Five pirates grabbed 100 gold coins and discussed how to make a fair distribution. They agreed on the principle of distribution:
(1) draw lots to determine the distribution order number of each person (1,2,3,4,5);
(2) the pirate who drew lot number 1 put forward a plan for distribution, then the 5 people voted on it, and if the plan was agreed by more than half of the people, the distribution was carried out in accordance with his plan, or else number 1 would be thrown into the sea and fed to the sharks;
( 3) If No. 1 is thrown into the sea, then No. 2 will propose a distribution plan, and then the remaining 4 people will vote, and if and only if more than half of them agree, the distribution will be made according to his proposal, otherwise they will also be thrown into the sea;
(4) and so on.
It is assumed here that every pirate is extremely intelligent and rational, they are all able to carry out rigorous logical reasoning, and can be very sensible judgment of their own gains and losses, that is, to be able to get the most gold coins under the premise of preserving their lives. Assuming also that the results of each round of voting can be successfully implemented, what kind of distribution plan should the pirate who drew No.1 propose in order to keep himself from being thrown into the sea and get more gold coins at the same time?
Quiz Question 2 (Card Guessing Problem) - -
Card Guessing Problem
Mr. S, Mr. P, and Mr. Q. They know that there are 16 playing cards in the drawer of the table: the Ace of Hearts, the Queen, and the Four Jacks of Spades, the Eights, the fours, the twos, the sevens and the threes, the Kings of Straws, the Queens, the Fives, the Fours and the Sixes and the Fifteenths.Prof. John picks out one card from the 16 and gives the point value of the card. Professor John picks a card from these 16 cards and tells Mr. P the number of points on that card and Mr. Q the suit of that card. At this point, Professor John asks Mr. P and Mr. Q: Can you deduce what this card is from the known number of points or suit? Mr. S hears the following conversation:
Mr. P: I don't know this card.
Mr. Q: I know you don't know this card.
Mr. P: Now I know this card.
Mr. Q: I know it too.
Listening to the above conversation, Mr. S, after thinking for a while, correctly rolls out what this card is.
Please: what card is this card?
Quiz Question 3 (Rope Burning Problem) - -
Rope Burning Problem
Burning an uneven rope takes a total of **** 1 hour from start to finish. Now there are a number of ropes of the same material, ask how to time an hour and fifteen minutes by burning the rope?
Quiz Question 4 (Table Tennis Problem) - -
Table Tennis Problem
Suppose that there are 100 table tennis balls arranged in a row, and two people take turns to take the balls and put them in their pockets, and the person who gets the 100th table tennis ball is the winner. The condition is: each time the person who takes the ball must take at least 1, but not more than 5. Q: If you are the first person to take the ball, how many should you take? How do you take them later to ensure that you get the 100th ping-pong ball?
Quiz Question 5 (Drinking Soda Problem) - -
Drinking Soda Problem
1 yuan a bottle of soda, drink two empty bottles for a bottle of soda, ask: you have 20 yuan, the most you can drink a few bottles of soda?
Quiz Question 6 (Splitting a Gold Bar) - -
Splitting a Gold Bar
You ask a laborer to work for you for 7 days, and give the laborer a gold bar in return. The gold bar is divided equally into 7 connected segments and you must give them a segment of the bar at the end of each day, how do you pay your workers if you are only allowed to break the bar twice?
Intelligence Question 7 (Ghost Valley Examining Apprentice) - -
Ghost Valley Examining Apprentice
Sun Bin, Pang Juan were both Ghost Valley Zi's apprentices; one day Ghost came up with this question: he chose two different integers from 2 to 99, and told Sun about the product, and Pang about the sum.
Pang said, "I'm not sure what these two numbers are, but I'm sure you don't know what they are either.
Sun said, I did not know, but after hearing you say that, I am now able to determine these two numbers.
Pon said: now that you say that, I now know what those two numbers are too.
Asked what the two numbers were. Why?
Quiz Question 8 (Wine Scooping Conundrum) - -
Wine Scooping Conundrum
It is said that someone gave the boss's wife of a wine shop a difficult problem: this person knew that there were only two wine scooping scoops in the store, which were capable of scooping 7 taels and 11 taels of wine, and he insisted that the boss's wife sell him 2 taels of wine. The boss's wife was smart enough to use these two spoons to scoop up wine in the vat and pour it back and forth, and actually measured out 2 taels of wine, smart enough for you to do that?
Intelligence Question 9 (Five Prisoners) - -
Five Prisoners A truly difficult intellectual question for billions of people, this is a Microsoft interview question.
5 prisoners, respectively, according to the number 1-5 in the sack containing 100 green beans to catch green beans, the provisions of each person to catch at least one, and catch the most and the least people will be executed, and, they can not communicate with each other, but in the time of catching, you can touch the number of beans left. Ask who among them has the greatest chance of survival
Hints:
1, they are all very smart people
2, their principle is to seek to save their lives first, and then go to kill more people
3, 100 pcs don't have to be all divided
4, if there is a duplicate, it will be counted as either the largest or the smallest, and they will all be put to death together
Intelligence Question 10 (Einstein's Question) - - - - - - - - Einstein's Question Question) - -
Einstein's Question
Einstein asked a question that he said 90% of the world can't answer, see if you belong to the 10%.
Contents:
1. There are five houses of five colors
2. Each of the owners of the houses is of a different nationality
3. Each of these five people drinks only one brand of drink, smokes only one brand of cigarettes, and owns only one kind of pet
4. None of the people have the same pets, smoke the same brand of cigarettes, or drink the same brand of drink
KNOWN CONDITIONS:
1. The Englishman lives in the RED HOUSE
2. The Swede has a dog
3. The Danishman drinks tea
4. The GREEN HOUSE is on the left side of the WHITE HOUSE
5. The owner of the GREEN HOUSE drinks COFFEE
6. The person who smokes the PALL MALL cigarettes has a BIRD
7. The YELLOW HOUSE owner smokes DUNHILL cigarettes
7. The owner of the yellow house smokes Dunhill cigarettes
8. The man in the middle house drinks milk
9. The Norwegian lives in the first house
10. The man who smokes a mixture of cigarettes lives next to the man who owns a cat
11. The man who owns a horse lives next to the man who smokes Dunhill cigarettes
12. The man who smokes Blue Master cigarettes drinks beer
14. The man who smokes Green House drinks coffee
15. Drinks beer
13. German smokes PRINCE cigarettes
14. Norwegian lives next to BLUE HOUSE
15. Neighbor who smokes MIXED CIGARETTES drinks MINERAL WATER
QUESTION: Who keeps fish?
Quiz Question 11 (Blind Men Splitting Socks) - -
Blind Men Splitting Socks
There are two blind men who have each bought two pairs of black socks and two pairs of white socks, eight pairs of socks of exactly the same cloth and size, and each pair of socks has a piece of trademark paper attached to it. The two blind men accidentally mix up the eight pairs of socks. How can each of them retrieve two pairs each of black and white socks?
Quiz Question 12 (The King and the Prophet) - -
The King and the Prophet
Before his execution, the king said to the prophet, "Aren't you a good prophet? Why couldn't you predict that you would be executed today? I'll give you a chance to predict how I will execute you today. If you prophesy correctly, I'll let you take poison and die; otherwise, I'll hang you."
But the wise prophet's answer prevented the king from putting him to death anyway.
May I ask, how did he prophesy?
Quiz Question 13 (Ball Weighing Problem) - -
Ball Weighing Problem
Twelve balls and a balance, now we know that only one of them weighs differently from the others, how do we weigh them so that we can find that one in three times? (Note that this question does not specify whether the weight of the ball is light or heavy, so it needs to be considered carefully)
Quiz Question 14 (Three light bulbs) - -
Three light bulbs
Three switches outside the door correspond to the indoor three light bulbs, the wiring is good, the control of the switch outside the door can not be seen when the indoor lights, and is now only allowed to enter the door once, to determine the correspondence between the switch and the light What is the relationship between the switches and the lights? (This is also a Microsoft interview question, I personally to think that this is a brain teaser type)
Question 15 (Black Hat Ball) - - -
Black Hat Ball
A group of people are having a ball, and each person is wearing a hat on their head. There are only two types of hats, black and white, and there is at least one black one. Everyone can see the colors of the other people's hats, but not their own. The host starts by showing everyone what hats everyone else is wearing on their heads, then turns off the lights and if anyone thinks they are wearing a black hat, they slap themselves in the face. The first time the lights were turned off, there was no sound. So turn on the light again, everyone looked again, and when the light was turned off, there was still no sound. It wasn't until the third time the lights were turned off that the sound of slashing and slapping rang out. Ask how many people are wearing black hats.
Question 16 (Monty Python Puzzle) - -
Monty Python Puzzle
This puzzle is named after Monty, an American TV game show host who years ago hosted a program called Deal. In one of the games, Monty showed the contestants three doors. Behind one door was a small car. Behind the other two doors were empty rooms. Monty knows in advance what is behind the doors, but you do not.
The game is divided into three steps:
1. You choose a door.
2. Monty will open one of the two remaining doors to reveal an empty room. (He never opens the one with the car hidden behind it.)
3. You can then choose whether to still choose the door you chose in step 1, or to open the other one, which is still closed.
Suppose you chose door A. Then Monty opens one of the other two doors, assuming it's door B. You now have the option of changing your choice to door C or still sticking with your initial choice, which is door A. If you don't change your choice, you may or may not guess correctly. On the other hand, if you change your choice to door C, you may still get it right or wrong. What choice would you make? After Monty opens a door, do you stick with your initial choice, or do you change the choice you made earlier? Why?
Intelligence question 17 (three people live in the hotel) - -
Three people live in the hotel
Three people go to live in the hotel, live in three rooms, each room $ 10, so they a **** paid the boss $ 30, the next day, the boss felt that the three rooms only $ 25 dollars will be enough, so he called the little brother to return the $ 5 to the three guests, who knew that the little brother is greedy, only return each person $ 1, he secretly took $ 2, this way, so that the three guests are not in the hotel. The three guests each spent $9, so the three people a **** spent $27, plus the little brother alone not $2, the total **** is $29. But when the three of them a **** paid $30, then there is $ 1 it?
Quiz Question 18 (Weighing Pills) - -
Weighing Pills
You have four jars of pills, each of which weighs a certain amount, and the contaminated pills are the uncontaminated pills + 1. How can you tell which jar is contaminated if you only weigh it once?
Quiz Question 19 (Hands Reunited) - -
Hands Reunited
How many times in a 24-hour day do the hour, minute, and second hands of a clock coincide exactly.22 What times are they? How do you figure it out?
Quiz Question 20 (Strange Villages) - -
Strange Villages
There are two strange villages in a certain area. People in Zhangzhuang lie on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and people in Li village lie on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. On other days they tell the truth. One day, Wang Congming from out of town came and met the two men and asked them separate questions about the dates. Both said, "The day before yesterday was the day I lied."
If the two people asked were from Zhangzhuang and Li village, what day of the week was it?
Quiz Question 21 (Avatars' Tuition) - -
Avatars' Tuition
There was a famous sophist in Ancient Greece called Protagoras. Once he took on a very talented student named Evatyr, and the two signed a contract. Proteagoras to teach legal knowledge to Aivatyr, and Aivatyr must pay the tuition in two installments: the first, at the beginning of the lesson, the second, after the completion of Aivatyr's first appearance in court when the lawsuit won. After paying his first tuition, he studied law tirelessly with his teachers and excelled in his studies. A few years later he finished his studies, but after a long time, always without paying the second tuition.
Protagoras waited and waited, and finally waited for the fire, to the court to sue Aivatier, Aivatier said to Protagoras: "As long as you go to the court to sue me, I can not give you money, because if I won the case, according to the court's judgment, I certainly will not give the money to the loser; if I defeated the case, according to our contract, because the first court lost, I would not give the money to the loser; if I defeat, according to our contract, the first court lost. If I lose the case, according to our contract, I can't give you the money because I lost the case in the first court appearance. Therefore, whether I lose or win this case, it is impossible for me to give you the money. You might as well not sue."
Protagoras heard this but had his own plans and said, "As soon as I have a lawsuit against you you must pay me my second tuition. Because, if I win this case, according to the judgment of the law, you rightfully have to pay the tuition to me; if I defeat the lawsuit, you certainly have to pay the tuition to me, our original contract is written in this way. So you'll always have to pay me the second tuition no matter what."
So both men walked into the courtroom with the confidence that they would win.
The judge listened to their lawsuit, read both their contracts, and after pondering for a while, he read his judgment in public ......
Do you know how this judge ruled in order to make Aivatil both pay his tuition and be convinced?
Quiz Question 22 (Three Baskets of Fruit) - -
Three Baskets of Fruit
There are three baskets of fruit, one basket is full of apples, the second is full of oranges, and the third is oranges mixed with apples. The labels on the baskets are deceiving, (for example, if the label says orange, then it is safe to assume that there will not be only oranges in the baskets, there may be apples as well) Your task is to take out one of the baskets, take only one fruit from it, and then write the labels of the three baskets of fruit correctly.
Quiz Question 23 (Two Circles) - -
Two circles with radii 1 and 2, the smaller circle is inside the larger circle going around the circumference of the larger circle, how many times does the smaller circle turn around itself?2 How many times does the smaller circle turn around itself if it is on the outside of the larger circle?
Quiz Question 24 (Portrait of Portia 1) - -
Portrait of Portia
Shakespeare's masterpiece, The Merchant of Venice, contains an episode in which a rich girl, Portia, is not only of great beauty, but also of great talent. Many princes and gentlemen came to ask for her hand in marriage. However, Portia herself does not have the freedom to choose the marriage, her late father in the will stipulate that the guessing box for the marriage.
Bosnia has three boxes: gold, silver and lead, three boxes are engraved with three words. Only one of these three caskets contained a portrait of Portia. Portia promised to marry any suitor who could guess which box the portrait was in by the three words.
The phrase engraved on the gold box reads, "The portrait is not in this box."
The phrase engraved on the silver box was: "The portrait is in the gold box".
The phrase engraved on the lead box is: "The portrait is not in this box".
Meanwhile, only one of these three sentences is true.
Intelligent and handsome Bassanio has come to propose, friends, which box should he choose?
Quiz Question 25 (Portrait of Portia 2) - -
Bosia asks for marriage again
Friends, just as you imagined, the clever and handsome Bassanio guessed the answer, and he took Portrait of Portia out of the lead box and married the beautiful Portia. But when they lived happily together for three months, one day, Portia thought to herself, in fact, my father left the question is not at all a difficult problem, I can set the question more difficult, so that I can find a smarter husband. The more she thought about it, the more aggrieved she felt, so she divorced Bassanio, and immediately put out the word that she would hold a second guessing box for marriage.
The day of the call came, and Portia gave a similar title to the first:
She had with her three boxes of gold, silver, and lead, only one of which contained her portrait, and each of which was engraved with a sentence:
The gold box was engraved with the words, "Portrait is not in the silver box".
The silver box is inscribed with the phrase "The portrait is not in this box.
The lead box is inscribed "The portrait is in this box".
And Portia added that at least one of these three statements was true, and at least one was false. Whoever could guess which box the portrait was in based on these conditions, Portia would marry.
Interestingly, the first applicant was her ex-husband, Bassanio, and which box, my friends, should he choose?
Quiz Question 26 (Portrait of Portia II 1) - -
Portrait of Portia II I
Friends, just as you imagined, the clever Bassanio guessed the answer again, and he took Portia's portrait out of the golden box, and rightly so, married Portia again. From that time on, Portia never rose again.
Eighteen years later, their daughter, Portia II, who had inherited her mother's intelligence and beauty, decided to find a clever husband by guessing from the box, just as her mother had done. She decided to marry her mother as she had done in the past, and improved on her mother's one-guess model by making two guesses, one for the first time and one for the second time, and only those who got both guesses would be able to marry Portia II.
The day of the first test came, and Portia II disclosed the title:
She was surrounded by three caskets of gold, silver, and lead, only one of which contained her portrait.
The three caskets were each engraved with two sentences:
The gold caskets were engraved with the words, "The portrait is not in this casket. The author of the portrait is from Venice."
The silver box is inscribed with "The portrait is not in the gold box. The author of the portrait is from Florence."
The lead box was inscribed "The portrait is not in this box. The portrait is in the silver box."
Paucia II added that the two sentences on each box would not both be false.
Anyone who can guess which box the portrait is in based on these conditions will pass the preliminary exam.
Friends, please judge which box the portrait is actually in?
Quiz Question 27 (Portrait of Portia II 2) - -
Portrait of Portia II 2
As expected, 10 people guessed the answer and passed the preliminary test.
The questions were as follows:
She was surrounded by three caskets of gold, silver and lead, only one of which contained her portrait.
The three caskets were inscribed with two sentences:
The gold caskets were inscribed with the words, "The portrait is not in this casket. The portrait is in the silver box."
The silver box was inscribed with the words "The portrait is not in the gold box. The portrait is in the lead box."
The lead box was inscribed "The portrait is not in this box. The portrait is in the gold box."
And Portia II added that on one casket both words were true; on another both words were false; and on a third both words were true and false.
Whoever could guess in which box the portrait was placed on the basis of these conditions, Portia II would marry. They had a daughter, Portia III. When Portia III grew up, she was as smart and beautiful as her grandmother. She decided to get married in the same way as her grandmother. But this time, the applicants needed to pass three challenges before they could do so.
The first test began, and the clever Portia III changed the form of the test questions:
There are two famous craftsmen in the city: Cellini and Bellini, Cellini will carve one or more falsehoods on his own work every time he finishes a piece of work; and Bellini will carve one or more truths on his own work every time he finishes a piece of work. She was accompanied by three caskets of gold, silver, and lead, any one of which is known to have been built by Cellini or Bellini. But this time the caskets held daggers instead of photographs. And each box was inscribed with the words:
The gold box was inscribed with the words "The dagger is in this box"
The silver box was inscribed with the words "This box is empty."
The lead casket was inscribed, "Of these three caskets, at most one was made by Bellini."
Baucia III added that the only way to qualify for the next round of exams was to avoid the dagger, so which casket should be chosen?
Quiz Question 29 (Portrait of Portia III 2) - -
Portrait of Portia's Granddaughter II
Sixteen people actually guessed the answer on the initial test, so Portia III retested the 16 as planned.
The questions were as follows:
There were two famous craftsmen in the city, Cellini and Bellini, and Cellini engraved one or more falsehoods on his work for every piece he completed; while Bellini engraved one or more truths on his work for every piece he completed. Portia III was accompanied by two caskets, gold and silver, either of which is known to have been made by Cellini or Bellini, and only one of which contained her portrait,
Golden caskets: the portrait is not in this caskets
Silver caskets: of these two caskets, it so happens that one was made by Bellini.
Baucia III added that only the selected casket with her portrait would be eligible for the interview, asking: in which casket is the portrait?
Quiz Question 30 (Portrait of Portia III 3) - -
Portrait of Portia's Granddaughter III
The retest actually had five people guess the answer, so Portia III interviewed all five as planned.
The interviews began.
There were two famous craftsmen in the city: Cellini and Bellini, who engraved one or more falsehoods on each piece of work Cellini completed; and Bellini, who engraved one or more truths on each piece of work he completed. Next to Portia III this time are three caskets of gold, silver, and lead, any one of which is known to have been made by Cellini or Bellini, and only one of which holds her portrait. Requirement: choose the box that holds the portrait and tell who made it.
Gold casket: the portrait is in this casket
Silver casket: the portrait is in this casket
Lead casket: of these three caskets, at least two were made by Cellini.
Whoever can guess which box the portrait is in based on these conditions, Portia III will marry.
Quiz Question 31 (Inferring Birthdays) - -
Inferring Birthdays
Salary of $50,000 per month, the latest interview questions for Microsoft Research China
Small Ming and Xiao Qiang are both students of Teacher Zhang, whose birthday is the Nth day of the Mth month, and the 2 of them know that Teacher Zhang's birthday is a day in one of the following groups of 10, and that Teacher Zhang told the value of M to Xiao Ming and the value of N to Xiao Qiang. Mr. Zhang asked them if they knew what day his birthday was.
March 4 March 5 March 8
June 4 June 7
September 1 September 5
December 1 December 2 December 8
Small Ming said: if I don't know, then Xiao Qiang must not know either
Small Qiang said: originally I didn't know either, but now I do
Small Ming said: Oh, then I know it too
Please infer from the above conversation which day is Mr. Zhang's birthday
If you have seen the quiz question 2 (card guessing problem), this question can be solved immediately! Please refer to the card guessing problem.
Quiz Question 32 (WILL DIVIDING THE COWS 1) - -
WILL DIVIDING THE COWS (I)
There was an old man in Ancient India, who on his deathbed left a will that he would divide 17 cows among his 3 sons. He wrote in his will that the oldest would get one-half of the total, the second would get one-third of the total, and the third would get one-ninth of the total. But how they divided it is not right, because 17 get 1/2, 1/3, 1/9 are 8 1/2, 5 2/3, 1 8/9, are not whole numbers, and in accordance with Hindu rules, the cattle are regarded as gods, can not be slaughtered, even if secretly slaughtered, according to the above calculation of the number of the distribution, add up to only 16 1/18, leaving 17/18 head of cattle, not the old man's will.
Intelligent reader, how do you think it should be divided?