The Lunar New Year in Vietnam starts on the first day of the first month of the Vietnamese calendar (the same as the Chinese lunar calendar), which is the most important festival for Vietnamese folk. According to Vietnamese tradition, starting from the "Zao Wang Festival" on the 23rd day of the Lunar New Year, every family prepares for the New Year's Eve. During the Lunar New Year, people dress up in festive costumes, men in western clothes and women in robes. During the Spring Festival, people have reunion dinners, set off fireworks and firecrackers, worship their ancestors, visit friends and relatives, and pay New Year's greetings to each other. Families eat a square meat dumplings and round rice cakes, which are essential traditional food for the Spring Festival, symbolizing good weather, good harvests and good luck. On New Year's Eve, it is customary to observe the New Year's Eve, and when zero hour arrives, firecrackers are fired outside the room, illuminating the entire sky, and offerings are made to the gods and ancestors in the room. After the New Year's Eve worship is over, everyone happily goes to the temple Tingsi to offer incense and pray for happiness in the New Year. To add to the festive atmosphere, families put up Spring Festival couplets and New Year's paintings, which are written in Chinese or Vietnamese characters, and the paintings are usually "fat dolls" and "mice welcoming relatives". Every household is required to set up three festive decorations: a bouquet of flowers, a pot of kumquats and a plate with five kinds of fruits, which signify an auspicious and prosperous New Year. During the Spring Festival, there are all kinds of taboos: no farm work, no quarreling, no foul language, no breaking things, and so on.
On the first, second and third day of the first month, people pay their respects to each other, which is also the main activity of the Spring Festival. Early in the morning on the first day of the New Year, the first outsider to enter the door of the family, generally have to be selected and arranged in advance, because it is widely believed that this is the family's omen of good and bad luck in the coming year.
During the Spring Festival, there are grand flower markets in all major cities, with northerners favoring the budding peach blossoms and southerners honoring the plums. Young men and women go to the flower market in groups to participate in various games: cockfighting, trap, shooting, flower arranging competitions, wrestling matches and so on. Jing people over the Spring Festival have the first day of the first month to catch the custom of the temple fair, the temple fair, five miles and eight townships of the long dragon team, the lion team gathered together, the golden dragon wild dance, the lion phase play, the scene is very enthusiastic. People also compete to participate in riddles, songs and other games. Cooking games for women's organizations is very interesting, there are water cooking competition is even more interesting, the first race to eat sugar cane, not only to eat fast, but also eat the bagasse as fuel to burn rice, the requirements of one side of the cooking, while caring for a child, but also to guard a frog, do not let it jump into the water, and finally to see who first cooked the rice, the winner is considered to be the most auspicious for the year. There are various forms of folk entertainment in both urban and rural areas, such as performances of traditional folk plays, swinging, boat races and water puppet shows.
Vietnam's Lunar New Year has the custom of erecting a pole to drive away ghosts, and during the Lunar New Year, it is necessary to erect a spring pole to drive away ghosts, which is also known as a pole to drive away ghosts, with a length of 5-6 meters, and is erected in the outdoor area during the Lunar New Year. A bamboo circle is hung on the pole tip, on which small toys and bells are hung, and the pole tip is hung to symbolize a robe, so that the ghosts will not dare to go on the rampage. This custom has been preserved to this day.
Vietnam's Dragon Boat Festival is the fifth day of the fifth month of the Vietnamese calendar, also known as the festival of the first day of the month. The Dragon Boat Festival has the custom of eating rice dumplings, as well as the Dragon Boat Festival insect repellent custom. Early in the morning of the festival, parents prepare for their children glutinous rice wine, ginger sticky rice and peach, plum, lemon and other sour foods and fruits. In some areas of the south, children are allowed to eat watermelon, mango, boiled eggs and drink coconut milk, while adults drink Xionghuang wine and apply Xionghuang on children's heads, foreheads, chests and umbilical cords to expel insects. In many areas, children paint their fingers and toes with fingernail grass and wear talismans made by shamans with five-colored threads to ward off evil spirits. Families with fewer children or infirm young children dress their children in such clothes early in the morning before the festival to ward off ghosts and evil spirits. Duanwu medicine is a must-have activity, people believe that "Duanwu herbal medicine" is the most effective, many markets have this medicine stalls
Ha Festival is a unique traditional festival of the people of Yuexiu Nanjing, second only to the Spring Festival in terms of solemnity. "Ha" in the Beijing language is "singing" means, "Ha Festival" directly translated is the festival of singing. Singing is the main activity of the festival. The date of the festival varies from place to place, with some celebrating the festival on the tenth day of the sixth month of the Vietnamese calendar and others on the tenth day of the eighth month. The villages inhabited by the Kinh people all have Ha Tinh, where images of gods and ancestral tablets of each family name are enshrined. On weekdays, Ha Ting is also a place for people to cool off, sing songs and socialize with young men and women. Visiting Jing villages, such as not invited, do not enter the Ha Ting, female tourists should pay particular attention to the Ha Ting worship entertainment Huokuo statues, tablets, do not touch, pointing.
Every Ha Festival, the men gathered in the Ha Pavilion, ancestor worship, feasting, theater, wrestling, all-night revelry. Ha Ting main hall of the east and west sides, built with a number of steps, over the Ha Festival, the village of adult men in accordance with the level to which each person belongs to be seated, **** there are high-level, intermediate, low-ranking, white, and vigorously 5 levels. The division of these five grades, is based on the construction of the "Ha Ting" when the amount of money donated by the family to determine the amount of money donated the most money listed as a senior, sitting in a senior seat, more offerings, the rest of the next in turn, white Ding, vigorously the two grades in addition to seated on the lowest step, but also responsible for lifting incense, water and wait for others and other physical labor. Physical labor. All men, including guests from other villages, could participate in the collective feast, while women could not. Men eat and drink while listening to songs and watching dances, often all night long. During the Ha Festival, in addition to clearing the singers to sing in the Ha Ting, but also often invite the troupe to sing in the Ha Ting, or in the Ha Ting outside the bullfighting, jousting competitions and other activities.
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the Vietnamese calendar, and is dominated by the eating of moon cakes. As the Mid-Autumn Festival is mainly for children, it is also known as Children's Day. There is also a custom of colored lanterns on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Legend has it that in the past, there was a carp that had been practicing for many years to become a spirit, and it came out at night to harm people, causing families to close their homes and not dare to go out, and then the black-faced Duke of Pao taught people to make paper lanterns in the shape of a carp, and inserted a stick into the belly of the carp, and at night, when people picked the lanterns and went out, the spirit saw it, and then it was afraid of it, and it didn't dare to come back to do evil things. Since then, the Mid-Autumn Festival night children with various shapes of paper lanterns, playing in the moonlight. Mid-Autumn Festival in rural areas also organized boat races, dragon festival and other activities.
Pangkor is a traditional festival of the Kinh ethnic group in Vietnam, which takes place in the second half of the lunar month of the Vietnamese calendar. Every family kills chickens and pigs to make offerings to Pangu, the founder of the world, to pray for the blessing of the founder god. The ceremony is solemn and the atmosphere is solemn as people pray with devotion.
Sending Zao Wang Festival on the twenty-third day of the lunar month in the Vietnamese calendar, up the Zao Wang God, burned paper money, offerings of maltose blessings. Families make offerings in the hope of receiving blessings from the god.
The Chinese in Vietnam still maintain the custom of offering sacrifices to gods, such as the God of Wealth, the God of the Land and the God of Protection of Wealth, etc. The Chinese regard Thien Hau Mau as the God of Protection, and the day of Thien Hau Mau's birth commemorating the 23rd day of the third month of the Lunar Calendar is a festival for the people. Performances from the drama are organized in the courtyard of the temple, and people make offerings of various items and incense to Tin Hau Mu, bathe the statue of the Buddha, and pray for good fortune and peace. The 15th day of the first month and the 15th day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar are major festivals for the Chinese every year. In addition to the rituals, various dragon dance teams, martial arts teams, and gymnastics teams are organized to perform at various temples, attracting many spectators. The Chinese also worship other deities, such as the spirit of Guan Gong on the 13th day of the first month. These reflect the *** same beliefs and rituals of the Vietnamese Chinese.
Vietnamese people also emphasize filial piety like other Oriental people. In every family, it is an indispensable sense for children to honor their grandparents and parents. To the dead ancestors, the Vietnamese people worship very much, and thus attach great importance to ancestor worship beliefs, inherited from generation to generation, forming a scale. People believe that although the loved ones died, but his soul still exists, the descendants also play a protective and supervisory role, dominate all the activities of the people, many disasters on earth, we have to rely on the first spirit of blessing and relief.
Vietnamese people do not have shrines, shrines, shrines, shrines in every home, is an altar to honor the ancestors, is to honor the ancestors God's holy place, no one can not offend, and can not have any defilement. In the city, due to the narrowness of the dwellings, the altars were made in small and varied ways. For example, a board was nailed to the wall or the roof of a cupboard was used as an altar for the ancestors. In the center of the altar was an incense burner, flanked by two joss sticks. In front of the incense burner is a wooden or plastic tray with a thin waist and red lacquer. Fruit is served on glass plates, in addition to a pair of vases and a number of cups and saucers for the altar. In some families, there are couplets on both sides of the altar, such as "the ancestor's merit and virtue of a thousand years of prosperity, filial piety and grandchildren, ten thousand generations of prosperity", "Fuk Sang etiquette and rituals of the family hall is flourishing, Loc Hat Rong Hua Fuk Kwai Chun," and so on.
Vietnamese people regard offering sacrifices to their ancestors as a major event to show their gratitude for their nurturing. Many families, despite their different religious beliefs, do not neglect making offerings to their ancestors. Before the Lunar New Year, the altar must be redecorated with incense and candles and offerings. During the three days of the Lunar New Year, the altar is always covered with incense, and parents and clansmen pray before the family reunion dinner.
Vietnamese people's worship of ancestors is also manifested in the taboo on names. Normally, children and grandchildren avoid mentioning the names of their ancestors and fathers, and if some nouns in real life overlap with the names of their ancestors and fathers, they have to avoid them or replace them with synonyms. When a child is small, parents do not let him or her know the name of the ancestor in case the child shouts nonsense and disrespects the ancestor. If someone points to the name of the ancestors taunted or abusive, taunted or abusive person will think it is subjected to a strange shame, will stir up deep hatred is very big. In recent years, the taboo name has been rare in the city, but in the countryside, this custom is still maintained.
In addition to worshipping ancestors, ancient Vietnamese people generally superstitious City God, divination, astrology, feng shui, elves and so on. All natural objects and natural phenomena, such as rivers, lakes, mountains, trees, wild animals, wind and rain, etc., in their minds, there are elves in them, which should be worshipped and sacrificed to get rid of disasters and bring good fortune. For example, in Kim Lien village, Dung Tuo district, Hanoi, there is still a tablet inscribed with the name of the God of Kao San Da Wang, which was erected in 1510. In rural areas, offerings are usually made to the gods of land, banyan trees, snakes, and tigers, as well as to the center stone of the village. Centerboard, etc. People worship the tiger in places where it frequents, and they must not offend it by speaking or acting in a way that offends it, calling it "Da Wang of the Mountain" in a low voice. If you meet a tiger, not only can you not kill it, but also offer all kinds of sacrifices. Ancient Vietnamese people generally worshiped the evergreen and leafy trees, and believed that if these trees survived the storms and thunderstorms, there must be a god underneath them. Therefore, people often set up incense boxes under the shade of the trees, especially under the banyan tree, or built temples in the open space next to the tree, and feng shui masters and fortune-tellers often gathered there.
Basic etiquette
There are also many taboos among Vietnamese. With the growing popularity of traveling to Vietnam, this long-standing semi-closed country is gradually coming to the attention of Chinese people. Here are some of the most common taboos that Vietnamese people need to pay attention to in public interaction and daily life. Of course, with the development and progress of society, many people do not care about traditional taboos. In addition, people of different professions and cultural levels have different attitudes towards taboos. However, as a traveler, "following the customs" can be a great pleasure during the trip.
(A) speech taboos
1. the beginning of the year, the beginning of the month to speak, do not say words that may bring bad luck, such as monkeys, death, etc.
2. the beginning of the year, the beginning of the month taboo tantrums for fear of the whole year, the whole month are sad face;
3. the beginning of the year, the beginning of the month taboo foul language for fear of giving the whole year, the whole month to bring bad luck;
4. fishing taboos say cat for fear of thus
5. It is taboo to hear miserable voices when writing;
6. It is taboo to praise a child for being fat;
7. It is taboo for a child to say the names of his grandparents or parents.
(2) Dietary Taboos
1. It is taboo for children to eat burnt rice in school for fear of becoming stupid;
2. It is taboo for children to eat chicken claws in school for fear of having shaky hands when writing;
3. It is taboo for businessmen to eat burnt rice for fear of being unlucky;
4. It is taboo for card players to eat burnt rice for fear of losing;
5. It is taboo for people going out to eat burnt rice. Taboo eat burnt rice, for fear of encountering the tongue is wrong;
6. student exams taboo eat shrimp, because the shape of the shrimp with the "bad" word the first letter of the capital letter "L" is very similar;
7. drinking taboo glass buckle over, or the bottle of wine upside down;
8.
8. It is taboo to eat duck's head in a game of poker for fear of losing;
9. It is taboo to eat sugarcane in a game of poker for fear of falling apart early;
10. It is taboo to eat dog meat in a temple.
(3) Wedding and funeral taboos
1. No marriage in the month of the ox for fear that the couple will be separated like the cowherd and the weaving maiden;
2. No marrying of daughters-in-law when their mothers-in-law are pregnant;
3. Taboo against marrying two daughters in a row in the middle of the year;
4. Taboo against the parents sending their daughters to the in-laws's house;
5. Taboo against the color red when there is a funeral at home;
5.
6. The filial piety people do not eat betel nut, do not participate in festivities, do not wear silk clothes;
7. Avoid wearing the clothes worn by the deceased in life, avoid sleeping in the bed that the deceased slept in before life;
8. Avoid outside the village to carry the dead pass through the boundaries of the village, and especially avoid outside the village to carry the dead pass through the village in front of the ancestral hall.
(4) building taboo
l. end of the year, the end of the month, do not build houses, for fear of bad luck;
2. building rooms can not be an even number of rooms, can only be 3 rooms, 5 rooms. 7 rooms and other singular;
3. houses can not be directly opposite the door of other people's homes, for fear of quarrels and quarrelling;
4. houses can not be directly across the corner of the pond, the ancestral temple eaves and other people's roofs;
4. houses can not be directly opposite the corner of the pond, the ancestral temple eaves and the roof of other people's houses;
5. To build a house and bury the pillars, it is forbidden to place the wooden pillars upside down;
6. It is forbidden to build a house in front of other people's houses;
7. Before the ceremony of moving the earth held in the village at the beginning of the year, it is not allowed to dig the earth and move the pestle and mortar.
(E) business taboos
1. stores to open the door to choose an auspicious day, it is taboo to open on an unlucky day;
2. business taboos touching off the pipe, touching down the fish, touching down the lime bucket;
3. business taboos on credit;
4. taboos on the beginning of the year, early in the month to collect debts. Debtors are afraid that this will bring bad luck and people will come to their door to collect debts throughout the year and month. People who can't afford to pay their debts go out to hide their debts on New Year's Eve and dare to go home only after midnight. Debtors also always have to be in the New Year's Eve before the debt recovery;
5. Business taboo customers pay back a price, for fear that the goods can not be sold. Customers since the price, do not want to buy also want to bargain a few times;
6. Business taboo say monkey, sheep, tiger, leopard, for fear that the goods can not be sold.
(F) other daily life taboos
1. the beginning of the year, the beginning of the month to avoid wearing white, indigo-colored clothes, white, indigo is the color of mourning, the beginning of the year, the beginning of the month to wear white, indigo-colored clothes for fear of becoming a bad omen.
2. In celebrations and rituals, it is taboo to wear white clothing, except for funerals;
3. Couples are taboo to use a washcloth;
4. Couples are taboo to pass each other a toothpick;
5. It is taboo to use their own combs in addition to their husbands or wives;
6. It is taboo to lay a mat on the bed backwards;
7. >7. It is taboo to sit with one's back to the offering table;
8. It is taboo to wear a hat inside the house;
9. It is taboo to take a picture of three people together, as it is said that the person in the middle will meet with bad luck;
10. It is taboo to clean the house at the beginning of the year. In doing so, it is said that the year will not go well;
11. When the wife is pregnant, it is taboo for the husband to kill or stake;
12. It is taboo for pregnant women to slaughter chickens and ducks;
13. It is taboo for a pregnant woman to give birth to a child in her home from abroad;
14. When there is a woman giving birth in a family, it is taboo for outsiders to come into the house;
15. It is taboo for a pregnant woman to be close to the dead, and to Attend funerals, except when there is a big funeral in the family;
16. Avoid making clothes for children out of patchwork cloth;
17. Don't pick fruits at night;
18. Don't urinate under a big tree for fear of encountering ghosts.
(7) Names and Addresses
The big surnames of the Kinh, the main ethnic group in Vietnam, are Nguyen, Tran, Ngoc and Le. Like the Chinese, the Vietnamese have surnames in front and first names at the end, mostly single-surname two-character names, and a few also have single-surname one-character names. In Vietnamese, except for the neutral "I" (pronounced "heap"), the second person "you" and the third person "he/she" are more commonly used in the first person, while the second person "you" and the third person "he/she" are more commonly used in the first person. He/she" do not have neutral personal pronouns and are usually addressed according to the other person's generation or status to show affection or respect. For example, to the father's generation, the second person directly use "uncle", "auntie", "uncle", "auntie", etc.; the third person use "that person"; the third person use "that person". In the third person, "that uncle", "that aunt", etc. are used. Vietnamese greetings do not distinguish between "morning and evening" and "hello". In addition to "goodbye", they usually use the word "call" to express their greetings. For example, when we meet, we say "call comrade" is "comrade hello", and when we part, we say "call comrade" is "comrade goodbye". ". When Vietnamese people address each other, usually the name and the last name in a row, rarely with the surname and even the first name are called, that is considered impolite. Such as a man named Nguyen Hinh Cuong, according to his age and degree of affinity, called "Cuong Bo", "Cuong Uncle", "Cuong Brother", "Cuong Dai "or "Mr. Qiang" or "Comrade Qiang".
(H) Vietnamese social etiquette
Vietnamese people are very polite. When they meet, they greet each other with a hello or a nod of the head. When greeting elders, they call them big father, big mother or uncle, brother and sister to their peers, and little brother and sister to children. When meeting, the pass handshake, generally do not use hugging, kissing and other ways. Some ethnic minorities such as Miao, Yao line fist bowing ceremony, belief in Hinayana Buddhism (such as the Khmer) more than ten salute (hands together Qi lips or Qi forehead is appropriate, over the head is to worship ghosts). When you meet and speak, you should address each other first, especially to the elders, otherwise it will be considered impolite. When you are a guest, you have to say: "Please go ahead" before using water, cigarettes or meals to show your politeness. Vietnamese people speak in small, gentle voices and rarely shout.
Respect for the old and love for the young, especially polite to the elderly. In the northern Kinh family, the highest-ranking man is the head of the family. In the south of the Jing clan is the old lady is in charge, everything to consult them more, they agree with things, other people generally will not express dissent.
All ethnic groups are particularly hospitable, Vietnamese people of all ethnic groups often use their favorite wine and meat, vegetables and other food to treat guests, even if it is not to taste, but also try to eat as much as possible, otherwise it is considered to be looking down on the host. When the guests leave, the hosts also want to give their own fruits, vegetables and processed food to the guests, if they refuse, there will be misunderstandings, and generally the guests always want to accept some more or less, and return the gift accordingly. Minorities in the southern mountainous areas, like to invite guests to drink altar wine at festivals and celebrations, that is, take turns with the pipe from the altar to drink wine, the first round can not be refused, or else it is considered a spoilsport, rudeness. After the first round, if you do not want to drink, with both hands clasped to the right shoulder to raise a lift, to express thanks no longer drink.
Involvement with Vietnamese people, you can send each other some gifts of commemorative significance, but the value of the gift should not be too large, otherwise it will be rejected by the other side, there is suspicion of bribery. However, it is reasonable to invite Vietnamese friends to dinner.
Religion
From the Western Han Dynasty in China in 111 B.C., Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism began to be imported from China to Vietnam, which had a great influence on the ideology of Vietnamese people. The Buddhism imported from China was Mahayana Buddhism, which the Vietnamese called "Northern Buddhism". In addition, there are some Vietnamese who believe in Hinayana Buddhism, which is called the "Southern Sect" and was introduced from Thailand and Cambodia. Among the Vietnamese, Buddhism accounts for the largest proportion of believers, with most of them believing in Mahayana Buddhism, and there are many temples all over the country. Buddhists avoid killing and emphasize karma. On major festivals and personal birthdays, they usually go to Buddhist temples to pay homage to the Buddha, offer gifts and listen to monks chanting sutras.
Catholicism has been introduced to Vietnam for about 500 years. At the beginning of the calendar century, Western missionaries began to come to Vietnam, but were officially banned. The first missionaries to Vietnam were two French missionaries, Audreco Badeno and Francis Xavier. During the French period, Catholicism gained legal status in Vietnam and grew rapidly. By 1966, there were 11 dioceses in the north and south of Vietnam, with 3 million Catholic believers. Christianity also had many believers in Vietnam, mainly in Hanoi, Hai Phong, Ha Tay, Cheng Tien, Quang Nam's present port, Po Lai Cu, Binh Thuan and other places. Christianity is a new denomination split from Catholicism, which has only been in Vietnam for nearly a hundred years, and is known as "Evangelization" in Vietnam. 1893, the Christian pastor David Lorahan came to Saigon to preach, and then some pastors came to Vietnam to preach, but they were banned by the French colonial authorities. Christianity did not gain a foothold in Vietnam until 1920.
The majority of ethnic Kinh farmers in southern Vietnam, including Tay Ninh and Duc Thi, practiced the Cao Dai religion, which is known as the "Dao Dao San Phu Duc Cao Dai religion" and was founded by Ngo Van Chieu and Le Van Truong in 1926. The religion combines Buddhism, Catholicism, Christianity, Taoism, and Confucianism, and believes in Confucius (Humanism), Jiang Taigong (Divine Principle), Jesus (Sacred Principle), Laozi (Immortal Principle), and Shimou (Buddhist Principle). Followers of the Gauteng religion can make offerings to their ancestors, but they cannot make offerings of grass or use paper horses, and they must refrain from killing, greed, meat, sex, and foul language, and they must burn incense and chant scriptures at 6:00, 12:00, 18:00, and 24:00 every day.
In An Giang, Dong Thap Mai, Hoa Cien and Dong Chuan in southern Vietnam, many people have joined the Hoa Hao religion. The religion, a variation of Buddhism, was founded in 1939 by a Vietnamese man, Hoang Phu Truc, who named his village "Hoa Hao Village" after the village where he lived, which means filial piety and goodwill. Like Buddhism, this religion also teaches compassion. Like Buddhism, this religion also talks about compassion, fraternity, commonwealth and karma, and most of its followers are peasants, so it is also known as "Peasant Buddhism". The Harmony religion has monks, but no temple, with a red cloth instead of images of God and Buddha, believers in the morning and evening offerings to Buddha twice, offerings for flowers and water, flowers on behalf of chastity, water on behalf of purity.
Gastronomic Dress
In ancient times, the Kinh people of Vietnam wore a variety of pullovers and long skirts. By the Middle Ages, commoners wore brown cloth and officials wore blue khaki. After the 15th century, the rich usually wore brocade rosa kudzu, red robes when attending rituals and banquets, officials wore brown or black cloth, bureaucrats wore green clothes, and commoners wore blush-colored coarse cloth. After the French entered Vietnam, the clothing of the common people began to change considerably, with women wearing knotted tops and pants. In modern times, men in Vietnamese cities tend to wear suits and women wear flowery narrow oiled robes. Vietnamese women's robes can be said to be the national costume of Vietnamese women, the upper body girdle, highlighting the body, so that the woman looks ah Na Duozi, hem stretch, open right to the waist, easy to move. Special attention is paid to Vietnamese women wearing robes, but also wear a black or white wide-legged pants. Vietnamese women like to wear necklaces, hand thresholds, rings, and more than one shoulder-length hair, or with hairpins tied behind the head.
Snacks
Traveling to Vietnam, one must not fail to taste Vietnamese snacks. Usually, in the hotels where tourists stay, breakfast is usually provided, but such a single breakfast varieties, such as Chinese food is fried noodles, Western food is nothing more than bread, butter, fried eggs and so on, these varieties are available in the country, there is no sense of freshness. If you really want to taste Vietnamese snacks, not in vain, or to go to the stalls, where you can taste the authentic Vietnamese snacks. Of course there are times when you need to be a little bold and not be so fussy about hygiene conditions.
The first thing you should try is Hanoi's conch chowder. Early in the morning, during work and school hours, it is common to come across stalls selling conch chili vermicelli on the streets of Hanoi. These stalls are actually just two bamboo baskets carried by the vendors with milk, stove, condiments, bowls and chopsticks, plus a number of small benches. When you arrive at the stall, the owner (usually a middle-aged woman) will warmly invite you to take a seat, and then neatly take out a plate of round vermicelli and put it into a pot of boiling water. This kind of round vermicelli is slightly thinner than Guilin rice noodles and Yunnan rice noodles, and uses high-quality rice, which makes the vermicelli delicate, pliable, white and transparent, and very refreshing to eat. The conch soft is picked and eaten now, put in the powder with a bamboo needle, and then added with conch lion field, chili peppers and other seasonings. A bowl of two taels of conch lioness noodles costs VND2,400, or about $1.60, and is delicious.
Ha Noi's chicken noodle has a longstanding reputation and can also be eaten at street stalls in Ha Noi. In addition to shredded chicken, there are also shredded meat, egg, fungus, green onion and cilantro. The shredded egg is a unique product, spread into thin slices and cut into fine julienne strips that do not stick and are sprinkled on the vermicelli to contrast with the red shredded meat and white shredded chicken, making it particularly appetizing. Eat chicken noodle, the table also has a cut fresh lemon, gently a corner, a few drops of lemon juice fell into the bowl, the original hot and delicious chicken noodle, and added a wisp of fragrance, eat more refreshing. A bowl of chicken noodle costs more than twice as much as conch noodle, about 5,000 VND, but it's worth it.
Along with chicken noodle is Hanoi's beef noodle. Vietnam's beef noodles must be made from yellow beef, and the rice noodles used are thinner and finer than those cut in Guangxi, made from high-quality rice. Beef noodles are made by boiling a large piece of yellow beef with various condiments and cooking it in a pot, then cutting it into thin pieces, scalding the rice noodles in a pot of boiling water, adding beef, beef broth and various seasonings, and eating it with a unique flavor.
Shrimp cakes are also a famous snack in Vietnam. Shrimp cakes are made by wrapping fresh prawns in seasoned batter and frying them in a frying pan, which is fragrant and crispy when eaten. There is a restaurant on the edge of Hanoi's West Lake that has a high reputation for its shrimp cakes.
Meat dumplings are a traditional Vietnamese delicacy that, in the past, the average Vietnamese family could only eat during festivals. These meat dumplings are not the dumplings we imagine, which are made entirely of meat. In rural areas, every family makes meat dumplings during festivals, especially before the Lunar New Year. Good lean pork with a variety of spices, into the stone field into a paste, and then wrapped in banana leaves or lotus leaves wrapped into dumplings, put in the hot pot to cook. Before eating, it is cut into pieces or thin slices and steamed, dipped in fish sauce and pepper, which is tasty, not greasy, and leaves a good taste in the mouth after eating.
Vietnamese sausage is also a favorite cuisine of Vietnamese people. The practice is to use pig red seasoned with lean minced pork and a variety of cilantro, dunked into the small intestines of the pig, and then boiled. Before eating, it is cut into sections and dipped in various seasonings.
Fried spring rolls are one of the most popular dishes among Vietnamese, and have been introduced to many domestic restaurants in recent years, but the practice and eating style are not as authentic as that of Vietnam. The skin of Vietnamese spring rolls is made of glutinous rice, which is as thin as a cicada's wing and white and transparent. The spring rolls are wrapped with fillings made of bean sprouts, vermicelli, squid, shrimp and scallions, and then deep-fried in a frying pan until crispy. When eaten, the spring rolls are wrapped in glass lettuce and dipped in fish sauce, sour vinegar, chili peppers and other condiments, making them crispy and tasty.
Mung bean cake, a traditional Vietnamese pastry, is also a flavorful food worth tasting. The best Vietnamese mung bean cake is produced in Hai Phong, not far from the sea (the name of the place), and the Golden Dragon brand is the best. Vietnam's mung bean cake is made from the finest mung beans, ground into a very fine powder, and then matched with refined sugar and oil, tastes soft and sweet. The ocean mung bean cake is beautifully packaged, traveling back to bring a few packages, to gift friends and relatives.
Raw vegetables. Eating in Vietnamese restaurants, you may often see Vietnamese people will be fresh green vegetables eaten raw, for the country, especially the north may feel confused, dare not ask. In fact, this way of eating is the traditional way of eating in Vietnam, I'm afraid that can also be called a major feature of Vietnamese food culture, quite in line with modern nutritional views. Vegetables eaten raw, of course, there are also some details, these vegetables are mainly washed cabbage, lettuce, mung bean sprouts, in addition to a variety of fragrant tea, such as wilted, mint and so on. Raw vegetables should be dipped in condiments, mainly fish sauce, sour vinegar and fresh lemon juice. As Vietnam is located in the tropics and has a hot climate, eating raw bok choy has the effect of promoting digestion and nutrient absorption, as well as lowering fire. Have not tried to eat raw vegetables, it should be said that can not be counted to understand the flavors of Vietnamese snacks.