The history of raising red seeds in Beijing is long and complicated, but a considerable part of it has long been lost.
First, the classification of red children!
Red seeds are widely distributed, almost all over the country. According to hundreds of years of farming experience, people usually distinguish according to the place of origin. There are Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Jiangnan.
Hebei Hongzi: divided into Handan Hongzi and Xingtai Hongzi. The red son of Handan is the largest known red son. Capillary, light in color, off-white, with black claws and mouth. There is almost no sound and no water. Although it is a bird in Hebei province, Hongzi in Xingtai is the best in China. High notes have good sound quality. But there are many problems, so it's called "Jojo". Xingtai Hongzi is also a top grade from Xingtai General Temple, but it has long since ceased to exist.
Shandong red and purple: medium-sized, with fine pores and white color, with good ornamental effect. However, the timbre is not round enough, with less high notes and less sex.
Henan Hongzi: The producing areas of Henan Hongzi are relatively concentrated. The famous areas producing monascus are Zhumadian, Nanyang, Puyang, Anyang, Zhoukou and Lankao. Most of these areas are sandy soil with few trees. The remarkable characteristics of Henan Hongzi are gray claws, small size, thick hair, black and dirty hair. Henan Hongzi generally has a good timbre, and there are many high notes, which are rare. Now it has become the main product of Beijing Hongzi Market.
Jiangnan Hongzi: Jiangnan Hongzi is smaller, one head smaller than Henan Hongzi, with coarse and dirty hair and white claws. The timbre is soft and watery.
Second, the choice of the red child
Pay attention to the following points when choosing a red child.
1 gender
It's hard to tell the sex of Hongzi from the appearance, but careful observation shows that the male tail is slightly arched and the female tail is straight. But it's not safe. You need to look at your abdomen. Holding a red child in his hand, blowing off the feathers on his abdomen. The male abdomen is purple, not completely naked, with sparse black fluff. The female has a red belly, naked and hairless. This applies to most birds and can be used as the fundamental basis for all bird friends to choose sex. )
2. Place of origin.
Picking red seeds, the place of origin is very important. The geographical differences of macro-children are obvious, and the standard of distinction is even accurate to "village" In the famous producing area of Hongzi, there are often such performances: the Hongzi caught in this village has many voices and good timbre; However, the quality of red seeds caught in neighboring villages is far from perfect!
Moreover, the quality of red seeds currently on the market is the best in Henan. But how to identify whether a red seed is produced in Henan? This requires a detailed understanding of the characteristics of Henan Hongzi. Henan Hongzi is small and sometimes looks dirty. But it is not because of dirt or backlog that this effect is caused. Careful observation shows that the feather stems of Henan Hongzi are very thick, and the feathers are thick and thin. In particular, the feathers on the abdomen and shoulders of new birds are generally "whipped". The tail feather is tight, small, closed and rod-shaped.
Step 3 make love.
It's so red. It should be big. When you get big, you rush. Once sex is tamed, singing will be strong and lasting. In the bird market, more than a dozen red dice are often put together, making it easier to choose. When the lid is slightly opened, birds will behave in various ways. Some are timid and will fly around; Some will lie on the cage wall (commonly known as "Pabang" in Beijing), their heads will keep swinging slightly, and their eyes will look around; Others are squatting at the bottom of the cage, their heads leaning forward and pressing down, and their whole bodies are motionless. Don't worry about the first two kinds of birds, the focus is on this latter one.
There are two possibilities for this behavior of birds: the lowest sexual desire or the highest sexual desire. How to distinguish? You can poke Hiroko gently with the handle of his cheat sheet. Small birds usually fly away. But big bird is not. He will stay where he is, being poked by you, without any response.
The sexiest red kid has a performance called "Stretching Neck and Pressing Bar". Is the bird standing on the bar, the body kept swinging down to both sides, the top hair and tail tilted, wings bounced off, accompanied by "pa! Hey! " Sound. But this kind of behavior is rare at present.
4. Qualifications
Choosing a good place of origin and personality depends on the qualification of this red child. The quality of qualifications is mainly judged by appearance, and there are some experiences and laws as follows.
1 thin top hair. Ge You once said, "Busy roads don't grow grass, but smart heads don't grow hair". Although it's a joke, it's perfect for Hiroko. The talented Hiroko has thin, thin and short feathers on her head. (In fact, this applies not only to the red son, but also to other birds. You might as well have a try)
Among the red seeds produced in the same area, the bigger one is better.
3 eyes should be big and bulging, so red children are big.
4. The head shape should be a splint head. Seen from the front, it is a trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and the top of the head should be pointed.
The mouth should be long, sharp and thin, tightly closed and without gaps.
6 shawl (that is, white face) should be big, hung on the back, and even pulled out white silk. This is a manifestation of male characteristics.
7 In the case of determining the same origin, the claws should be as white as possible. Red so-called white claws, that is, claws are blue-gray
In addition, you can also judge what is wrong with a bird from its appearance. Some Hong Niao's mouths are short and thick, and this bird is likely to sting the cage when it is brought back. Some have long mouths and long shells, and some have lower hooks. This bird is used to looking for food in the cracks in the bark of the wild, and there may be problems such as licking feces and hiding insects when it is kept in captivity.
Hiroko's mouth shell is black. Some birds have white beaks (the position of the middle seam), which is the characteristic that Hongzi is about to sing or has already started singing. Be careful when choosing this kind of bird. If the white-billed bird's hair is fine (relative to the new bird), then it is best not to buy it, so as not to become a bird that others think is bad in the future.
3. Eating in peacetime
1 initial feed
Pay special attention to the newly bought red seeds in the early stage. If it is not properly raised, it will be frightened, which will often stimulate and induce its potential problems.
Newly bought birds should be covered and hung high. Try not to cover it except adding meals and changing water. You can start building in two weeks. In the early morning, you can roll the skirt to about two fingers wide and put it down in half an hour. Subsequently, the lid can be rolled higher and higher every day, and the time is gradually lengthened. From the beginning to the complete uncovering, the conservative approach is to master it in about 3 weeks. The time can be half an hour to two and a half hours. After fully adapting, you can cover it for about 8 hours every day, once in the morning and afternoon, 4 hours each time, and cover it at noon to let him rest.
2. About walking birds.
I don't agree with Hiroko's statement that she won't leave or call. Due to personal constraints, I never walk Hong Haier, but it still barks. It's good to walk it every day, but as long as you get into the habit, it will bark, but sex is relatively smaller than that of Hong Haier who walks every day, and it doesn't bark enough.
Red children who can't walk can usually cover them with hoods and cover them regularly every day to let them sing. Because Hiroko is a big bird, his main purpose is to "suppress" him. In addition, it can also play the role of not distracting and making it concentrate on singing.
3. Feed formula
Old Beijing raises red seeds, paying attention to grain as the basis and bean flour as the ingredient. The usual formula is: corn flour 40%, mung bean flour 20%, egg yolk 40%, peanut flour 1%. The specific production process is: mix corn flour and mung bean flour, wrap them in drawer cloth, put them in a pot for dry steaming for 20 minutes, then take them out and cool them, and rub them evenly with cooked egg yolk. Peel peanuts, beat them into fine foam, and mix them with the mixed powder evenly. In different seasons, the proportion of various ingredients should be adjusted appropriately. Reduce peanut powder appropriately in spring and summer, and increase the proportion of egg yolk slightly; Appropriately increase peanut powder in autumn and winter, and slightly reduce the proportion of egg yolk.
Step 4 supplement feed
Hongzi's supplementary feed is mainly various insects (commonly known as live food in Beijing).
Spring is the estrus of birds. At this time, the proportion of peanut powder should be reduced, egg yolk should be increased and insects should be supplemented appropriately to provide nutrition for gonad development. In this way, you can "release" Hongzi's sex and urge him to sing.
In summer, Hongzi is in molting stage, and the singing sound is obviously reduced. At this time, raising red seeds is the key. The fat content in feed should be further reduced and animal protein should be supplemented. Cicada is the best. Cut it open from the abdomen every day and put it in a cage to let it peck freely, which can not only supplement protein, but also promote it to shed its skin.
In autumn and winter, the content of fat in feed can be increased to increase the fat in red seeds and make them overwinter safely. In winter, you can occasionally peck Hiroko with a small piece of lard.
In addition to the above points, it should also be noted that if you have a red son, it is best not to have other breasts. Because red children are weak, they are easy to be "smashed", especially sunspots.
Four. Feeding and learning of young birds
Red-headed trees (birds that have changed their hair after living in the wild for a while) are simple to raise and convenient to manage. However, Hiroko is dead, and once the oral period is over, she will never make a sound again. Therefore, in order to cultivate a noisy Hong Haier, many people like to raise young fish. Every year around 5. 1, Hongzi Xiaoyu goes on the market. You can buy more and screen later.
1 select
Children can catch a catchy word, but if they are not "right" children, the timbre they call out will be poor. According to the different places of origin, the number of young fish learning is not the same. Children in Henan are better, learn faster and have more voices. It is worth mentioning that the young fish produced in Beijing are very vocal.
The sex selection of young fish is the same as that of old birds. Male breasts are purple since childhood, and chest hair has been there since childhood. Hiroko's young birds are divided into three types: young birds, stumps and hot hairs. Chicks are young birds that can't fly yet and can only lie in their nests; Stump is a young bird, it can stand by the nest and even fly; Hot hair is a bird that has been able to feed itself and live independently.
Step 2 feed
After the chicken is bought, keep warm. At first, it was made into a thin paste with fresh mutton bubble+calcium tablets+various trace elements, and the chicken was fed with tweezers. Every 1.5 hours from 7: 00 am. After feeding, the bird will shit. Normal feces should be grouped and covered with film for easy cleaning. Later, you can feed it with mutton strips and stick the prepared adult feed to get him used to it.
Step 3 organize
Hiroko's study period is very short, generally only 1 week-10 days. After the critical period, it will no longer be catchy. So when does Hiroko's semester start? To be exact, it started on the 25th day after the birds hatched from eggs. If you can't know the time accurately, you can infer it from the performance of the chicks. When the small fish can practice flapping their arms in the nest, it is about the 25th day, which is the beginning of learning spoken English. From this day on 10, if you want to give a note to Xiaoyu, find an old Hong Haier with this note and good timbre as a teacher, put the Xiaoyu in a cage, cover it and listen. When the semester of 10 days has passed, there is no need to detain Xiaohong.
As to whether it is possible to bet on birds with tapes or CDs, this is a matter of opinion. In my personal understanding, it is difficult to bet correctly and I don't know why. Personal guess is the reason of tapes, CDs and other carriers: birds' songs are composed of many frequencies, some of which cannot be recorded by artificial carriers. These unrecorded frequencies may be very important for the study of Hiroko. So it is difficult to talk to birds with tapes or CDs. Generally speaking, Xiaohong can play around 10. 1. Before that, it's best to find a few talkative old redheads to take him around and help him play. According to their own qualifications, some young people learn more sounds, while others learn less sounds.
There are many young children born in reverse. The so-called anti-life refers to artificially filled young fish, but they are very afraid of people. They hit everyone, but they can't change it. They are not as honest as domesticated old birds. In order to avoid the rebirth of young fish, it is best to contact it as much as possible every day, such as holding a cage, teasing with your hands and often going to busy places.
The voices of five red sons
There are a lot of Hongziyin, which is different from place to place. Generally speaking, it can be divided into five categories: choking, chirp, chirp, flat stab and chirp. )
1 "Choke"
There are four types of asphyxia: asphyxia, asphyxia, chain asphyxia and asphyxia. Take choking as an example, which are called choking, choking and choking respectively.
"Chain choke" and "mother choke" are rare, and few people have heard of them.
2. "Li Yiyin"
There are four kinds of "Li Yi Yin": Li Yi Hong Er, Li Yi Bang Er, Li Yi Shui Er and Yi Li Hey Er. Take "Li Yi Hong Er" as an example, and call it "Li Yi Hong Er Li Yi Hong Er Yi Li, Li Yi Hong Er Yi Li". Generally speaking, there is only one slow sound called speed.
3. "Wow!"
There is only one kind of "hehe", which is called "hehe, hehe, hehe". There are two names for speed: fast and slow.
4. "Pingci"
"Pingji" refers to sounds other than the above three, which are divided into Pingji and Pingji. Gao Ping's poems include Choking Red and Choking Stick. There are several kinds of ordinary flat words, such as "Haw Hong Er", "Haw Bang Er" and "Haw Shui Er", which are also divided into fast and slow sounds. Flat tones require obvious "falling notes", that is, the last note should have obvious stress.
5. Jojo
"Haw" sounds like a machine gun, which is very fast. The sound of "Haw" must be louder than the sound.
"Haw" is Hiroko's natural mouth, because when the old bird feeds the bird, it is to tease the bird with the cry of "Haw". Therefore, "tweet" is basically available to every red child. There are almost no red children who don't tweet, but they don't like to scream at ordinary times. The red child's name "choo choo" also depends on external influences. If there is always a red child who likes to call "Jojo" to seduce, then those who don't like to call will also be called out. And once it is called out, it can't be changed.
The name "Jojo" is miscalculated in the tradition of raising red children in old Beijing, but there are still serious problems, mainly depending on the positioning of "Jojo". If a red child calls a short "tweet" after calling the prompt, then this error is allowed. If you add a long "chirp" in the process of making a phone call and then continue to make a phone call, then this phenomenon is called "whipping knife", which is a very serious mistake and cannot be tolerated. This red child is regarded as waste.
A Hong Niao is a good bird if it can pronounce three or four flat characters. If there is a high bet of 1-2, it is the top grade. How to judge the quality of a red scream? That is, the more voices, the better, the higher the pitch, the slower the call, and the louder the call.
Six, red son's fault
Old Beijing is very particular about raising Hongzi. Some of Hiroko's behaviors are defined as "mistakes", and the value of a wrong Hiroko will drop sharply. So, what are the mistakes? Arrange the mistakes of the red child in the order from heavy to light as follows.
1 Eating meat, pecking claws and tearing hairs
The biggest mistake is eating meat. Some red sons will gradually peck at the flesh of the chest and thighs, or even eat only the keel and thigh bones. The lighter one is the pecking claw, which will peck off your own feet. Other birds will tear off the hair on their tails and wings. Eating meat and pecking at claws cannot be corrected. The specific reason is not clear. Even if you supplement trace elements, adjust your diet, or walk the birds, you can't correct it. Some hair is torn artificially, and some small fish are filled artificially. When it is young, its flight feathers will be cut off to avoid its flight. When he grows up and the feathers grow back, he will be very unaccustomed and tear them off.
2. It's called "Jojo"
As mentioned in the previous section, it will not be repeated here.
3. somersault, head up
It is also a serious mistake for some birds to somersault and lift their heads in cages.
Step 4 drill a bar
The red child is drilling around under the bar, and a "baffle" can be added under the bar to correct it artificially.
Step 5 separate the cage
Some people with red hair habitually peck at cages and even peck off fences. This is related to Hongzi's living habits in the wild. In the wild, it is used to looking for food in the cracks in the bark, so it pecks at the cage under artificial breeding.
Step 6 bounce the ball
Stand on the bar and bounce in place repeatedly.
7 lugang
Stand on the bar, rub it from one end to the other, rub it back, and repeat.
8. Diao shit
Pick up feces for fun, even in food and water tanks.
9. Lafayette shit
Jump in the cage, excrete at the same time, and throw feces everywhere.
7. Matters needing attention in buying red dice
To buy red seeds, in addition to judging the place of origin and choosing the best, the most important thing is to see whether the red seeds are "returned to the original". Some people have a good relationship with bird vendors and will string back their faulty red seeds. Therefore, you must be careful when buying to prevent buying red that others have eliminated.
Careful observation shows that the red seeds have capillaries, which are hypertrophy and thickening. The most obvious thing is that the mouth is white. Because once Hongzi is about to start singing under artificial breeding, her mouth will turn white. So be sure to choose birds with black and rough fur and black mouths.
Some bird vendors will classify their birds into 40, 60 and 80 grades, and they will also say that expensive birds have heard a few times. Don't believe these words at all, because in their breeding situation, few red children can bark, and they are only graded according to their looks. So you can buy it by your own eyesight and judgment.
The season for buying red seeds is from autumn to April of the following year, especially in February and March. During this period, Hong Haier's gonads are about to develop, and it is easy to have sex. Don't buy old birds when there are small fish, stumps and hot hair in the market. At this time, the gonad of the old bird has been fully developed, which is difficult to tame. Even in the next spring, it may not be called out.
Although Hiroko has a lot of attention, the contingency far exceeds the standards of all aspects. Maybe the red one you picked completely meets the selection criteria, but there is still something wrong with the sound; It is not uncommon for a red child to be completely unqualified, but his voice is very nice. The above selection criteria are based on the experience of playing red dice in old Beijing for hundreds of years, which has certain regularity, but there are also many accidental factors. So, playing red dice is like buying lottery tickets. No matter how much you spend, what you buy is always a "hope".