1. Cubism 2. ukiyo-e 3. late impressionism 4. Matisse 5. father of modern painting 6. Velasquez
7. Renaissance 8. neo-romanticism 9. realism 10 The Scream, The Dance of Life, Karl. A Night on John Street
11 Qingming Festival 12 Rococo Art 13. Repeated with 10 14 One Sunday on Big Bowl Island
15 Van Eyck
Multiple Choice Questions
1,. ABC 2.BCD 3.AB 4.AC 5.ACD
Multiple Choice Questions
1.B 2.A 3. A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.D
10.C
Brief Answer:
1 Renaissance
The Renaissance is an ideological and cultural movement that arose in the late 14th century in the cities of Italy, later expanded to the countries of Western Europe, and prevailed in Europe in the 16th century, bringing about a period of revolution in science and the arts and opening the door of modern European history. Modern European history, is considered to be the demarcation between the Middle Ages and the Modern Age. Marxist historians consider it to be the division between the age of feudalism and the age of capitalism.
2. Abstract Art Abstract art originated from a popular Western art genre. It was first popularized in Russia and then spread to Western Europe and the United States. It began in painting and sculpture, and advocated the idea that art could be detached from real life, using abstract images and bizarre ideas to create works of art. Later it spread to theater and film. To express the spiritual world of the writer. Attempts to distort what is good and beautiful in real life. The art position is occupied ideologically, but not all abstract art is bad, and it should be recognized as such.
3. Rococo art (Rococo art) is France's eighteenth-century art style, began in the late Louis XIV (1643-1715) era, popular in the era of Louis XV (1715-1774), the style of delicate, exquisite, flashy, cumbersome, also known as "Louis XV style". Rococo art style is an art style that originated in France and soon spread throughout Europe after Baroque art style. At the beginning refers to the rock-like masonry built with shells, stones, etc., originating from the Chinese rockery, exquisite, gorgeous carved artistic interest, and then refers to the theme with shell pattern curves, which became the name of the style with the main body of interior decoration.
4. Impressionism, also known as Impressionism, Impressionism is a late 19th century in France, a kind of artistic thinking and school of thought, impressionist painters according to the principle of light and color on the painting color bold innovation, breaking the traditional painting of the brown tone, completely against the rule of the official academy of art, and later became the main stream of the European fine arts movement centered in France. Early Impressionism was divided into two schools, Monet as the representative of the focus on color, and Degas as the leader of the focus on the shape of the form. The Post-Impressionists believed that painting should not be confined to objective naturalistic depictions, and emphasized subjective rationality and the expression of self-emotion and personality.
5. The oil painting "Guernica" is a masterpiece of great influence and historical significance made by Picasso, the leader of Cubism, in the 1930s. The painting was commissioned by the government of Spain*** and the State for the Spanish Pavilion of the International Exposition held in Paris in 1937, and it is a work of commemorative significance that expresses the theme of war. The painting depicts the atrocities committed by the Nazi German Air Force during the bombing of the small Spanish city of Guernica in 1937. As an artist with a strong sense of justice, Picasso showed immense indignation at this barbaric act. The work plays the pathos with a strong voice, and for the first time in the history of Western painting, it purely labels the experienced events with shapes, and makes us feel extreme fear. We see tragedy and wit, sarcasm and pity, the tremor of life and the stillness of death. The work fully expresses the cruelty of fascist atrocities and the pain of people's suffering.
6. Cubism is a movement and school in the history of modern Western art, also known as cubism, which began in France in 1908. Cubist artists pursued the form of fragmentation, resolution, and recombination to form a separate picture - with many combinations of fragmented forms as the goal of the artists to show. The artist depicts the object from many angles, placing it in the same picture, in order to express the most complete image of the object. The interlocking angles of the objects create many perpendicular and parallel line angles, and the scattered shadows make the Cubist images devoid of the illusion of three-dimensional space created by the traditional perspective of Western painting. The interplay between the background and the subject matter of the painting creates a two-dimensional space that characterizes the Cubist paintings.
Detailed Answers:
1. "Baroque" (Barock), from Portuguese, means "deformed pearl", implying a derogatory color, the term was later used as a symbol of an era in European art history. This term was later used in the history of European art to refer to a sign of the times, i.e., the art and culture between 1600 and 1750 A.D. It inherited from the ostentation of the late Renaissance, and was followed by the Rococo art of the 18th century. The style of Baroque architecture lies in the exquisite decorations and carvings on the exterior of the buildings, creating a sense of lightness and fluidity, and creating a sense of illusion through external light, which, together with the exquisite craftsmanship, gives people a sense of splendor. Baroque art first originated in Italy, Italy's most famous Baroque architecture is St. Paul's Cathedral and its square in Rome, as mentioned earlier, St. Paul's Cathedral dome for the Renaissance-style architecture, but next to it, with a magnificent portico of the square and the main church interior of the exquisite decorations is the performance of the Baroque style; however, the most representative of the Baroque architecture for the Palace of Versailles in France, the Palace of Versailles, symbolizing the absolute absolute power of the time, the Palace of Versailles. The Palace of Versailles symbolized the authority of the absolutist autocracy at that time, and all the majesty and power needed to proclaim prestige were transformed into reality by the exquisite decorations of the Palace of Versailles, which can be regarded as a special style of Baroque architecture.
2. Photography and painting are two different forms of artistic expression, photography is more realistic picture, with the help of realistic to the atmosphere. Photography can learn from painting, but not as free expression as painting, to a large extent by the constraints of the equipment, photography must be completed with the objective existence of shooting.
There are many different types of paintings, including realistic and abstract paintings, western paintings and Chinese paintings. Even if it is realistic, it is not a complete depiction of the reality of existence, a character, a grass, a line, a piece of color, are refined and sublimated by the painter, to a large extent, it is a kind of subjective creation, the expression of the author's inner spirit. Painting can paint what is not there, what is in the future, and what is in the past, which photography does not have.
3. The most successful part of this painting is the subtle and extreme expression of the figure in the painting. No matter which way you look at her, she seems to be gazing at the viewer, with the corners of her mouth turned slightly upward, reflecting a psychological state that is even more elusive, and which has led to 500 years of debate about her smile. Different viewers or at different times seem to feel differently. Sometimes she smiles in a soothing and gentle way, sometimes in a serious way, sometimes in a slightly sad way, and sometimes even in a mocking and derisive way. In a painting, the change of light can't produce such a big difference as in a sculpture, but in Mona Lisa's face, the faint shadow appears and disappears, putting a veil over her eyes and lips. Human smile is mainly manifested in the corners of the eyes and mouth, but Da Vinci is partial to these parts of the painting is hidden, no clear boundaries, so there will be this elusive "mysterious smile". The overlapping hands of the character in the painting is another shining point in the picture. This pair of tender hands is painted so precise and plump, fully in line with the anatomical structure, fully demonstrates her tenderness, and the mysterious smile, in the solemn sitting and add a few points of tranquility and serenity. In terms of technique, Da Vinci handled the contours of all the objects in the picture with such care that it is difficult for the viewer to find a clear and tangible border line. On the contrary, in every part where the form turns, one can feel countless delicate and subtle layers of transition. This is a kind of Da Vinci's original painting method, which is like covering the picture with a layer of mist, bringing people a vivid and deep feeling in a more or less chaotic state. In the composition, da Vinci changed the previous portrait painting side half or up to the chest of the habit, replaced by the front of the bust composition, the perspective point slightly up, so that the composition is pyramidal, the characters in the painting appear more dignified, stable. The landscape behind the figure is not just a decoration or accompaniment to the figure, but reveals some key information for understanding this work. Some scholars have testified that the landscape depicted in the background is the landscape of the valley of the Arno River in the Florence region of Italy in ancient times, and that Leonardo da Vinci had conducted in-depth research on the Ascana landscape along the river. This study of natural geography and the study of human anatomy are perfectly combined in this painting. On the screen, the arcs and folds formed by the figure's clothing pattern mirror the flowing river in the background, while the tiny waves of the figure's hair resemble the water rushing down from the waterfall on the cliffs in the distance. More importantly, the valley of the Arno River in the background maintains its primitive state, while the figure in the near distance simply removes all the decorations, except for the thin layer of black veil on the head, which in Italy at that time contained the hidden meaning of "chastity". The figure in the painting is like a Madonna who combines many human virtues, sitting solemnly before the origin of history, and what impresses the heart is not only her beauty, but also a grandeur and magnificence that contains a sense of the universe.
4. The Raft of Medusa , seen as an important masterpiece of Romantic painting, marks the true formation of the Romantic School of Tuyi painting. This painting caused a heated debate in the art world and public opinion, it reflects the French cruiser Medusa in the African coast of the incident of the reef and sinking. 1816 July, carrying more than 400 people on board the Medusa, due to the government to appoint the aristocrat who knows nothing about navigation as the captain of the ship and the reef, the captain and the senior officers in the lifeboat to escape, was left behind passengers, sailors in the improvised raft floating for 13 days, when rescued, only 10 people. The passengers and sailors were left to drift on a makeshift raft for 13 days, and only about 10 people were rescued. Taken from real-life themes, this work shows the painter's concern for the fate of mankind and humanitarianism, and exposes the faults of the incompetent French government, thus making it a strong political metaphor. The two triangles of forward and backward tilting, the strong contrast between light and shadow, make the scene frightening and full of tragic power; together with the rolling waves and clouds, the whole painting is very different from the still and solemn style of neo-classical paintings. It was a refreshing change to French painting, which was bound by neo-classicism.
Subjective Answer
4. A semester of Art Appreciation has come to an end, and I have benefited a lot from it. This semester's course has been a "journey of beauty" for me, from a lack of understanding of beauty and a shallow outward perception of beauty to an appreciation of beauty and a gradual understanding that it is more important to see the essence of beauty. By appreciating art works, we can broaden our horizons and expand our field of knowledge. For example, "Qingming Riverside" by Zhang Zeduan, a painter of the Song Dynasty, vividly reflects the prosperity of Bianliang, the capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty. The vivid depiction of people of all colors has become the first-hand information for people to know the society, dress, customs, technology, construction, market and so on in Song Dynasty. It is in this kind of appreciation activities, is the work of art for us to provide all kinds of experience and feelings with others to produce **** Ming, to be able to look at all the things around with an artistic vision and attitude, and get a new insight.