The prerequisite for American soldiers to join the special forces is "serving in the US Army for more than 2 years". After strict training and assessment, only the most elite personnel are left behind. The condition for joining Delta Force is "serving in the US special forces for more than 2 years" ... Needless to say.
Veteran Special Forces: American "Devil Brigade"
Give a "green beret" for life
"Beret" is a kind of hat with no eaves and soft top, which is popular among young people in Britain.
In the early years, European colonists wore this style of hat in the "Rangers" organized by North America, and it was also adopted by Britain when it founded the special forces ("Gormand") at the beginning of World War II.
In the United States, the army special forces were formed after the British "Gormand" troops in World War II. At the beginning of the establishment of this unit, it was suggested to set up a special symbol for it, and the military authorities thought of berets worn by British commandos. In this way, the green beret was adopted by the US special forces, and the "green beret" became another name for the US special forces.
There is a special badge in front of the green beret. The pattern of the badge is a relief with an arrow crossed with the "green beret". This badge, which symbolizes the brave and fearless chivalry, was worn by the then Minister of National Defense on February 26th 1942. Together with the green beret, it became a symbol of American special forces.
The "Green Beret" troops are specially used to deal with informal wars and perform secret missions. Its members have been fully trained by the armed forces of the army, navy and air force and are proficient in multinational enlightenment. Everyone has more than one unique skill. Over the years, its outstanding performance has made people sit up and take notice of the "green beret".
The main task of the "Green Beret" is to launch guerrilla warfare in the enemy's deep rear in wartime or in foreign territory in peacetime, and specially train guerrillas to overthrow the government that the United States does not like. "Green Berets" are also widely used to organize, equip and train special forces for friendly countries in the United States. It trains the armies of friendly countries to master the methods of destruction and use all kinds of weapons made locally and abroad, including chemical weapons.
This unit is unique in the United States Army. Its organization is not the usual group, battalion, company and platoon system, but has its own unique organizational system. The reorganization from 65438 to 0974 consists of headquarters, support squadron, communication and maintenance squadron and several combat brigades.
In fact, the combat brigade is the core of the "green beret" troops. The brigade consists of a brigade headquarters and several combat squadrons, which in turn have a squadron headquarters and several combat teams. As can be seen from the establishment, in the "Green Beret" troops, the battle group consisting of 12 people is the basic combat unit and the center for carrying out combat tasks.
The leader of a combat team is often an officer with enthusiasm, courage, rich experience and leadership skills. The team members are selected from experienced non-commissioned officers.
For soldiers, the road to the "Green Berets" troops is difficult. If you want to be a candidate for this unit, that is, to participate in the training of this unit, you must have more than five years of length of military service, and your performance should be outstanding. Volunteer participants have to undergo rigorous examinations and physical examinations, and the passing rate is only 10%.
Participants in the training, no matter what arms they used to be, must receive basic training. The purpose of training is to enhance physical fitness and master basic knowledge and skills such as map reading, communication and combat necessary for ground operations.
After the basic training, most people entered the airborne school in Fort Benning, Georgia, for a three-week skydiving training. After passing the qualification, you will get a silver-white airborne badge, so you have taken the first step to become a full member of the "Green Beret" army.
After that, the students began to study harder and more complicated. Their subjects are: communication, ordnance, intelligence, parachute maintenance, vehicle driving and maintenance, medical first aid and so on. Because of each student's
Different positions, experiences and skill levels have different training places and time. Most students have to study for 8 weeks, and medical courses have the longest time. The whole training process from theory to practice takes 45 weeks.
Finally, the member who passed the study was awarded a badge with the word "S" in Regeburg, which showed that the student had the necessary knowledge and ability to withstand the actions of special forces and became a full member of the "Green Beret" force.
In basic training, running training is the most difficult. After the players get up at 5 o'clock, they do gymnastics first, and then run a few kilometers. Every day, rain or shine.
Aerobatic parachuting training with parachutes is a thrilling skill training for selecting specific players. After the players jumped out of the cabin from the sky, they didn't open their umbrellas immediately, but waited until they dropped to a low altitude and then landed towards a coin-sized target on the ground. Players who master this skill can swim in beautiful formations in the air.
Using ropes to climb and descend on flying helicopters or steep cliffs is also an essential training subject for special forces.
In survival training, players should be left in a state of loneliness and hunger, exposed to the heat and cold, and forbidden to sleep and rest. During this period, they should learn to use wild vegetables, pythons and other animals and plants to satisfy their hunger. Sometimes, in the dark night, they are forcibly thrown into the swamp infested with poisonous snakes-the intensity and difficulty of training can be imagined. For them, such strict training is nothing more than making the players have tough endurance and self-control ability.
White-bladed combat training is to let players master the skills of using judo, karate, wrestling, boxing, daggers, pistols and other weapons to defeat the enemy in 30 seconds. Because in wartime, if you can't make a judgment in an instant, launch a preemptive attack and kill the enemy, you may be knocked down by the other side. In addition, we must master ambush, kidnapping, assassination, blasting and other technologies.
Of course, members assigned to special forces must receive comprehensive application technology training from old players. The content is all-encompassing, including how to use and improve the technology already mastered, and how to maximize the effective application of related technologies. In this way, no matter where you go in the world, whether it's urban or rural, whether it's sea or plain, whether it's day or night, whether it's hot or cold, members of the "Green Berets" can skydive and engage in special operations such as mountain warfare, jungle warfare, desert warfare and skiing warfare.
According to statistics, a strictly trained "green beret" member can replace 50 ordinary soldiers. Members of the combat team wore camouflage uniforms and green berets, carrying light machine guns, M- 16 automatic rifles, Kirsch automatic pistols, grenades, explosives, food, medicines and rigging. They either parachuted from the air, boarded rubber boats from the sea, or walked through the forest to go deep into the enemy's hinterland for activities.
At the beginning of the name "green beret" adopted by the US special forces, the senior generals of the US Army were not satisfied with this unusual hat and once stopped using it. However, President Kennedy showed unusual concern and full support for the special forces. He said:
"As a symbol of the team members bravely overcoming various difficulties and performing arduous tasks in the future, the green beret is very commensurate. Players should wear it proudly. "
Therefore, American special forces re-adopted berets.
1963165438+10 In October, President Kennedy was killed in Texas, and American citizens expressed their heartfelt grief. However, the most sad thing is the "green beret" troops.
When the President's body was buried in Arlington Cemetery in Washington, the representative of the "Green Beret" troops attended the grand funeral as a guard of honor. As the funeral drew to a close, Francis Lardy continued.
Osman tearfully took off his beret and placed it on the grave of the late US Supreme Commander President Kennedy. The president awarded the green berets to the special forces because he loved them. Now, Beloved has returned it to the President.
The green beret, together with the hats of the army, navy and air force, is still quietly placed in the tomb of President Kennedy in Arlington Cemetery.
The mysterious "seal" special forces entered the night and the clouds were overcast. A few stars were shining in the sky just now, and now they are hiding in the clouds.
Late at night in May, 1992, four dark shadows emerged silently from the rolling waves on the coast near Taksi Port, Thailand. Judging from the speed at which they rushed to the shelter of the reef, no one could imagine that they had swam nearly 2 kilometers against the thrilling tide.
Among them, 1 person took out M2 1 type 7.62mm sniper rifle from waterproof vest and carefully installed muzzle silencer. At this time, another of his companions was observing the situation on the other side with a high-powered night vision telescope. The third man aimed the laser beam of the laser positioning weapon at the enemy command center. After confirming that there is no threat from the enemy, the fourth person uses a small wireless phone to inform other partners who have not yet landed and are hiding in the sea.
At a distance of about 19 km from the sea surface, 1 MH-53H helicopter flew to the shore at the fastest speed after receiving the signal of "reachable" from the shore. This helicopter carries a group of members of the special operations team of the US Navy SEALs. They are dressed in spring jungle camouflage clothes and their faces are painted with black and green paints. The dim light in the helicopter shone on their faces, giving people a gloomy feeling.
Except M 16A2 assault rifles, three of them are equipped with M203 40 mm Grenade launchers, the other two are equipped with M60 light machine guns, and the other two are equipped with AT4 84 mm anti-tank rockets. These men's firepower, combined with their fighting skills, is more than enough to deal with a company's enemy.
10 minutes later, the engine room signal light shows that the action time is up. According to their respective fire zones, the players quickly divided into two groups, equipped with rubber assault boats for landing. Then, the rear hatch of the helicopter slowly opened. When the hatch board touched the water, the commander gave the order of "departure". The two assault boats respectively slipped out of the engine room and headed for the coast at full speed.
Due to the buffer of rubber air cushion, the members of the "Seals" team could hardly feel the impact of the assault boat touching the water when it left the cabin. The high speed, secrecy and convenient operation of the boat make it one of the indispensable and important equipment for the sea infiltration mission of the "Seal" special forces.
This kind of sea penetration should, of course, be extremely secret, fast and interest-free. When the support team members landed and were collecting the assault boat, the four players who had landed before had quickly advanced inland. The target of this mission is a power plant several miles away, which has 1 battalion of enemy troops. The task of the "seal" team is to install high-efficiency explosives in important positions of the power plant and then evacuate to the coast, and then detonate the explosives with remote control devices to destroy the power plant facilities.
The enemy troops stationed in the power plant are amphibious special forces of the Thai navy. Of course, this is a scene in Mattel's joint military exercise codenamed "Golden Cobra".
As an officer of the "SEAL" special forces said: "We are practicing or preparing 99% of the time, and only 1% of the time is actually fighting. And this 1% time can happen anytime and anywhere. "
The full name of the "Sea Seal" special team is the amphibious special operations force of the US Navy, and it is the most prestigious and largest underwater special operations force in the world.
1 962 65438+1October1day, President Kennedy formally appointed and established two "seal" special operations forces. Since then, the "Sea Seal" special operations forces have become famous for their war baptism.
The basic combat unit of this unit is the land, sea and air commandos, which is an amazing force with skillful fighting skills and outstanding achievements in the US special forces. Its main tasks are harbor defense, obstacle reconnaissance, amphibious destruction and underwater blasting, and sometimes limited guerrilla warfare and maritime patrol to train naval special forces for foreign countries. During the Cold War, it has become the "killer weapon" for the United States to carry out low-intensity wars, deal with emergencies and carry out anti-terrorism tasks.
The predecessor of the navy, land and air commandos was the naval combat destruction team born in World War II. 1943, the U.S navy selected outstanding officers and men from students of its construction brigade, bomb disposal team, reconnaissance team and naval explosive ordnance disposal school, and formally established the naval battle destruction team.
After short-term underwater injury and small boat operation training in China, the war damage team was sent to the European battlefield. After the war, the naval battle damage team was dissolved like most other special forces, and almost all members became instructors of the newly-opened naval battle damage school.
During 1947, on the basis of destroying schools by war, the U.S. naval authorities set up a naval underwater destruction team, commonly known as the "Frogman Team". During its invasion of Korea, it participated in the Incheon Landing War and played an important role.
In the early 1960s, the United States intervened in the Vietnam War. At that time, SEAL Special ForcesNo. 1 and No.2 participated in various tasks, including underwater destruction, intelligence gathering, assault and long-range reconnaissance.
Together with the underwater destruction team, the ship support team and the airborne troops, it formed a naval special operations group and became the main assault force.
The Vietnam War battlefield is also the "equipment testing ground" for the "SEAL" special forces. Many of the equipment listed in the tactical code drill and equipment list of "SEAL" special forces were developed according to operational experience and needs.
Due to the outstanding performance of SEAL Special Forces No.1 1 and No.2 in the Vietnam War, the size of SEAL Special Forces expanded to five teams at the end of the Vietnam War. Since 1980, this "SEAL" special warfare unit with 175 members at that time has participated in dozens of anti-terrorism activities, including 1985 to rescue hostages and Beirut on an Italian cruise ship.
Although "SEAL" special forces have participated in military operations such as Grenada and barnabas, their most striking performance was in the Gulf War.
Shortly after Iraq invaded Kuwait, members of the "SEAL" special forces began intelligence gathering activities under the eyes of the Iraqi army. They directly monitor the mobilization and deployment of Iraqi troops on the Kuwaiti coast or in the streets. At the beginning of the assembly of the joint forces, General schwarzkopf, commander-in-chief of the joint forces, was directly recruited into his chiefs of staff because the "seal" provided correct and sensitive information. "
Colonel Johnson, an officer of the SEAL Special Forces, served as the commander of the intelligence system, thus planning the "Desert Storm" operation.
1991February 24th, the day before the desert storm ground battle, six "seals" were killed.
Members of the special operations team sneaked into Cowell coast with a large amount of high-efficiency explosives and carried out an operation code-named "deception"
Mission. The mission goal is simple: to create a lot of explosions and chaos on the Kuwaiti coast, so as to convince Iraq that the Coalition forces have launched amphibious landing operations on the Kuwaiti coast.
Sure enough, the commander of the Iraqi army immediately dispatched two elite divisional troops from the border between Saudi Arabia and Iraq to the Kuwaiti coast, but he did not expect that they fell into the American scheme of "transferring tigers in the mountains". The "deception" action caused the tactical mistakes of the Iraqi army, which can be said to be "SEALs"
The greatest contribution of special forces in desert storm land war.
American navy soldiers are proud of the navel "seal" team, but becoming a "seal" team member is necessary.
Is a very difficult thing.
The training center of navy, land and air commandos is located in Colorado, California. Anyone who volunteers to join the navy, land and air commandos must first receive strict special training here. Entering the training center, students can see two striking slogans: "I am not in the dictionary of' seal'" and "the easiest day was yesterday", which shows the intensity of training.
Training is divided into basic training and advanced training. The basic training lasts for 9 weeks, and the training goal is to improve the students' physical fitness 10 times. The first stage of basic training lasts for 5 weeks, mainly including running, swimming and gymnastics, supplemented by boat operation training. Among them, swimming training is the basic skill that "seal" players must have to perform their tasks in the water. Therefore, its training goal is not to be in danger of drowning due to any restrictions on the surface and water.
Swimming training began in the third week. The training method is to tie the trainees' feet and knees in a big swimming pool and then go into the water. The training items that must be achieved include swimming on free water for at least 20 minutes; Quickly and continuously dive and float for more than 5 minutes; The equipment with oxygen stands upside down at the bottom of the water for 5 minutes; Holding the underwater frog mirror with his teeth, his hands and feet are tied to swim fast 100 meters.
The second stage starts from the sixth week, which is a comprehensive training week nicknamed "Hell Week" by players.
Before "Hell Week" training, trainees must pass five physical fitness tests:
1. 12 minutes and 30 seconds to swim 500m backstroke and breaststroke;
Do at least 42 standard push-ups in 2.2 minutes;
Do 50 sit-ups in 3.2 minutes;
4. Do 8 pull-ups continuously;
5. Run the 2.4km "Hell Week" comprehensive training in 1 1 min and 30 seconds in 5 days and 5 nights. The first two days and nights are continuous operations, and there is no rest time. Only give 2-3 minutes for each meal. The rest time in the last three days is also very short, and it is almost difficult to really fall asleep. Trainees have to complete a series of subjects such as running, swimming, obstacle crossing and boat operation. In this state of extreme fatigue and lack of sleep, and in the harsh environment such as mud and beach, specific tactical tasks such as landing, establishing beachhead positions and expanding landing sites are carried out.
It can be said that "Hell Week" is a severe test of every student's motivation to join the team. Only players who have withstood this comprehensive assessment are eligible to continue training. According to statistics over the years, about 50% of the volunteers in "Hell Week" were eliminated.
The third stage of BUD/S advanced training lasts for 16 weeks, and is also implemented in two stages. The first stage is 9 weeks, mainly studying reconnaissance intelligence collection, squad tactics, fixed-point airborne, explosive disposal and so on. , and then conduct field exercises in the next 4 weeks. In the second stage, 7 weeks, we will focus on the training of airborne stunts such as high-altitude parachute and low-altitude parachute opening, as well as the skills of carrying underwater breathing apparatus for long-distance diving, and master the skills of using airborne, diving and swimming to implement long-distance maneuvers.
After the amphibious tactical training, the freshmen will be assigned to serve in the "seal" combat troops, and the performance of the next year will still be evaluated by senior players and officers. If there are no mistakes, they will get the trident badge, which symbolizes the spirit of the seal special forces, in 1 year. But "Seal" special warfare players like to call this badge Budweiser Beer, because its design resembles the trademark of this beer.
Obtaining the trident team emblem not only symbolizes the transformation of the "seal" special warfare players from novices to veterans, but also represents the highest glory of American secret warfare players.
Brave and Unusual Delta Commando
In the eastern United States, there is a mysterious military base-Fort Breg, North Carolina. There is a mysterious army stationed in the base, which is the "Delta Force" used by the United States to carry out anti-terrorism combat missions since the late 1970s.
What is the exact meaning of the term "Delta"? Probably few people can explain it clearly. Maybe only one person knows. This is Colonel Beckhams, the commander of Delta Force.
As early as the early 1960s, Beckhams was a captain of the waiting army. At that time, he was strong and bloody, and he had the momentum that a newborn calf was not afraid of tigers. With this kind of energy and adventurous spirit, he led more than a dozen special warfare players to harass, destroy and infiltrate Vietnamese guerrillas in dense forests, valleys and villages. He was praised as a "special operations expert" and won the appreciation of his superiors.
However, in the later war, he was ordered to reinforce a besieged camp from the air. He was trapped in a triangular area because the helicopter failed to send him and his team to the scheduled location. When he broke through, a bullet went through his abdomen. If a sergeant hadn't risked his life to carry him out, he might have been a prisoner of the Vietnamese.
Beckhams wants to be very scared. He walked through the swamp in Cambodia, the forest in Laos and the mountains in Thailand. Unexpectedly, he planted a one-time conversation in a small triangle in Vietnam! He will never forget this.
After the Vietnam War, in June of 1977 1 1, he was ordered to form an anti-terrorist force, which he named "Delta".
If the special forces are the essence of the US military, the "Delta" forces are the essence of the essence.
The full name of this unit is 1 special forces combat detachment, which is dedicated to dealing with various terrorist activities that threaten the interests of the United States in the world.
This 400-person unit has carried out special operations missions many times so far. It took part in the rescue of the personnel of the American Embassy in Tehran who were taken hostage by Iran in April. 1980. The mission was not completed because of the helicopter mechanical failure and the command and control system failure. Delta Force was also used in invasion of grenada in June.
There are two squadrons in the army, and there are several squadrons under the squadron. Each squadron 16 people are sharpshooters. Within a distance of 500 meters, they can hit every shot. Due to its anti-terrorism nature, the weapons and equipment of the troops are also classified as highly confidential.
Since the establishment of Delta Commando, Commander Beckves has implemented a set of special selection, training and management methods, and personally formulated a number of regulations on the task, organization, equipment and training of Delta Commando, and even the criteria for selecting team members are very specific.
It is difficult to enter the special forces, and it is even more difficult to enter the "Delta" commando.
The first is the registration conditions. American citizen, under the age of 22, has served in the special forces for more than 2 years.
Followed by physical conditions. People who want to join the "Delta" must meet the following conditions:
1. It can crawl 35 meters in 25 seconds;
2. Sit-ups 37 times per minute;
3. Do 33 push-ups per minute;
Pass through the set obstacles within 4.24 seconds;
5. 16 minutes to complete the 2 km long-distance running;
6. Military swimming can cover 100 meters.
After the completion of the above projects, we will immediately March18km. After two hours' rest, the physical strength limit test will be conducted again. Candidates can use it within 24 hours without any hints or explanations.
A compass and a map traveled 74 kilometers alone in a deserted area.
Another is the skill condition. It is required to skillfully use all kinds of light weapons and equipment, operate all kinds of mechanical equipment and drive all kinds of cars, tanks and armored vehicles, and drive large transport planes or helicopters. In addition, it is also required to be able to capture, fight, climb, cross obstacles and be proficient in everything. Finally, everyone should have at least one specialty, such as picking locks, unpacking, repairing, blasting, ambulance, telegraph and so on.
Finally, candidates should have good psychological quality. Candidates are required to be loyal, firm and calm, and can answer the following questions:
"Your friend is in trouble and was sent to the police station. He wants you to perjure yourself for him. What should you do? "
"The above command you to lead four people to blow up an oil refinery, met two little girls on the road, what would you do? Kill them, take them on the road, or ignore them? "
"A man disobeys orders, but he is your savior. Should I report him? "
"Your girlfriend was abused by gangsters. Is it to report or solve it privately? "
After these tests, people who can meet all the above conditions are rare. In spite of this, Beckhams still solemnly announced:
"Even if I fail the exam, I will never lower my requirements."
Every time I select Delta members, Beckvis always gives them the first lesson. In class, he played a video for the new players, showing 1972 Munich Olympic Games. Terrorists kidnapped Israeli athletes, and two German security guards pointed their guns at the terrorists mixed in the crowd, but it was too late to pull the trigger. "Remember, when a gun rings, someone will die. Whoever shoots first has hope of living. This is our creed. " When Beckhams said this, his face was tight and there was no expression.
When the class was over, he took the stunned new players to a beautiful big glass fish tank, pointed to the goldfish of various colors swimming in it and said, "That black goldfish represents terrorists, and the others represent law-abiding citizens. When shooting, it is necessary to distinguish between' good guys' and' bad guys' within 0.5 seconds, and make sure that' bad guys' have bullet holes, while' good guys' have no bullet marks! "
Finally, he waved his hand and exposed the scar on his arm. "Just train according to this standard!"
In the training of Delta Commandos, Beckvis is famous for his strict requirements. If someone doesn't practice seriously or doesn't meet the standard, Beckhams will stop the whole training process, pull this person in front of everyone and rudely loudly scold a way:
"The training ground is the battlefield. If you muddle along on the training ground, you will pay the price of your life on the battlefield. I don't want your mother to receive such a telegram:' Your son died unfortunately because he was so stupid!' "
A "Delta" commando was deeply touched. He said: "in the previous army, I was better than all my partners;" Now, only by training hard can I not be eliminated. "
A strict teacher makes a noble apprentice. Today, the former students are today's teachers. They followed Beckweis's strict training methods, which made hundreds of players, all with stunts, impressive. In an assessment jointly organized by various departments in the United States, the "Delta" commando team achieved excellent results.
The person in charge of the assessment Committee was full of praise: "Although this unit is not the best anti-terrorism arm in the world, I believe no one is better than them!"
There is no doubt that the "Delta" commando is an excellent example of American special forces today.
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