a trek to avoid evil.
France
Celebrating New Year's Day with alcohol, people start drinking from New Year's Eve until January 3rd. The French believe that the weather on New Year's Day is a sign of the new year. Early in the morning on New Year's Day, they went out on the street to look at the wind to divine: blowing the south wind, the omen of wind and rain, the year will be safe and hot; blowing the west wind, there is a fishing and milking of the harvest; blowing the east wind, the fruit will be high yield; blowing the north wind, it is the year of the poor harvest.