How do we face the new high-speed rail era?

China's railroad in the transport density, passenger and freight turnover, conversion density, transport efficiency, market share, etc., although have created the world's first impressive results, with 6% of the world's railroads operating mileage to complete the world's railroads 1/4 of the volume of traffic. However, due to the historical subjective and objective factors, China's railroad development has missed some important historical opportunities. Before the reform and opening up, there was a big gap between China's railroads and the railroads of developed countries. China has only 75 kilometers of railroad per 10,000 square kilometers, ranking 60th in the world after; less than 6 centimeters of railroad per capita, ranking 100th in the world after. Train operating speed is generally lower than the developed countries railroad train. Transportation productivity is insufficient and economic and social transportation needs of the growing contradiction has not been fundamentally resolved, the railroad is still a constraint on China's economic and social development, "bottleneck". Backwardness forces people to strive for progress, and the gap urges people to rise. The Ministry of Railways to choose a new starting point, high quality, fast speed, large-scale scientific development model, has achieved encouraging results: First, the construction of a well-developed and perfect railroad network is moving forward well and fast; Second, the modernization of railroad technology and equipment to achieve a major leap; Third, the railroad business performance continues to create a new level of history; Fourth, the railroad management system innovation to achieve an important breakthrough. China has crossed the course of the developed railroad countries in the world in about 6 years, which is generally 30 years. In the next few years, China's high-speed railroad construction will enter a period of comprehensive harvest. By 2020, China's new high-speed railroad will reach more than 16,000 kilometers, and the fast passenger network will reach more than 50,000 kilometers, connecting all provincial capitals and cities with a population of more than 500,000 people, and covering more than 90% of the country's population. High-speed railroad makes China's railroad construction stand in the forefront of the world's railroad development with a raised eyebrow. China's high-speed rail technology has three advantages over Germany, Japan, etc.: firstly, from public works engineering, communication signal, traction power supply to coach manufacturing, China can export all in one package, which is difficult to do in other countries. Secondly, China's high-speed rail technology is rich in levels, and it can carry out the renovation of the existing lines with 250 kilometers per hour, and also build new lines with 350 kilometers per hour. Thirdly, the construction cost of China's high-speed rail is lower, about 20% lower than that of other countries. On August 14, 2010, Daxing of Beijing section of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, near the interchange bridge with Beijing-Hong Kong Expressway, the scaffolding of the last poured girder was being dismantled by workers and loaded onto trucks by cranes. This means that the Beijing section has finished the foundation work under the line and will start laying tracks on the line soon. tianyichengxin/CFP On May 6, 2010, the countdown to the official operation of Chengdu-China Express Railway entered, and the Harmony train was in trial operation at Dujiangyan Station. Many Dujiangyan citizens experience the new feeling brought by the express railroad in advance. Sang Qing/CFP At 9:00 a.m. on December 26, 2009, the G1226 train from Guangzhou North to Wuhan on the Wuhan-Guangzhou High-Speed Railway Passenger Dedicated Line departed from the new Guangzhou North Railway Station. Chen Fan/CFP The Shanghai-Hangzhou-Rongzhou high-speed railroad, which was originally scheduled to open in 2011, will be opened to traffic by the end of August this year ahead of schedule. In the future, the train ride from Nanjing to Chengdu will be shortened to about nine hours. In the fall of 1978, Deng Xiaoping said during an inspection of the Shinkansen in Japan, "As fast as the wind, we now need to run very much!" At that time, the speed of foreign high-speed trains had reached 300 kilometers per hour, while the average speed of Chinese passenger trains was only 43 kilometers per hour. On December 26, 2009, the Wuhan-Guangzhou Passenger Dedicated Line, which was officially opened to traffic, became the high-speed railroad with the highest running speed and the longest operating mileage in the world. Since the 21st century, railroads have once again entered a new stage of rapid development. High-speed railroads with high speed, large capacity, all-weather, energy-saving, and more environmental protection have become the pioneer officials leading the economic and social development of mankind. At present, China is speeding into the era of high-speed railroad. Under the strong impact of speed and power in the high-speed rail era, all aspects of economic, social and cultural life will face realistic new choices. China has crossed the course of the world's railroad developed countries generally with 30 years in about 6 years According to media reports, in October 2009, the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin visited China and participated in the meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states, and the two countries signed a memorandum on the development of high-speed railroads between China and Russia, and China will help Russia to build high-speed railroads. In November 2009, General Electric of the United States and China's Ministry of Railways signed a memorandum of understanding, in which the two sides pledged to strengthen cooperation in seeking to participate in high-speed rail projects in the United States with speeds of more than 350 kilometers per hour. On July 13 this year, Brazil officially began to bid for the construction of the country's first high-speed railroad, Chinese companies said to participate in the bidding. July 12 to 15, Argentina's President Fernandez visited China during the signing of up to $ 10 billion with the Chinese side of a number of railroad science and technology export contracts, which is China's largest export of railroad science and technology in recent years, a deal. Data show that China produces locomotives, locomotives and parts in more than 50 countries and regions around the world. The export of high-speed rail shows that China has found a new economic support point while occupying the high point of energy utilization in the future. A responsible comrade of the Ministry of Railways introduced that in the next few years, China's high-speed railroad construction will enter a period of comprehensive harvest. By 2020, China's new high-speed railroads will reach more than 16,000 kilometers, and the fast passenger network will reach more than 50,000 kilometers, connecting all provincial capitals and cities with a population of more than 500,000 people, and covering more than 90% of the country's population. An expert who does not want to disclose his name believes that China's high-speed rail technology has three advantages over Germany, Japan, etc.: "One is that from engineering, communication and signaling, traction and power supply to coach manufacturing, etc., China can export them as a package, which is difficult to do in other countries. Secondly, China's high-speed rail technology is rich in levels, and it can not only carry out the renovation of existing lines with 250 kilometers per hour, but also build new lines with 350 kilometers per hour. Third, the construction cost of Chinese high-speed rail is lower, about 20 percent lower than that of other countries." High-speed railroads have made China's railroads stand at the forefront of the world's railroad development with a raised eyebrow. In August 2008, Prof. Zhang Shuguang, Deputy Chief Engineer of the Ministry of Railways, introduced China's high-speed railroad technology, saying, "China has formed a high-speed railroad technology system with complete independent intellectual property rights in about six years, spanning the course of the world's developed railroad countries, which generally takes 30 years." It is reported that high-speed train is one of the core technologies of high-speed railroad, and it is also the high point of competition among high-speed railroads in the world. The first batch of 22 Harmony CRH2 type Wuhan-Guangzhou locomotives officially put into operation on the Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railroad, accounting for more than 50% of all locomotives, are all from China's famous "South Locomotive". It is most worth mentioning that the key technologies and core components such as the traction electric drive system and the network control device of the "nervous system", which are the "heart" of the Wuguang train sets, are all independently developed by CSR. Someone once curiously asked Lin Huting, an expert who has long been engaged in the scientific research of railroad rolling stock: the train does not have a steering wheel, and despite running on two tracks, is it not better to drive than a car? The doctoral tutor, China Railway Research Institute of Rolling Stock Institute researcher said with a smile, open the car need to hold the steering wheel, open the train needs to be "a gate", that is, the braking and speed control technology. Originally, a train weighing thousands or even tens of thousands of tons, high-speed operation inertia is very large, the need for minutes and seconds to control the train running at a constant speed, and to be steadily stopped at the designated point on the platform, but also the need for superb braking technology. The fist product developed by the Institute of Locomotive and Rolling Stock was the "black box" for braking machine and automatic monitoring of locomotive operation data for general-speed locomotives. At the beginning of high-speed railway construction, the Institute of Locomotive and Rolling Stock aimed at braking technology for locomotives. The general-speed train is controlled by locomotive braking machine to brake the carriages in the form of disk, while the train of the moving train is controlled by the driver to brake the whole train jointly with air and electricity. The latter is more complex than the former system, more advanced technology. In the Ministry of Railways, Railway Academy full support, the Institute, invested hundreds of millions of dollars, in the Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park to establish a high-speed braking system innovation base for rolling stock. After the introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation, rolling stock soon mastered a full set of the latest technology of the brake disc, and innovation of more than 20 patented technology with fully independent intellectual property rights, to occupy the high point of technological innovation, to achieve the localization of the brake discs of the trains of the rolling stock, all of which are used in the "Harmony" rolling stock trains. Zhengzhou west line through Xi'an, Kaifeng, Luoyang and other famous ancient capitals, tourism resources are very rich. The two cities are more than 500 kilometers away from each other, take the national highway drive nearly a day; ordinary railroad takes more than 6 hours. After the opening of the Zhengzhou-West high-speed railroad, the time and space distance is compressed to 1 hour 48 minutes. When Mr. Wei heard the news, he immediately signed up for a tour to Huashan. The new speed of high-speed rail makes the time-space distance of scenic spots no longer distant, while the time-space area of scenic spots keeps extending and expanding. "When the high-speed railway rings, there are ten thousand taels of gold." After the opening of Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railroad, it rapidly drives the tourism industry in Guangdong, Hunan and Hubei to continue to heat up. In the past, the long-distance tour became "short-line tour" because of the high-speed rail, and the short-line tour became "same-city tour" because of the high-speed rail. "Drinking Guangdong tea in the morning, climbing Mount Yuelu in the afternoon and visiting Yellow Crane Tower in the evening" can be realized because of the high-speed railway. As a result, the famous scenic spots along the Wuhan-Guangdong high-speed railway, such as Nanyue Hengshan, Yueyanglou, Shaoshan Dishui Cave, etc., have constructed fast passages through high-speed railway stations, operated through trains, issued preferential tickets, and upgraded the level of service, so as to attract tourists from all directions who come by high-speed railway. The local government has also lost no time to seize the opportunity of high-speed rail, reintegrate the tourism resources of the three provinces, and build the big scenic spots and big tourism in the high-speed rail era into a new pillar industry. In the era of high-speed rail, the development mode of the city will undoubtedly be "overturned", from the isolated development mode of a single city to the linkage of multiple cities, **** win the development of the new era. With the Beijing-Fujian Railway, Anhui-Ganzhou Railway, Huang-Hangzhou high-speed rail planning and construction, Anhui, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other cities will be formed in the Asia-Pacific region of the new city economic union, thus forming a new point of economic growth. And in this economic system, the tourism industry will benefit significantly. New vitality of cities along the line High-speed rail has played a very important role in promoting the development of industrialization and urbanization in China, prompting the central cities and satellite towns along the high-speed rail to choose to re-"layout" - to high-speed rail central cities to radiate and drive the synchronous development of the surrounding cities. China is in the process of industrialization and urbanization. China is in the period of accelerated development of industrialization and urbanization, and the high-speed transportation advantages brought by high-speed railway to cities along the route will make the city resources reassessed, positioned and laid out to realize the synchronous development of neighboring cities driven by the radiation of the central city of high-speed railway circle. Due to the commissioning of HSR, the capacity resources have been effectively integrated, and the capacity of existing railroads has been released, easing the long-standing tension between capacity and capacity, and speeding up the rapid circulation of factors of production such as people flow, logistics, capital flow and information flow. Therefore, the cities along the high-speed railway have been favored by domestic and foreign investors, who have come to investigate the projects and invest in factories. The development value of some "resource-exhausted" cities is also evaluated again, which revitalizes the development vitality. The high-speed rail era will make Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Zhengzhou, Changsha and other cities become the center of China's "4-hour economic circle". A large amount of data shows that high-speed rail lines have become the most active and promising areas for economic development in China. We have every reason to optimistically foresee that high-speed railroad will play a great role in supporting regional coordinated development, optimizing resource allocation and industrial layout, constructing an efficient comprehensive transportation system, reducing social logistics costs, promoting urban integration process and sustainable economic development.