Su Dong Po is the first person in the world who has ever been in a position to make a living in the world.
The charm that Su Dongpo possesses makes everyone mesmerized by him.
Why do people love Su Dongpo? Because, in his body, he presented the ideal of the literati; his way of life satisfied all the imaginations of the Chinese people about happiness, joy, optimism, humor, and dashing, etc.
Su Dongpo was a man of the world.
Lin Yutang spoke highly of him, saying that Su Dongpo was an incorrigible optimist, a great humanist ...... more than any other Chinese poet, with a sense of richness, change, and humor of a multi-faceted genius, with an excellent intellect, but with a mind like that of an innocent child.
"Su Dongpo: The Most True Taste of Humanity" through the form of biography, respectively, the background of Su Shi's origin, growth and learning, merit examination, the way of the official, the life wasted, love and marriage, friends and confidantes, Zen meditation and artistic life, etc., the cocoon of the layers of peeling and in-depth exploration, in-depth explanation of Su Dongpo, the great prose, poets, lyricists, calligraphers, painters, inventors, statesmen, and the great prose, poet, painter, inventor, politician in the Literary level, artistic attainments, charisma and spiritual beliefs and other achievements and contributions, to show its integrity, sincerity, love, fun, open-minded life posture and life creed - I like Lotte Jun remember to take, the people of the past, Dongpo.
01. A straw raincoat rains and smokes to be flat life
Someone once said, if you want to select the most all-round talent in Chinese history, can only be Su Dongpo, prose, poetry, words, calligraphy, painting, almost everything is the world's first; if you want to select the history of China's most lovely man of letters, the only one that can be happy in the bitter, funny and humorous Su Dongpo.
Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101) word Zizhan, the name "Dongpo Jushi", known as "Su Dongpo". Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou, ancestral home Luan City. The famous prose writer, calligrapher, painter, lyricist and poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, is a representative of the bold and liberal school of lyricism. With his father Su Xun, his brother Su Zhe is known as the three Su in the eight great masters of the Tang and Song dynasties, and is also one of the eight great masters of the Tang and Song dynasties.
Su Shi's father, Su Xun, was mentioned in the Three Character Classic as "Su Laoquan", who was "twenty-seven years old and angry". In his later years, Su Shi recalled how he studied with his father in his early years and felt that he was y influenced by his father. This enabled Su Shi to receive good tutelage at an early age, and before he was crowned, he "learned to understand the classics and history, and wrote thousands of words on a daily basis", which also contributed to his later literary achievements.
In the first year of Jiayou, Su Shi, who was twenty-one years old, traveled to Beijing for the first time to take the imperial examinations. In the following year, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites, and won the appreciation of Ouyang Xiu, the examiner, with a paper entitled "The Essay on Punishment and Reward for Loyalty and Generosity". He joined the court at a time when the Northern Song Dynasty was beginning to experience a political crisis, a crisis behind the prosperity, when Emperor Shenzong assumed the throne and appointed Wang Anshi to support a change in the law. Many of Su Shi's friends and teachers, including his mentor Ouyang Xiu, who had initially appreciated him, were forced to leave the capital because of political disagreements with Wang Anshi, the new prime minister, over the implementation of the new law. On his way back to the capital, Su Shi saw the damage that the new law was doing to the common people, and because of his conservative political thinking, he disagreed with Wang Anshi's approach, and wrote a letter of opposition to the new law, believing that the new law would not be convenient for the people. One of the results of this is that, like his friends and teachers who were forced to leave the capital, he was not allowed to be in the court. So Su Shi asked for his own exile and was transferred to Hangzhou as a general judge.
Su Shi stayed in Hangzhou for three years, and after his term expired, he was transferred to Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places, as a magistrate. His political achievements were remarkable, and he won the hearts of the people. At that time, some people deliberately twisted his poems and made a big fuss in the name of satirizing the new law. In the second year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems to satirize the new law, which is known as the "Wutai Poetry Case". Fortunately, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin set a national policy of not killing the scholarly men, and Su Shi dodged a bullet.
After he was released from prison, Su Shi was demoted to the deputy envoy of the Huangzhou regiment. At this time, Su Shi has visited the Red Cliff Mountain outside Huangzhou many times, and wrote the Red Cliff Fugue, Red Cliff Fugue and Nian Nujiao - Red Cliff Huai Gu and other ancient masterpieces, as a way to send his relegation to the thought and feelings. In his spare time, he led his family to reclaim a piece of sloping land to the east of the city and planted fields to help make ends meet. The alias "Dongpo Jushi" is his name at this time.
Zhezong became the throne, high Queen Mother to listen to politics, Su Shi resumed his official duties into the dynasty. When Su Shi saw the old party in power, the corruption exposed to attack, thus, he caused the conservative forces of the strong opposition, and was framed.
Su Shi to this point is neither tolerated in the new party, but also can not be forgiven in the old party. He to Longtu Ge bachelor's identity, once again to the sixteen-year absence of Hangzhou when the governor. Su Shi in Hangzhou to repair a major water conservancy construction, dredging the West Lake, with the mud dug out of the West Lake next to build a dike, which is the famous "Su Causeway".
Su Shi in Hangzhou is very comfortable, compared to the Tang Dynasty Bai Juyi.
In the sixth year of the reign of Emperor Yuanyou, he was called back to the imperial court, but was soon sent out again because of political disagreements. In the eighth year of the Yuan-You era, he was again deported to Huiyang, and in 1097, Su Shi was deported again to Danzhou, which was even farther away. In the Song dynasty, banishment to Hainan was said to be a punishment only one degree less severe than beheading. When Emperor Huizong came to the throne, he was transferred to Lianzhou for resettlement, to Shuzhou as a deputy minister of regimentation, and to Yongzhou for resettlement. And then Jianzhong Jingguo died in Changzhou in the first year of the year, aged 64 years old, the imperial posthumous title Wenzhong (Gong).
Su Dongpo's life experience, several ups and downs, several storms, always in the world and out of the world between the repeated wanderings, in and out of the world, he can always turn around gracefully, and the view of contentment, in the chaos of recognizing themselves, do their own, adhere to their own, not forgetting the shape of the good times, adversity, not forgetting me, between the square inches, the original heart does not change.
02. Embroidery chapter, Zen life
Su Shi, a life of erudition, is a famous essayist, one of the eight greats of the Tang and Song dynasties, whose literary works mark the highest achievement of literary creation in the Northern Song Dynasty. His literary works marked the highest achievement of literary creation in the Northern Song Dynasty. For example, the Records of Mount Shizhong, the Records of the Pavilion of the Release of Cranes, etc., and the Red Cliff Fugue, after the Red Cliff Fugue for the recitation of the same masterpiece, and Ouyang Xiu, known as the "Ou Su".
Su Shi is a famous poet, both realism masterpiece, such as "five birds", "Li's Garden", "Lychee sigh"; and romanticism, such as "Touring Path Mountain", "Hundred Steps to Hong", overflowing with a majestic atmosphere, as well as the "Evening Scene of the Spring River in Chonghui," "Drinking on the lake after the first clearing of the rain," written in a fresh and clear, beautiful and natural, especially the latter has become the singing of Hangzhou's West Lake of the ancient masterpiece, and he is the same with the famous Song Dynasty poet Huang Tingjian. He was known as "Su Huang" together with Huang Tingjian, a famous poet of the Song Dynasty.
Su Shi is also an outstanding lyricist, opened up a bold style of lyrics, remembering travel, nostalgia, gifts and answers, farewell, reasoning into the words, the strict boundaries of sound and rhythm also have a breakthrough, and promote the development of the word. His masterpieces include "Nian Nujiao" and "Song of Water", etc. He was known as "Su Xin" together with Xin Qiji, an outstanding lyricist, and had a great influence on later generations.
Su Shi is also a famous calligrapher, specializing in line and regular script, he and Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Cai Xiang and known as the "Four Songs", since the cloud: "I book to create the idea of the original can not"; and the cloud: "from the new ideas, do not trample on the ancients! " In his later years, he held the trend of overseas wind and waves, coupled with learning, broad-mindedness, knowledge and insight everywhere, and a life of many ups and downs, its calligraphy style rich and tumbling, naive and vast, view its calligraphy can be imagined as a person.
Su Shi is also a famous painter, good at painting ink bamboo, also good at making ancient wood and rocks, advocating painting outside the feelings, painting to have a support, opposing similarity, opposing the program binding, advocating "poetry and painting of the same, heavenly work and freshness", and clearly put forward the concept of "scholarly painting", etc., for the subsequent "scholarly painting" concept. The concept of "literati painting" was explicitly put forward, which laid the theoretical foundation for the development of "literati painting" in the following years.
In fact, Su Dongpo's achievements in cooking are no less than his achievements in poetry and painting, "Huangzhou good pork, the price is as low as dirt. The expensive ones won't eat it, and the poor ones don't know how to cook it. Get up in the morning to play two bowls, full of their own family gentleman do not care." Su Dongpo's deep love of pork, but also wrote a famous limerick "Ode to Pork" specifically for it. Left to the present "Dongpo meat" is a good proof, then invented a lot of dishes, are still a household name. As a foodie, Su Shi's letters with his brother naturally. He often discussed food. In Huizhou, he wrote to his brother to show off eating scorpions: boiled and soaked in a small wine, sprinkle some salt baked to eat, can eat all day, really happy, as if eating crab cheeks.
In addition, he made important achievements in agriculture and water conservancy, education, music, medicine, mathematics, goldsmithing, aesthetics, and so on. What's more, he himself possessed the will to help the world, and every time he arrived at a new appointment, he exhausted his efforts and put the people first to benefit the people of the area, leaving behind a story for the ages.
Su Dongpo has unlimited enthusiasm for life and the love of life, such a person, wherever you go will be bright and clear.
03. Shy return should be negative for the flowering period, ten years of life and death two confused
Mentioned "ten years of life and death two confused. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to get it right, but I'm going to be able to get it right. I thought of Su Dongpo's first wife Wang Fu. She was a loving and affectionate person. Wang Fu smart and calm, know the books and manners, character "sensitive and quiet", can be called Su Shi in the career of the right-hand man. Two Su Shi also brought the court to ask Wang Fu, because he believed her, she is smart, knowledgeable, read a lot of books, so there is a "behind the scenes to listen to the words" of the ancient beauty of the story.
When Wang Fu died, Su Shi wrote a deep love of his wife Wang's epitaph. And in the burial of Wang Fu's hill personally planted 30,000 pine trees to send condolences. Until ten years later, the midnight dream, Su Shi still can not forget that period of time spent with Wang Fu ****, wrote so that future generations read the tears of the ancient song "Jiangchengzi".
"Tears are dry. Traveling funeral door, I less real grace. Only the same cave, still fulfill this statement." Wang Leunzhi, is Su Shi's second wife. Virtuous and gentle, especially to treat the son of Su Shi's ex-wife as if he were his own, she is a typical good mother. Wang Leunzhi accompanied Su Shi through the ups and downs of the official sea. The most difficult economic times, and Su Shi together picking wild vegetables, barefoot plowing. The two are experiencing a hard and warm years with each other.
A hundred days after Wang Leunzhi's death, he asked the painter Li Gonglin to draw ten enough to pass on the Luohan image dedicated to his wife's departed soul, and eleven years later, Wang Leunzhi's casket was buried with Su Shi, truly realizing the oath that life is the same room, death is the same cave.
"Beauty like spring garden, eyes like the morning sun," Wang Wang Yun, Su Shi's confidante and concubine. Dynasty cloud is a song and dance actress, the art is very proficient, quite Su Shi's favorite. Su Shi's favorite artist was Su Shi, who said, "Only Chaoyun can recognize me when I am out of fashion; I play the ancient tune alone, and I think of her every time it rains in the evening". Chao Yun followed Su Shi throughout his life, and the two lived together for twenty-two years, eventually dying of plague in Lingnan at the age of 34. Since then, Su Shi never renewed.
People because of love and soft, love because of love and moving, the most beautiful love in the world, nothing more than I like you, you also happen to like me, two love, two love. Both can red sleeve, but also hand in hand to support, the world's most beautiful feelings is just so, they *** with the world's beautiful men and women in the identification of love.
Su Shi in Chinese history is a far-reaching outstanding representatives, Su Shi's great achievements, in the history of Chinese literature, almost unique, can be called "the first ancient literati", he issued a blinding light so that the entire Northern Song Dynasty for the splendor of the literary world. Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty said: "Bai has the talent of Shi, but not the learning of Shi." Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty said of Su Shi: "He is a master of the hundred generations, a master of his own family, and a master of the light." Wang Anshi once commented on him, "I don't know how many more centuries there will be such a character. Su Dongpo: the most is the true flavor of the human world" focuses on Su Shi's unique way of life and life intelligence, between the lines shows his unique charisma, his unique spirit and thought, has long been integrated into the Chinese culture and history, and is still affecting the creation and inheritance of our endless culture.