"The great wind rises and the clouds fly, the mighty add the sea and return to their hometowns, and the fierce warriors who guard the four directions!" Liu Bang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, came out of Pengcheng and became the first emperor of the cloth in Chinese history. Since the Han Dynasty to the present, Pengcheng has gone through the vicissitudes of change, rich historical and cultural heritage.
Four thousand years of civilization has left Xuzhou a large number of cultural heritages and scenic spots, which are like bright stars hanging diagonally in the dome of history. In particular, the "three greats of the Han Dynasty" - Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Han Tomb, Han Picture Stone as the representative of the culture of the two Han Dynasty is the most eye-catching, focusing on the extraordinary creativity of the ancients and the depth of wisdom, great artistic appreciation and archaeological value. Xuzhou has now found nearly 30 complete portrait stone tombs, scattered about 400 pieces of Han portrait stone, and Nanjing's Six Dynasties stone carvings, Suzhou, Ming and Qing gardens, and known as "Jiangsu three treasures". As the birthplace of Han culture, Xuzhou will also organize the Han Culture International Tourism Festival in early October every year. Xuzhou is a world-famous war city, with the ancient battlefield of JiuLiShan and the new relics of HuaiHai Battle. And the Yunlong Mountain Water, Quanshan Forest Park as the center of the scenic area both north and south of the beauty of Xiongxiu, beauty like Xizi, show than the South, making Xuzhou a unique and excellent scenic tourist attractions.
The culture of the two Han dynasties in Xuzhou
"Qin and Tang dynasties in Xi'an, Ming and Qing dynasties in Beijing, and the two Han dynasties in Xuzhou". During the 400 years of the two Han dynasties, Xuzhou **** had 13 Chu kings and 5 Pengcheng kings. The city is surrounded by Han tombs, and more than 200 Han tombs have been unearthed and excavated, all of which are the tombs of the princes, lords and relatives of the two Han dynasties. The rich and valuable cultural heritage of the Han Dynasty is rare in China. The Han tombs with different structures, the vivid Han portrait stones and the exquisite Han terracotta warriors and horses are known as the "three best things of the Han Dynasty". 1995 the excavation of the "Tomb of the King of Chu in Lion Mountain" was honored as one of the ten most important archaeological discoveries in China and one of the 100 major archaeological discoveries in China in the twentieth century. One of the major archaeological discoveries of the 20th century in China, the tomb unearthed jade coffins, gold and jade coats, for the world's rare treasures, breathtaking.
Han cultural sites are also everywhere here. The tomb of Liu Jiao, the king of Chu in the Western Han Dynasty, the tomb of Liu Zhu, the king of Xiang of Chu in Turtle Mountain, the tomb of Liu Yu, the king of Chu in Wolu Mountain, and the tomb of Liu Yanshou, the king of Chu in Dongdong Mountain, all of them were built by using the mountain as a mausoleum, sloping to cut passages, and constructing underground palaces, which formed a huge group of underground palaces. In addition to Fengxian Han Huangzu Mausoleum, Xuzhou, there are Zhang Liang圮桥受书处和子房山, Xiang Yu's theater horse platform, Fan Zeng tomb, Liu Bang's sword drawing spring, Surabaya Pavilion, etc., the Han cultural relics are numerous.
"Look at Beijing for the culture of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Xi'an for the culture of Sui and Tang Dynasties, and Xuzhou for the culture of two Han Dynasties". This is China's current popularity of a cultural traveler's **** knowledge. It can be seen that Xuzhou is a famous city of Chinese history and culture.
Xuzhou, is the hometown of Han Gaozu Liu Bang, is also the place of his birth. After Xiang Yu sealed Liu Bang as the king of Han in April 206 BC, after more than four years of Chu-Han War, Liu Bang performed the emperor's rites in Dingtao in October 202 BC, and was first capitalized in Luoyang, and then migrated to Chang'an. At this time, the powerful Han Dynasty responded to the ancient Roman Empire in the West and became the most powerful empire in the world at that time.
Two Han four hundred years, Xuzhou **** thirteen Chu kings, five Pengcheng king, there should be eighteen king's mausoleum tomb burials, in fact, not only that, the Eastern Han Dynasty, in the current Xuzhou administrative area was also divided into a Xiapi country, there are four Xiapi king transmitting. The tombs of these kings were as magnificent as underground palaces, and the treasures and savings of the state treasury that the kings preferred during their lifetime were all filled in the tombs. Xuzhou Han tombs in the king's tomb burials, constitute the Xuzhou two Han culture of the "three best" one.
Xuzhou Han Dynasty eighteen mausoleums by archaeology of the North Cave Hill, the second generation of Chu King's Tomb, Lion Hill, the third generation of Chu King's Mausoleum, the pack of blue mountains, the fourth (five) generation of Chu King's Mausoleum, Turtle Hill, the sixth generation of Chu King's Tomb, the eighth generation of Chu King's Mausoleum in the Dong Dongdong Mountain, Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty, Pangcheng King's Mausoleum. Xuzhou Western Han Dynasty Chu King's Tomb is more representative than the North Cave Mountain Chu King's Tomb, Turtle Mountain Chu King's Tomb and Lion Mountain Chu King's Tomb. With "fine", "strange" and "male" each leading the way. Known as one of the three best Xuzhou culture Lion Rock Terracotta Warriors and horses, not only a large number, but also a wide variety, showing a wealth of content: there are long-sleeved robes of officials terracotta, conical cap holding a weapon of the guard terracotta, the long armament of the braided terracotta, foot boots and hold the crossbow bow of the armored warrior terracotta and so on more than ten kinds of. Lion Rock Terracotta Warriors and Horses is not only the art treasures of the Han Dynasty, but also the historical testimony of Xuzhou as a military town, not only for the study of the Han Dynasty sculpture art of high value, for the study of the Han Dynasty social and sexual life, the funeral system, the military system of the battlefield all have the same value.
Cliff-hole tombs were popular in Xuzhou during the Western Han Dynasty, and during the Eastern Han Dynasty, the shape of the tombs changed, and the prevalent ones were Han portrait stone tombs. Han portrait stone is the Han Dynasty people carved in the tomb room, auditorium carved murals. Han portrait stone carving occupies an important position in the history of Chinese art. Xuzhou is one of the centralized distribution places of Han pictorial stones in China. At present, more than 700 Han pictorial stones have been unearthed in Xuzhou, and more than 500 of them are collected in Xuzhou Han Pictorial Stone Art Museum. Xu Han portrait stone with Suzhou gardens, Nanjing six dynasties tomb stone carvings, and known as "Jiangsu cultural relics three treasures". In addition to Han tombs, Han figurines, Han paintings, Xuzhou's fine artifacts of the two Han dynasties are also unique in China's two Han cultures, attracting people's attention, more than 220 pieces of colorful figurines unearthed in the tomb of the king of Chu in Beidongshan; iron armor, jade coffins, jade panthers unearthed in the tomb of the king of Chu in Shishan; crystal belt fishing, silver seals of Liu Zhizhi excavated in the tomb of the king of Chu in Xiaotueshan, silver stranded jade clothes excavated from the tomb of the volcano Han; gilded animal inkstone excavated from the tomb of the Han in Tushan; copper bull lamps excavated from the tomb of the Han in Liulou of Suining, etc. Precious copper ox lamps excavated from the tomb of the Han in Suining, etc. Copper ox lamps unearthed in Suining's Liu Lou Han Tomb and other precious relics are all national treasures.
Xuzhou's Han Tomb is one of the "three best" of the two Han cultures
Xuzhou*** has thirteen Chu kings and five Pengcheng kings. According to the Han Dynasty burial system, the vassal king after death are to be buried in their own country, Xuzhou area should have eighteen king's mausoleum tomb burial, in fact, not only that, the Eastern Han Dynasty, in the current Xuzhou administrative area has also been divided into a state of Xiapi, there are four Xiapi King transmutation delivery. The tombs of these kings were as magnificent as underground palaces, and the treasures and savings of the state treasury that the kings preferred during their lifetime were all filled in the tombs. Xuzhou Han tombs in the king's tomb burials, constitute the Xuzhou two Han culture of the "three best" one.
Xuzhou Han Dynasty eighteen mausoleums by the end of the archaeological North Cave Hill, the second generation of Chu King's tomb, Lion Hill, the third generation of Chu King's mausoleum, Pack Blue Hill, the fourth (five) generation of Chu King's mausoleum, the sixth generation of the Chu King's Tomb Turtle Hill, East Cave Hill, the eighth generation of Chu King's mausoleum, the Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty, such as the King's Mausoleum of Pangcheng, the King's Mausoleum of the magnificent scale, different shapes, and **** the same point is to imitate the ground Chu King's palace mold. "Matters of death as matters of life", the life of the possessed and need, in the netherworld of the house should be complete.
Turtle Mountain Han Tomb: Located in the western foot of Turtle Mountain in the territory of JiuLiShan Economic Development Zone in XuZhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, it is the husband and wife's joint tomb of the sixth generation of the Western Han Dynasty King of Chu, King Xiang, King Liu Note (i.e., located in the year 128 B.C. - the year 116 B.C.). The tomb is two side-by-side and connected husband-and-wife tombs, of which the south is the tomb of King Liu Zhu of Chu, and the north is the tomb of his wife, and both tombs are in the horizontal hole cliff cave style. The opening of the tomb is at the western foot of Turtle Mountain, in the shape of a trumpet, consisting of two tomb passages, two canals, and fifteen chambers, which are excavated by hand. The two canals are blocked by 26 pieces of stone plugs in two layers, each layer of 13 pieces, each piece of stone plugs weighing 6-7 tons. There are fifteen chambers in the tomb, which are connected with each other, with matching sizes and clear division into major and minor ones. Turtle Mountain Han Tomb is characterized by its "strange", canals, tombs, all built in the mountain, east and west full-length 83.5 meters, the widest north and south of up to 32 meters, *** there are 14 chambers, with a total area of more than 500 square meters, almost hollowing out the entire mountain, the most peculiar is the two juxtaposed canals full-length 56 meters, with a modern laser! Directional measurement technology, the error rate is only one or two centimeters. This tomb is a huge project, majestic, is rare in the world, China is one of the best.
Lion Mountain Chu King's Tomb: located in the eastern suburbs of Xuzhou, Lion Mountain, southern foothills, chiseled stone for the room, through the mountain for the hide, the tomb is embedded in the belly of the mountain up to more than 100 meters deep. Its huge scale, grandeur, peculiar architectural structure, all breathtaking, caused a sensation at home and abroad. The tomb unearthed more than two thousand pieces (sets) of various kinds of precious cultural relics, including gold, silver, copper, iron, jade, stone, pottery and other textures, among which there is no lack of artistic treasures of the city and the country, such as the carved dragon jade Juan, the stringed jade ring, the carved jade earrings, chi dragons and tigers in jade ornaments, jade lacquer coffins, copper flat pots and so on, all of them are the first time to discover the domestic archaeology, and the especially precious is that the scientific workers, based on the Chu King's bones left in the royal tomb, have succeeded in restoring the image of the king of Chu for the first time for the first time for the first time for the first time for the first time for the first time for the second time for two thousand years. One hundred years ago, a generation of Chu king's image. Lion Mountain Chu King Mausoleum is characterized by its "male", although it is also cut into the mountain for the tomb, but in the tunnel at the front end of the cut up to dozens of meters high patio, patio from the waist of the vertical split down, giving a person the feeling of extraordinary temperament. The tomb of the King of Chu in Lion Mountain is sitting in the north and facing the south, chiseling stone for the burial, through the mountain for hiding, the entrance is on the sunny slope in the south of the mountain, and its main chamber has been y embedded in the cavity of the main peak of the mountain, with a total length of 117 meters in the north and south, a width of 13.2 meters in the east and west, a total area of more than 850 square meters, and the amount of chiseled stone of more than 5,100 cubic meters, consisting of the outer tomb way, inner tomb way, the patio, the canopies, the ear room and the tomb room, the unique form of the grave and the rigorous The unique shape of the tomb and the rigorous architectural structure perfectly reflect the spirit of the two Han dynasties, which is rough, majestic, expansive and transcendent.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Xuzhou's Two Han Culture
In December 1984, a chance meeting took place in Xuzhou. A chance opportunity, in the eastern suburbs of Xuzhou City, the western foot of the Lion Mountain found a group of Han Dynasty terracotta warriors and horses, archaeologists then carried out a comprehensive excavation, unveiled this sleep in the underground more than 2,000 years of the mystery of the army of the Chu and Han Dynasty.
Lion Mountain Terracotta Warriors and Horses, located 400 meters west of the mausoleum of the king of Chu, is an integral part of the mausoleum of the king of Chu, symbolizing the troops of the mausoleum of the king of Weiwu Chu. Not only a large number, but also a wide variety, showing a rich content: there are bo sleeve long robe officials terracotta, crown conical cap holding weapons of the guard terracotta, the long armament of the hair braid terracotta, foot boots and hold crossbow negative bow armor terracotta and so on more than ten kinds of terracotta. Lion Rock Terracotta Warriors and Horses is not only the art treasures of the Han Dynasty, but also the historical testimony of Xuzhou as a military town, not only for the study of the Han Dynasty sculpture art of high value, for the study of the Han Dynasty social and sexual life, the funeral system, the military system of the battlefield all have the same value.
Xuzhou two Han culture "three greats" of the Han portrait stone
Han portrait stone is the Han Dynasty (BC206-AD220) people carved in the tombs, ancestral halls with a distinctive theme of decorative stone carvings. It vividly depicts the canons, clothing, food, housing, and myths of the Han society; reflects the attachment of people to life at that time, and hinders sacrifices after death; demonstrates the high artistic standard of people two thousand years ago; and reproduces the high civilization of material and spiritual culture of the Han Dynasty. Han portrait stone is the most representative of the Han culture works of art, is the Chinese nation's art treasury in the bright pearl.
Xuzhou is one of the centralized distribution of Chinese Han portrait stone, Xuzhou Han portrait stone art museum is a collection, display, research Han portrait stone thematic museum. Covering an area of 10,000 square meters, the collection of more than 350 pieces of rare Han portrait stone, by the contemporary art master Mr. Li Keran inscription of the Museum, in October 1, 1989 was completed and opened.
Xuzhou Han portrait of a wide range of subjects, rich in content, reflecting the real life of the subject matter of the car and horse travel, on the Bo than the martial arts, dance and acrobatics, welcome guests, cooking and drinking, architectural figures, men and women weaving, etc.; reflecting the mythological story of the content of Fuxi, Nuwa, Emperor Yan, Emperor Huangdi, the Eastern King Gong, Queen Mother of the West, the Golden Crow in the sun, the Jade Rabbit in the moon, etc., indicating auspicious motifs are the Blue Dragon, the White Tiger, the Vermilion Bird, Xuanwu, unicorn, nine-tailed fox, two dragons through the jade, crosses through the ring and so on. Xuzhou Han portrait stone in the ox plowing map, textile map, nine Shi figure, welcome to the guest map, a hundred plays and eight-meter-long scroll escort prisoner map, can be called art treasures, the treasure of the museum.
Xuzhou Han portrait stone carving deep and powerful, simple and concise painting style, has a high artistic appreciation value. Carving technique has a negative line carving, shallow relief carving two kinds. Line carving is delicate and true, there is a feminine beauty, relief carving is majestic and robust, there is the beauty of masculinity. Feminine and masculine, reflecting the basic elements of traditional Chinese beauty. Xuzhou Han portrait stone art is characterized by a close composition, exaggerated appropriate, in the form of God, showing a certain degree of creativity.
The rich content of Xuzhou Han Portrait Stones realistically reproduces all aspects of politics, economy, culture and beliefs of the Han Dynasty; the exquisite carvings make it occupy an important position in Chinese art. Visiting Xuzhou Han Portrait Stone Art Museum is like being in a magnificent historical gallery, which can bring you enlightenment of knowledge and enjoyment of art. Conclusion
"Good place is not easy to know, when there is a visitor to know", Xuzhou two Han cultural landscape there are many other historical sites left behind, such as Juggling Horse Terrace, Surabaya Pavilion, Bajing Building, Song Fengtai, Battling Sword Spring, Zifang Ancestral Hall, Wangling Mother's Tomb, and so on, each attraction, there is a moving historical story, reminiscent of the smoke and winds of the Chu Han War. Each attraction has a touching historical story, reminding people of the smoke and wind of the war between Chu and Han. The autumn wind of the high platform of the Jockey Stage can make you see the majestic wind of the king of Chu, Xiang Yu, who is "strong and powerful"; the ancient monument of the wind song of the Song of the Wind Stage can make you appreciate the ancient song of Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han, who sang "the great wind rises up in the clouds"; the morning bell and evening drum of the Zifang Ancestral Hall will make you realize the meaning of "Zhang Liang's blowjob disperses the clouds". The morning bell and evening drum of Zifang Ancestral Hall will make you think of the legend of "Zhang Liang's blowjob dispersed the Chu soldiers". All of these, Xuzhou's two Han culture added a few mysterious colors. A historian said at a seminar on China's famous historical and cultural cities, "A city like Xuzhou, with such a rich content of the two Han cultures, is unique among China's famous historical cities."
"The culture of the two Han dynasties is a true reflection of Xuzhou".
Related Attractions: Han Culture Scenic Spots Xuzhou Museum Xuzhou Han City Xuzhou Playing Horse Terrace Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Tomb of the King of Chu at Lion Hill Han Painting Stone Art Museum Han Tomb at Turtle Hill Ancient Battlefield in front of JiuLiShan
Shanshui City
Yunlong Hill
Yunlong Lake
QuanShan National Forest Park
War City
War Memorial Pagoda of Huaihai Battle
War City
War Memorial Pagoda of Huaihai Battle
Xuzhou Folklore
Commonly known as the "Five Buildings", the Bawang Building, Pengzulou Building, Huanglou, Kuilou, and Yanzilou, represent the traditional cultural characteristics of Xuzhou. Tube Mountain, Xinghua Temple and its stone Buddha on Yunlong Mountain, Baiyun Cave on JiuLi Mountain, Jiamatai on Tube Mountain, as well as ancient buildings, modern cultural relics and revolutionary relics, such as Qianlong's Palace, Xinghua Temple, Temple of Literature, QuanJin PaiFang, PengZu Ancestral Hall, Daodai NgaMen, WuYalu's former residence, GuoLeShan's former residence, have all received the attention of the government and have been preserved.
Cultural Festivals
Han Culture International Tourism Festival
Han Culture International Tourism Festival, held in Xuzhou City in October every year, is a large-scale event with many contents. During the festival, you can see the large square antique cultural ceremony performance "Han Palace Ceremony" and Han music, Han dance, Han folklore performances, visit the exhibition of fine artifacts unearthed in the Han Dynasty, Xuzhou Folk Crafts Exhibition, and go to the Pei County Han City to view the large-scale antique cultural ceremony performance "High Temple Ceremony". Every year, Xuzhou attracts a large number of overseas Peng's clansmen and Liu's descendants to Xuzhou for sightseeing tours and ancestor visits.
Li Keran Art Festival
Once a year, December 4-7
Marco Art Festival
Once every two years
Cherry Blossom Art Festival
Every year in March, when the cherry blossoms bloom.
Tourist Line
Sightseeing Bus (Tourist Line Bus): East Train Station-Pengcheng Square-Yunlong Mountain-Yunlong Lake-Peng Yuan-Huai Tower-Defense Garden, the ticket price is 2 yuan.
You 1 Road: Quanshan Park Shuangshan Fenghuayuan Mining University National Defense Park Huaite Tower East Gate Huaite Tower North Gate Pengyuan Playing Horse Terrace Horse Market Street Zhongshan Hall Huanglou Dam Street West Railway Station, the ticket price of 1 yuan.
You 2: Mining University North Gate National Defense Park Huaite Tower East Gate Huaite Tower North Gate Heping Road Yuanqiao Kaiming Market Palace of Culture Third Middle School Yanping Road Pailou First Middle School Xi'an Road Europe Mall Jianguo West Road Television Tower Yunlong Park Quanshan District Government Lake Park Yunlong Mountain Ropeway Jinshan Park Municipal Finance School Taishan barracks Mengzhuang Apartments University Town Mining University North Gate, the fare is 1 yuan.