"Ovoo" is the translation of Mongolian language, which means "heap" in Chinese. It is an altar for the Mongolian people to worship heaven and earth, ancestors or heroes. In the vast grasslands, Ovoo is a time and space coordinates, is the grassland culture system in a landmark cultural phenomenon.
NO2. Mongolian Deer Chess
Deer Chess is a traditional Mongolian athletic recreation program, called "Bao Ge Jirig" in Mongolian, which is a favorite game of chess among Mongolian people, especially the youth.
Deer chess is divided into two kinds of pieces: Deer (called "Baoge" in Mongolian) and Dog (called "Brain" in Mongolian), and there are mountains (called "Ula" in Mongolian) and plains (called "Ula" in Mongolian) on the chessboard. On the board, there are mountains (called "Ula" in Mongolian) and plains (called "Tara" in Mongolian). According to the number of "mountains", the size of "plains" and the amount of pieces on the board, deer chess can be divided into deer chess with 2 deer and 24 dogs and deer chess with 4 deer and 64 dogs. The deer chess with 2 deer and 24 dogs is widely spread among the people.
NO3. Bru
"Bru" is a traditional hunting tool of the Mongolian people, which is a wooden stick of several dozen centimeters long with a curved head. Throwing the Bru is a popular activity in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia. It is by the traditional hunting production evolved from a sports activity, has now developed into a grassland event Naadam on an official competition. There are three kinds of Bru: "Jirugan Bru", "Tugu Lagan Bru" and "Haiyamu Labru".
NO4. Mongolian Chess
Mongolian chess is one of the types of chess that has been handed down since ancient times. According to the record of Marco Polo's Travels, Mongolian chess has been played by Mongols as early as in the era of the Mongol Khanate and has been passed down from generation to generation since then. In Mongolian, chess is called "Shatar". In order to distinguish it from Chinese chess and chess, it is called Mongolian chess in Chinese.
NO5. Bow and Arrow
Bow and arrow is an ancient Mongolian hunting tool and military weapon. Historically, archery was used as a military training program for men, and then gradually evolved into a sports activity, which has been passed down to this day. Archery is one of the main competitive events in the grassland event Naadam. Existing in Russia's "Genghis Khan Tablet" recorded in 1225 Genghis Khan's nephew also pine brother in the Naadam shot 335 Tou distance. It is clear that archery has been included in the Mongolian sports competitions since a long time ago.
NO6. horse
Horse Racing
Love of horses and good riding is the tradition of the Mongols, the Mongols have been known as the "horseback nation" reputation. Horse-racing is a traditional sport of the Mongolian people formed in the nomadic life, and it is also a review of livestock production, which has been passed down from generation to generation. In the beautiful grassland, every Naadam, Ovoo festival, Mongolian herdsmen will hold horse racing, so horse racing in the pastoral area has a strong mass base.
NO7. Festivals
The Spring Festival is the most important festival for Mongolians. The Mongolian people call the Spring Festival "Xinjile", which means "New Year", and people are more used to call it "Chagansa Day", which means "White Moon". The name "Chagan Sari" comes from the ancient Mongolian tradition of celebrating the New Year in the fall when the water and grass are abundant and the cattle and sheep are fat. The white milk of this season is like a spring, so this month is called the "month of cheese", and the Mongolians call the cheese "Chagga". The adjective derived from this word is "Chagan", that is, the meaning of "white", so people will be the first month of the year called "Chagan Sazh". Mongolian people since ancient times, white, white is noble, holy, auspicious symbols, so the beginning of the new year called "white month".
NO8. Horse-head fiddle
The horse-head fiddle is the most representative instrument of the Mongolian people, belonging to the stringed instrument. Mongolian called "Molin Huer", in ancient times called "Chaoer", the horse head qin's title is to the Ming and Qing Dynasties was widely spread. According to the Song History, "the five-stringed instrument was made in Yu Shun, and the seven-stringed instrument was made in Zhou Wen and Wu ...... to the Song Dynasty, when the two-stringed instrument was first made ...... Many scholars believe that the horse-head qin originated from the Xiqin, the stringed instrument of the Tang and Song Dynasties, and it was used in the 13th century as a stringed instrument. Many scholars believe that the horse-head qin originated from the stringed instrument of the Tang and Song dynasties, and was popularized in the Mongolian folklore in the 13th century. In fact, the horse-head qin was first produced in the northern nomadic East Hu "Xi" department, so the name "Xi Qin", also known as "Hu Qin".
Mongolians talk about the beloved horse-head qin, will mention a touching "horse-head qin legend". A long time ago there was a herdsman named Suhe who lived on the grassland with his grandmother. One day little Suhe brought back a white colt that had just lost its mother's love at birth. After the careful care of Suhe and his grandmother, the white foal grew up and became strong and beautiful. One year, the king wanted to hold a horse race. Encouraged by the townspeople, Little Suhe took the white horse to participate in the horse race. As a result, Little Suhe rode the white horse to the finish line first. When the king saw how well the white horse ran, he became greedy and wanted to take the white horse for himself. The king called for Little Suhe and said, "I'll give you three big dollar treasures, leave the white horse for me, and go back quickly!" Hearing the king's words, Little Suhe was very angry, so he said, "I came to attend the horse race, not to sell the horse." When the king saw that someone dared to contradict him, he told his men to rob the little white horse and beat Little Suhe into unconsciousness. Little Su He was carried home by the townspeople, but he missed the little white horse day and night. The white horse was also attached to Little Suhe, one night, it is not willing to yield to the power of the king, ran back from the king's house, was hit by several arrows, bleeding all over the body. The next day, the white horse died of his wounds. Little Su and a million thoughts and grief, it is difficult to sleep. One night, Little Suhe saw the white horse come to him in a haze, and said softly to him: "Dear master, use my bones to make a zither, so that we can be together forever! Then we can be together forever." When he woke up, Little Su and made a zither from the bones, sinews and tail of the little white horse according to his words, and carved a horse's head on the top of the zither's pole. And so the horse head zither was born. The melodious and beautiful sound of the piano gradually spread across the grassland, and has been passed down to the present day.
NO9. wine
Horse's milk wine is Mongolia's unique wine, the Mongolian language is called "Qig". Horse milk wine is called "white jade syrup" in the "eight treasures of Mongolia". The Mongolian people have explored a whole set of methods, techniques and technologies for making horse milk wine in the long term practice, and there are two methods for making horse milk wine, namely, fermentation method and distillation method. The flavor of the wine produced by the two methods is different. The milk wine produced by the fermentation method is soft and mellow, and the milk wine produced by the distillation method is slightly strong.
Mongolians take wine as the first drink. Pouring a full glass of wine is not only a reflection of hospitality, but also a sign of blessing. Toast, pay attention to dress neatly, with both hands to offer or with the right hand, respectfully and piously to the guests even three cups of wine, three cups of each said: the first cup is to thank God for the gift of our light, the second cup is to thank the earth to give us blessings, and the third cup is to bless the earth auspicious everlasting. After receiving the wine with both hands or the right hand, the guests could not drink it all at once, but dipped the ring finger of the right hand into the wine and made "three bombs" upwards, i.e. "May the blue sky be peaceful", "May the earth be peaceful", "May the earth be peaceful" and "May the earth be peaceful". ", three is "wish peace on earth". Mongolian people use wine to send the best feelings and wishes in the world. The master of the three cups of wine, the guest of the first two cups of each sip a sip, the third cup all drink. If the guest really can not drink, the three cups of wine on each sip, to show the host's gratitude and sincerity to the true feelings. After drinking the host's toast, the guest toasts back to the host, and in some places the guest takes a sip of the host's toast and returns it to the host to show his respect. There are also some places that honor two cups of wine.
NO10. Yurt
The yurt is the traditional residence of the Mongolian people, and it is the crystallization of the Mongolian people's hard work and wisdom. In fact, Mongolians call yurts "geri", which can be translated as housing. Now the yurt in the word "package" from the Manchu language, meaning "home", "house". Since the Qing Dynasty, the word "yurt" has been passed down in the form of transliteration and has become the name of the traditional Mongolian house today.
The yurt is round in shape and has an arched roof, which makes it suitable for living in the arid and sandy highland climate. At the same time, there is no need to build a foundation to build a yurt, as long as you choose a good location to set up the yurt wooden structure, covered with felt tethered firmly. Therefore, yurt is also a kind of environmentally friendly residence, and it can be said that it is the best way to live in the nomadic people who depend on the pasture to maintain the production and life.
The yurt is made of wood, wool, horsehair, and camel's mane, and consists of three parts: the wooden frame, the felt, and the rope. According to "Black Tartar" records, the 13th century Mongolian "dome has two kinds: the system of Yenching, with willow for the bone, just as the south of the Fu Si, can be rolled, in front of the open door, such as umbrella bone, the top of the open a hole, known as the skylight, all felt for clothing, can be carried on the horse. The system of the grass, the willow group set into a hard circle, the diameter of the felt tart fixed, can not be rolled, the car carries the line". This is a more informative account of the early yurt.