The characteristics of Dai DanceThe Dai people's residence is mostly bordered by Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam, etc. The Dai people are good at absorbing the cultural essence from the four directions and can be melted into the ancient culture of their own nation, which, after a long period of development, has formed the characteristics of Dai Dance of many varieties and diverse forms.
One hand of the Dai Dance: the thumb is clasped back and placed on the front side of the thigh.
Side one hand: both wrists snake back, hands should be a little curved, thumbs to the back of the clasp, arm slightly bent, in the thigh 2 side.
Back one hand: hands behind hips, not together, slightly apart, hands not too far away from the body, hands should be a little curved, thumbs snapped back towards the back, arms slightly bent.
Side one hand: hands on one register of the body, similar to one hand.
The movements of the Dai dance are mostly graceful, with a gentle rhythm, but they are soft on the outside and strong on the inside, full of inner strength. There are both elegant and light "Gomer Hat Dance", but also flexible, proud and healthy, agile, and full of masculinity of the elephant foot drum dance, knife dance, fist dance, etc. In the peacock dance performance, there is the "Gomer Hat Dance". In the performance of Peacock Dance, sometimes the rhythm is slow and single, the movement is stretched and the feelings are inherent and implicit, sometimes the rhythm is fast and changeable, the movement is flexible and jumping, and the feelings are wild and bold. The Dai dance is characterized by the unique flexion and extension of the rhythm and the formation of the hands, feet, body "three curves" modeling characteristics, as well as rigid and flexible, static and dynamic with the unique performance style, y loved by the masses.
The classification of Dai DanceThe Dai Dance has many varieties and forms, and its popularity is also very wide, and each has its own characteristics. The representative programs can be divided into three categories: self-indulgence, performance and ritual.
Self-indulgent dance self-indulgent programs are "Gaguang", "Elephant Foot Drum Dance", "Yelahui" and "Shouting Half Light", etc., of which the most representative ones are "Gaguang", "Yelahui" and "Shouting Half Light". "
The most representative programs are "Gaguang" and "Elephant Foot Drum Dance".
"Gaguang" is a Dai language, "ga" for jumping or dancing, "light" refers to the drum, but also has the meaning of gathering and piling up. "Ga light" can be translated as "dancing around the drum", can also be translated as "jumping drum dance". In Xishuangbanna, it is called "Fan Guang", and in many places it is also called "Jumping Pendulum", "Ning Pendulum", etc. This dance is the oldest dance of the Dai people. This dance is the oldest dance of the Dai people, popular in more than 20 counties and cities, and it is a self-indulgent dance that can be danced at the time of annual festivals and celebrations, regardless of men and women, young and old, and regardless of the venue. Gaguang is accompanied by national percussion such as elephant foot drums and cymbals; however, in some places, those who beat the drums and cymbals also participate in the dance and lead the crowd to dance in a circle. In the past, when dancing, the dancers could play as they wished, and only wanted to be enthusiastic and joyful. Now has developed a lot of unified movements and routines, movements and routines of different names, and has given rise to a number of dance programs. Such as young people jumping "new Ga light" has more than 30 sets, there are two middle-aged and elderly women to lift the big _ jumping "Ga _ central" and older men jumping "Ga Wen" and so on.
The Elephant Foot Drum Dance is a self-indulgent and performative male dance.
The elephant foot drums are named according to the shape of the drums, and the Dai people generally call them "Gaguang", but they have their own names for the long, medium and small elephant foot drums. This kind of dance is based on the dance of the elephant foot drum, accompanied by _, cymbals, or drums, cymbals dance.
Long elephant foot drum drum body length of one meter eight to two meters, the Dai language called "Ga light around", all over the world, but to Ruili County's most representative. Long elephant foot drum is used for accompaniment, can play a rich and varied drums, and there are some drum language, such as "about pen Luo, about pen Luo, about must be about Li Li" (meaning "good to lift, good to lift, wings good to lift"); can also be struck by the side of the solo dance, in the display of the drumming skills of the At the same time, the long tail of the drum rotates and swings dramatically to form a beautiful dance.
The drum body of the Elephant's Foot Drum Dance is about one meter long, and this dance is popular in the whole Dai area, especially in Luxi, Yingjiang, Lianghe and other counties in the Dehong area, and Baoshan, Lincang and other places are the most representative. The Elephant Foot Drum Dance is called "Gaguang" in _Hong Dai language, and it is also called "Gaguang Wujie" or "Gaguang Heila". When jumping is generally back drums follow the circle and dance, can be two people dance, can also be hit with the cymbal dance. In Mangshi, Dehong, there used to be a drum race, to beat the drum sound length, tone of voice, drum tail fluttering amplitude of the size of the dance whether the good-looking standard, the winner of the drum on the silver plate.
Small elephant foot drum dance drum body length of about sixty centimeters or so, popular in Jinghong, Menghai, Mengla and other counties, Xishuangbanna Dai language for the "where the light toto". Because the drum is small and lightweight, it can be danced flexibly, so this kind of dance is mainly competitive, usually a two-person dance, four people or a group can also be. Dance with the drums to chase and fight, retreat and dodge, kicking and fighting feet and other actions to be able to remove the other side of the head of the "head of the bag" for the win.
Shouting half light is an ancient form of Dai song and dance, popular in the Dehong region of Mangshi, Yingjiang, Ruili and other counties. "Shout half light" for the Dehong Dai language, "shout" means "singing" or "song", "half" means "singing" or "song", "half" means "singing" or "song". "half" means "follow me" or "around", "light" that is "! The word "light" means "drum"; the direct translation is "the song sung with the drum". There is no limit to the number of people who can dance.
Yelahui is a self-indulgent song and dance popular in Xishuangbanna, which used to be performed only by men during the Water Festival, but now it has become a form of collective song and dance in which both men and women, young and old, can participate. This kind of song and dance is simple and can be performed freely; however, the tune is fixed, so as long as someone improvises the lyrics and takes the lead in singing, the crowd can sing in chorus. At the end of the song, they call out "Yelahui, Shuiyi, Shuiyi". That's why the song and dance is called "Yelahui".
Performative dances include the Peacock Dance, the Elephant Dance, the Fish Dance, the Butterfly Dance, and the Butterfly Dance. "Butterfly Dance", "Gomer Hat Dance", and so on. etc. The most representative is the Peacock Dance.
The Peacock Dance is the most characteristic performative dance in the Dai dance, which has been circulated in Dehong area, Xishuangbanna area and Jinggu, Menglian, Gengma and other counties. Peacock Dance, in the Dai language in Dehong, is "Ga Luoyong", and in the Dai language in Xishuangbanna, is "Fan Nuoyong". "Ga" and "where" are jumping or dancing; "Luoyong" and "Nuoyong" are "peacock". When performing, the dancers carry pagoda-shaped gold crowns and masks on their heads and peacock frame props on their backs, accompanied by elephant foot drums, cymbals and other musical instruments. There are solo dances, duo dances, trio dances and opera performances.
The peacock dance is not the same around the dance, to performers with different skills and specialties and the formation of a variety of different styles. Solo dance is most representative of Ruili County artists, they simulate the peacock walking, running, draught, shaking wings, flying, opening the screen and other actions, the formation of a rich dance; Ruili County semi-professional artists, such as Rui plate, He Fei, Mao Xiang, about the phase, Wangla, etc., who have their own innovations in the performance of the respective schools of thought and style and is known throughout the province. Double Peacock Dance, also known as "Fan Nan Nuo", the most representative double peacock dance circulated in Jinghong County. The word "Nan" means "noble woman", and "Nuo" means "finch" or "bird". "The name "Fan Nan Nuo" can be translated as "Dance of the Bird Princess", and this dance mainly shows the flying and dancing of two peacocks, male and female, relative to each other. The Peacock Dance of Mangshi City, Luxi County, was originally a trio dance performing the "Peacock and the Devil", and later evolved into a solo dance, with the peacock props made large and beautifully ornate, opening and closing freely, attracting a large audience. Jinggu County's peacock dance is a cabaret performance, singing while dancing, dance steps are simpler to walk and broken step-based, the performance is a Buddhist scripture story, "Calling the He Han to play the peacock".
Ritual DanceThe Yunnan Dai ritual dance has been passed down only in a few ethnic areas.
The "Ritual Drum Dance" that has been passed down in the Dai villages of Yuanyang County is a simple dance that is accompanied by drums during ancestor worship, with the master and mistress singing and dancing on the altar, and the masses dancing freely underneath the altar.
The Dai ethnic group in Shiping County has a "Dragon Dance", which is performed during the activities of sacrificing the dragon tree. When the dance is performed, the male witch holds an iron circle with a ring, and the witch holds a one-sided drum made of sheepskin, and they lead the dance, and the villagers participate in the dance according to the rhythm. From time to time, all the circle, from time to time, two to dance, no fixed form and formation, the dancers change position as they wish, only to seek high emotions, solemn and enthusiastic. Dance movement is simple, small steps, knees with the pace of a small range of toughness tremor, hands up around the semicircle, in the left and right waist side of the drum and shake the ring.
Xinping County also has the "Lion Dance" which is danced at the time of funeral, accompanied by suona and gongs; there are some routines, such as dancing around the coffin and opening the way in front of the coffin, etc. The performance style and music of this dance are similar to that of the "Lion Dance". The performance style and music of the dance is similar to that of the Han and Yi, and there are obvious traces of absorbing the dance music of the Han and Yi.
Some ritual dances, such as the "Jumping Willow God" and "Bei Ma Dance" popular in Jiangcheng County, have been passed down in the past in the Dehong area, and now no one jumps again. Ming Dynasty, "Baiyi biography" described in the "parents died, no monks, sacrifices are women wishing in front of the corpse, the relatives and neighbors, each holding wine in the funeral home, gathered hundreds of young people, drinking music, singing and dancing up to the day, called the entertainment of the corpse; women gathered, hit the pestle and mortar for the play, a few days after the burial." Ritual dance scenes, now also only in Xinping County, the Dai settlement can still be seen: in the second day of mourning, must be invited to play drums for the deceased dance that is to dance the lion dance; women ganged up to play with the men. This shows that the dances that existed during the Ming Dynasty in funeral activities still exist today, only simplified.
The Dai people have another type of martial arts dance, which has a long history. The Dai have experienced a feudal lordship society. The adult male Dai, usually a serf and a soldier in wartime, had to learn the skills and routines of dancing with knives, guns, sticks and fists for self-defense and participation in wars. Today's Dai men have also inherited this tradition as a way to show their bravery and resourcefulness. But today they practice the sword, gun, stick and fist, has been integrated into the set to learn from other ethnic groups, such as boxing has a local boxing, foreign boxing, Myanmar boxing, Thai boxing and other different styles of schools, performances are also accompanied by drums, the development of martial arts has become a dance.
The Dai dance masterpieces "South of Colorful Clouds", "Little Sister of the Dai Family" and "Banna Impression"
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