With the introduction of the new language, it is important to recognize the importance of the Internet.
With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, computers are no longer wearing a mysterious veil, more and more people are beginning to deal with computers, and computers have become an indispensable part of many people's life, work and study. With the birth of a new thing will always produce a lot of incidental products, the late nineties, computer incidental products network will be like a fire, spreading the whole earth, it seems that the network is everywhere, everywhere. The virtual nature of the network has brought people great freedom, and thus won the favor of countless people. The development of the Internet has also produced its spinoff - Internet language. Mr. Gao Mingkai said: "Undoubtedly, in the new social environment, the creation of new things or the creation of concepts formed by human thinking activities as one of the social phenomena require changes and development of language as a tool of communication and thinking." Because of its special carrier and its virtual reality, network language presents the special and diversified nature that is rare in general language from the very beginning. People in this virtual world, in addition to the use of those standardized words, but also created a lot of words that can only be understood by regular Internet users.
I, the causes of network language, the composition of the form and characteristics
"If the frog is only one person to laugh at, no one knows the appearance of dinosaurs, if the face of loneliness only cigarettes and alcohol accompanied by, but only to participate in the **** share, in order to go beyond 1.2 billion times more than the cool, this is the power of the Internet. Net love, the power of the net gathering wolves." This is a popular online funny article. But if you do not understand the meaning of some of the "network language", you may not understand what is funny. Because in the chat room, BBS, OICQ, we compare the "frog" as a very ugly man, the "dinosaurs" as a very ugly woman, and the "wolf" as in the The "wolf" is compared to a bad guy on the Internet. Words with special meanings generated on the Internet are Internet terms. In the Dictionary of Chinese Internet Language edited by Yu Genyuan, the definition of "Internet language" is as follows: "'Internet language' is a product of the Internet. In the increasingly popular virtual space of the Internet, people's ways of expressing their thoughts and feelings should be different from their real-life expression habits, so some people create 'net language' that is both novel and infuriating and unintelligible. Most of the 'net language' is the transformation of some Chinese and English vocabularies by netizens in order to increase the input speed, and the linking and inlaying of words, pictures and symbols at will. From the point of view of standardized language expression, the use of Chinese characters, numbers and English letters mixed together in 'net language' will appear some strange words, wrong words, aliases, and completely sick sentences. But in the network, it is the authentic language loved by netizens." One of the causes of Internet language is for the convenience of typing. Internet access costs money, and the cost of Internet access is calculated per unit of time. If a person's typing speed is fast, then undoubtedly in the unit of time to enter the content will also be more, so some people in order to improve the speed will inevitably disregard the "quality", in the input of the text with the wrong words, aliases, strange words and so on. "In writing, if someone runs a magazine, a page, then called the moderator. On the Internet to strive for efficiency, may be typed wrong, the Internet to spend money, and even if you have money, you type slower, the other side may not take care of you, so a typed, it may be 'Bamboos'. With the use of it, and then thought it makes sense, in ancient times is the bamboo tears, in fact, bamboo is also very hard to chat with him, he had to accompany the chat, which is also a very good image, quite good." (Yu Genyuan)
The second reason for the formation of the Internet language is the use of Microsoft's intelligent input system. Because few people on the Internet can type with five strokes, it is common for people to use the QuanPin input system. Since many of the words on the system are not arranged according to the frequency of use, many people do not have the patience to ensure the accuracy of typing, so they use a large number of homophones instead until they form a new, recognized vocabulary. For example, just mentioned "bamboos", experienced people must know that when you type BANZHU, the first display is "bamboos". "The deeper problem of this objective cause is due to the bottleneck between Chinese characters and computers. The entry of Chinese characters into computers has not solved the problem of the Chinese language being able to flow freely on computers. Thousands of Chinese characters cannot be compared to a few dozen phonetic characters. Computers can process foreign languages much faster than Chinese characters. Therefore, the emergence of a wide variety of words on the Internet is an inevitable problem nowadays. The network urgently requires people to design more convenient and fast Chinese character processing software."
The psychology of Internet users is also a reason for the formation of Internet language. The main users of Internet language are young college students, middle school students, technicians and so on, this group has been well educated, they are lively and curious, full of innovative consciousness. Internet language not only represents high efficiency, but also is full of a sense of trend and avant-garde that seeks for newness and changes and constantly breaks through stereotypes. This kind of creative, breakthrough language is naturally popular among young people.
There are many different forms of Internet language, which can be summarized as follows:
1. Phonetic Harmony.
1. Phonetic Harmonization. Phonetic Harmonization can be divided into numerical harmonization and textual harmonization
Two kinds of harmonization.
(1) Numeric Harmony: usually refers to the pronunciation of 10 Arabic numerals, combined into a series of easy to remember, easy to input words. For example: "7758" means "kiss me"; "886" means "BYE-BYE, goodbye! "; "7456" means "I'm so angry", this is through the pronunciation of Chinese characters and numbers of similar pronunciation, from the pronunciation of numbers to harmonize the pronunciation of Chinese characters, to achieve the effect of meaning and speed. For example, "7758" can be completed with only four keystrokes, while "Kiss me" requires seven to eight keystrokes, which is far behind the former in terms of efficiency. Another example: "9494" means "that's it"; "8 wrong" means "not bad"; "1314520" means "I love you for a lifetime"; "7456" means "I'm so mad at you! ", this kind of harmonic is not through the pronunciation of the Mandarin to harmonize, but according to the dialect to harmonize. In many parts of China, especially in the south, S and SH are indistinguishable, so the phenomenon of using 4 to harmonize SHI occurs.
(2) Harmonization of Chinese Characters: In addition to the consideration of convenient input, this way has more of a flirtatious and humorous meaning. For example: "prawn" is the harmonic of "warrior", referring to computer experts; due to some higher level of computer enthusiasts due to long-term addiction to the computer and hunchback, similar to prawns, and thus by "warrior" harmonic "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", "prawn", and so on. "The harmonic" prawn "appears, out of nowhere more witty humor. Also, for example, "board axe" is "version of the vice" of the harmonics, "bamboo" "board pig" is The "moderators" of the harmonic.
2, text escape type. In the network, netizens to some words and add some of these words itself does not
have the meaning, but these meanings and words with the very image. For example, "irrigation" this refers to the water poured or loaded into the container, on the network is said to be in the chat room or BBS speech randomly written, is a common vocabulary on the BBS; "making bricks" refers to the heart to write, refers to the posters on the heart to write something. A good BBS is to have brick but also water. Irrigation and brick-making for active a BBS has a thousand and one; "upstairs and downstairs" is a BBS commonly used words, used to refer to the post above and below the post.
3, symbols pictorial type. Netizens use the keyboard to arrange the combination of various symbols to create a lot of new pictorial expression, or to shape the meaning, or pictorial metaphors, the effect of its expression often gives people a refreshing feeling. Take "smile" as an example, ":-" is the most common and basic smiley face, ":-D" indicates a very happy open-mouth smile; ":-)" indicates a smile "8-)" which is a special smile for the eyeglasses family; ";-)" refers to a winking smile; "1-D "Haha's laugh; "l-P" is a belly laugh, this kind of net language is also: with ":- (" to express sadness and grief; ":-!" to show disdain, and so on.
4, English-Chinese abbreviated type. English-Chinese abbreviations are mostly abbreviations of common English words. The netizens who use such abbreviations
know more or less common English. Common abbreviations include: AFAIK (as far as I know); BTW (By the way); JAM (Just a moment); CU (See you); OIC (Oh, I see); R U THERE (Are you there?). Are you there? English diminutives can be divided into two types, one is to use the first letter of each word or phrase to indicate the whole sentence, e.g. AFAIK, BTW, JAM; the other is to diminish the word or phrase by using the similar pronunciation between letters and words, e.g. CU, OIC, R U THERE, and sometimes both ways are used at the same time, e.g. CUL (See you later) goodbye. Of course, there are also a lot of Chinese abbreviations, for example: "MM" means sister; "GG" means brother; "BB" means baby. This is the use of Hanyu Pinyin consonants to represent a word. After the words are abbreviated, the input speed is definitely much faster than that of standardized Chinese or English.
By roughly analyzing the types of Internet language, we can easily see that there is a big difference between Internet language and standard language. In general, Internet language has the following characteristics:
1. Creativity. This is the above examples have been very clear, in the introduction of symbols pictogram type network language, about the laugh of the example of the reader is expected to have experienced, do not need to do more analysis. There are so many strange ideas in the Internet language, and the list is endless. Perhaps netizens feel that the Internet is a virtual space, the way to express their thoughts and feelings is different from the way people express their habits in real life, so they try their best to create new and strange words on the Internet, and they have the strength of "not shocking death".
2. Convenience. Convenience is an important reason for the formation and development of the above three types of Internet languages.
These three types of Internet languages can increase the speed of communication and improve the quality of life. It increases the speed of communication and saves the time of typing and the cost of surfing the Internet.
3. Entertainment. An important motivation for Internet users to access the Internet is to "find fun", and Internet users in the interactive process to form a unique language undoubtedly increases the fun of communication, so that the Internet has become a relaxing and interesting things. In turn, many netizens in the process of looking for fun, and create a large number of fresh net language, and constantly enrich the vocabulary of the network language.
4. Irregularity. This is the inevitable consequence of the first three characteristics. From the standardized Chinese expression, the network language in Chinese characters, numbers, English letters, and text symbols mixed use, strange words, wrong words, aliases endless, completely sick sentence. Experts believe that this language is too random, unstable, just young people's fashionable word games.
5, keyboard characteristics. The use of special characters on the computer keyboard expression is also a feature of the network language. The history of this keyboard emoticon can be traced back to 1986, a Japanese Internet user in the end of the network message added a "^_^" symbol, like a squinting eyes in the face of a smile, and since then this expression began to take the world by storm. Inspired by this, netizens created a series of Internet language symbols characterized by the keyboard. The use of keyboard symbols make in the network conversation on the computer screen appeared a cartoon image, not only more vivid, but also reflects the network communication "hypertext" characteristics.
6. Subjectivity. Network language is more rich in subjective color, it ignores the traditional grammar, as you like, and there is a tendency to become more and more casual, more and more trying to break through the constraints. A network article has this sentence: "Only after falling in love, I realized that it's a bit chicken ribs." The anomaly of "a little bit of chicken ribs" is an often-used technique in Internet language, which is good at bringing out new ideas from commonly used words.
7. Mixture. To a certain extent, Internet language is a mixture of different national languages, which shows the creativity, arbitrariness and simplicity of the vocabulary of Internet language in terms of form and expression. For example: "3Q" (THANK YOU) thank you; "B4" (BEFORE) before; "ME 2" (ME TOO) me too, and so on.
8, figurative. We have just mentioned the keyboard features can reflect the figurative nature of the Internet language, in addition, the figurative nature of the Internet language is also manifested in some figurative Internet language. For example, the Internet users are called "Internet bugs", so the primary Internet users are "crawlers", the senior Internet users are "flying insects", and "this way" is even "this way". "The "this way" even for the "sauce purple" (by the influence of Hong Kong and Taiwan accent), both visual effect, but also implies the effect of taste.
It can be said that these features of Internet language coincide with the sociological characteristics of Internet users. According to previous surveys, we know that about 80% of Internet users are under 30 years old, and the proportion of those with college education or above is also around 80% (see the second issue of Society 1999, Wang Yonggang, "Who's on the Internet"). This is a good indication of the characteristics of this group of Internet users: firstly, they are young and secondly, they are educated. These people are active in thinking, like new things, advocate innovation, and are not willing to bear too many constraints in real life. In addition, they not only use this language when surfing the Internet, but also begin to use this language in their lives and studies, especially students.
The influence of Internet language on people's study and life
Young students are the main group of Internet users, and in some primary and secondary schools, Internet language has become the mantra of many students, and even in the classroom, we often hear students use it. Is Internet language a word game of the new generation, or a positive development of modern Chinese language? What are the attitudes of people from all walks of life towards it?
1. Students find it interesting, fashionable and convenient.
(1) Some students said that the use of language should be unconventional, and the vivid and interesting Internet language is lively and humorous, very convenient and fashionable, and very popular among students. Whoever talks to others in a serious manner on the Internet will be ridiculed and laughed at.
(2) Some students said that the vivid and interesting language of the Internet is actually the same as the comedy, sketches, is also a reflection of the charm of the language, a lot of best-selling online novels such as the "First Close Encounters", "Diary of Piggy" is filled with "beauty", "frog" and other Internet language. "Such network language, read people refreshing, if these words are replaced by orthodox expression, it is much less readable.
(3) A boy with six years of Internet experience said: "I have been chatting on QQ since my first year of high school, and now I spend more than six hours on the Internet every day. I'm so used to using Internet language, it's hard to change in life."
(4) A junior student at a middle school in Lanzhou said that the use of Internet language among students was very friendly. Teachers do not favor the use of this language, but they still can not help but write, because they feel that this language to write things, say the words are very vivid.
(5) A sophomore student at a secondary school in Lanzhou said that Internet language is a language derived from the Chinese language family to adapt to the high-speed society, which can increase the affinity and freshness of communication, but if it is used indiscriminately and used apart from the Internet as a carrier, it will be a blasphemy of the language and writing.
(6) A senior student of a middle school in Lanzhou said that the Internet language is very graphic and convenient, and many symbols are also very suitable for cell phones, which brings a lot of benefits for sending text messages.
2. Teachers believe that Internet language impacts language teaching
(1) A language teacher at a senior high school in Lanzhou City said that because of the influence of Internet language, some students would suddenly come up with a word from the Internet in their compositions. Some older teachers can't understand what it means. In normal teaching, we ask students to use colloquial language in their writing, but when they receive their essays, some of them still use words such as "kubi" and "kawaii". He believes that if this is not guided, students are likely to develop bad habits that do not regulate the use of language and writing.
(2) A language teacher at a secondary school in Lanzhou said that students are under pressure to take exams and go to higher education, and that in such realities, the use of Internet language will only bring "insecurity" to them. Marking teachers generally do not buy the network language, which will affect their test scores.
(3) I don't encourage my students to use Internet language in their essays, says a middle school language teacher in Lanzhou. Every time I see students using Internet language in their essays, I want to stop them because it is not in line with the language norms. Sometimes, in the characters of the dialogue quoted in the identity of the network language will add color to the article, this is a kind of language to use, but not abuse.
3, parents think that the network language so that they form a generation gap with their children
(1) a parent said inadvertently found his daughter's diary has this text: "...... did not think that my closest friends actually cheated on me, TMD, 7456, I can not wait to a foot! TST." The parent read it and didn't know what to make of it until the child explained it to her and she understood. She said, "What's this? The diary has become a code book and I can't understand it. It seems that there is already a 'network gap' between me and my child."
(2) Xiaonan, who lives in Chengguan District, was good at writing essays when she was in elementary school. After entering middle school, Nan became obsessed with the Internet. Recently, the teacher said at a parent-teacher conference that she couldn't understand some of Nan's essays, and that she had used the words "PF," "BT," and "4242" in her writing. The mother turned over her daughter's composition book and saw that the teacher had written circles in red pen all over the place, all of which were unintelligible Internet language.
(3) Some parents believe that in order to protect their children from the influence of Internet language, it is necessary to keep them away from the Internet. But the children said that the Internet world is rich and colorful, and the use of the Internet can gain a lot of knowledge, which makes parents have a dilemma.
4, experts believe that tolerance is more important than stifling
(1) Experts say that Internet language is also a language practice, and the fact that it is popular among students shows that it has vitality. However, if most people can't understand what is written in Internet language, it affects communication and loses the meaning of the language. Meanwhile, parents and teachers should look at this phenomenon with tolerance and understanding.
(2) Tang Jifu, a professor at the Chinese Department of Tianjin Normal University, believes that the faster and more rapidly the society develops, the more the language will be enriched and updated. For the emergence of Internet popular language can not simply judge the right and wrong, it enters people's lives need to be a gradual process of acceptance, so the Internet language tolerance is more important than stifling. Nowadays, many teachers and parents worry that the extensive use of Internet language in the composition will affect the children's examination results, this idea is actually unscientific. In our country vigorously advocate comprehensive quality education today, quality education to replace the examination education is an inevitable trend, some of the vivid vitality of the language will no longer become a taboo college entrance examination essay.
(3) Zhu Dongliang, an associate professor at Xiamen University's Department of Sociology, believes that these young people are using a simplified form of communication on the Internet, and that Internet language is a specific language and code for this group. The parents' concern is valid and deserves the attention of linguists, but it's too soon to conclude that the generation gap is deepening because of the use of Internet language.
(4) Prof. Wang, a professor of linguistics in Nanjing, said that in the long-term development of a language, some new words will emerge, some of which will have vitality and some of which will be eliminated, and that some of these new Internet words may become new vocabulary in the Chinese language. Internet language is a kind of flirtation language for young people, but it also has a problem of vitality. There is a process of removing the false from the true and the rough from the fine. Don't make a big fuss about the emergence of Internet language, don't regard it as a flood and a ferocious beast, we should look at the influence of Internet language on students objectively, and can't kill Internet language with a stick. Internet language reflects a certain social phenomenon and is recognized by a certain group of people, so there is no need to stop it artificially. For example, some popular slang and colloquialisms have a strong vitality, and facts have proved that these languages have only benefits but no disadvantages for the society. But if it is unhealthy language such as the black language of the rivers and lakes, then it should be resolutely stopped.
Third, the attitude towards Internet language
The attitude of experts towards Internet language has gone through a process from disdain to research. The emergence of the Internet language dictionary reminds people of the 1958 word reform, when the main tasks of the word reform were: to simplify the Chinese characters to make it easier for the general public to grasp and use, so as to eliminate illiteracy among the general public in a more, better, faster, and more economical way, to popularize and improve the culture; and to promote the promotion of Putonghua in order to eliminate the barrier of dialects and promote the further unification of the Chinese language, so as to make our language can better serve the socialist construction of our country. To serve the socialist construction of our country. Nowadays, the vernacular language is also inspired by the computer network and multimedia to derive the novel net language, which has an epoch-making significance in the history of language.
Language is a kind of culture, and innovation is the key to a nation's cultural future. In this sense, the use of new words is not terrible, but if the language is rigid, poor vocabulary, that is the real tragedy. If the system of vocabulary has only the basic words, which are always stable, the language will have no vitality to speak of. Therefore, while stipulating certain norms, it is necessary to allow for the existence of ambiguities, but it is even more necessary to actively absorb those elements that can contribute to the enrichment and development of the language apart from the norms of the time. In December 2001, held the "national Chinese vocabulary norms academic seminar", more than 40 experts and scholars of the *** knowledge is: can not be general word norms of the characteristics of the new vocabulary requirements. Treating new vocabulary to be tolerant, to have "vocabulary protection" consciousness, but also to have "taste" consciousness and "normative degree" consciousness. Specifically to the "network language", experts believe that the network word is a new word in the alternative, whether to regulate now, and how to regulate is still to be seen. Language is constantly developing, constantly evolving, the Wei Jin and North and South Dynasties Buddhist language was applied to a large number of Chinese, the May Fourth period, a large number of Western languages into the promotion of the formation of today's vernacular language. The Internet language is a derivative of the computer is the network, it is a manifestation of technological progress, of course, there are also many uncivilized content, so we should take the essence of the process of use, remove the bad platinum. After all, the rise of the Internet is not long, with the passage of time, in line with the norms of the language will remain, while those who do not comply with the norms of the natural elimination. Language is a reflection of the times, and to a certain extent, Internet language is also a reflection of the current Internet era, which is closely related to the way of life and state of mind of modern people. Prof. Gu Xiaoming of Fudan University said: "Internet language and its writing style are profoundly affecting the daily life of young people nowadays. At the beginning of this century, the vernacular language was the most revolutionary in the history of language, resulting from the popularization of media such as broadcasting, movies and modern printing. Now, on the threshold of the new century, the vernacular language, inspired by computer networks and multimedia, has given rise to the novel 'net language' and 'net language writing', which are closely linked to the language of the new generation of young people and will become the language of the new century. " In addition, cyber language in some aspects also conforms to the law and trend of Chinese language and language development. For example, it does make the Chinese language take a step forward from epigraphic language to epigraphic language through the way of harmonization, and it makes up for some deficiencies in the speed of inputting Chinese characters on computers to a certain extent through the way of abbreviation, etc. In daily life and online communication, the Internet language has become the most popular language in the world. In daily life and online communication, there is no harm in using some unstandardized but vivid language. As a writer said: "If an elementary school student writes a composition using some of the Internet language students can understand, but only the teacher can not understand, then we all know who the problem is." In the process of language teaching, the teacher should correctly guide students to correctly standardize the use of language and writing, but should not firmly stop students from using fresh and lively civilized net language, but should make students understand what is the normative use, in what kind of occasion to use what kind of language. Yu Genyuan said: "Norms are meant to promote development, and what restricts development is not norms in the true sense of the word". Treating network language we should not rush to regulate it this way and that way, not to mention hostile, should take a tolerant attitude, in time to find gold.