Shan Ye: Shan Ye often passes through dense forests, and branches and thorns of plants will cause great obstacles and damage. Ordinary cotton-padded jacket is easily penetrated by spikes, or spikes are hung on underwear, especially fleece. At this time, the assault underwear with good scratch resistance shows its superiority. Of course, there are other substitutes, such as windbreakers, which are also good. For trousers, two-piece suit is recommended, that is, the trouser legs can be separated by zippers. Wear it when the branches are thick, so as not to scratch your legs and feet; It can be removed at ordinary times. It's cool. The advantage is that both men and women can be disassembled directly, without finding a place to avoid people. And it's cheap, and it doesn't hurt to scratch. Of course, both pants are thin, so they can't be used alone in cold weather. Rain-proof: Rain-proof ability is another important quality. Ordinary clothes are difficult to meet the requirements, although raincoats can be bought everywhere. When it rains, the air pressure is low and people will feel bored. If the raincoat is not breathable, it will be particularly uncomfortable; If the raincoat is heavier, it will hurt even more. Therefore, although disposable raincoats and ordinary warm clothes can survive, they will greatly affect your play. If you are physically strong and the journey is not difficult, you can make do with it. If the physical strength is poor or the road is difficult, don't do it well. To emphasize, it is not recommended to wear jeans, because jeans are very heavy, and when they are wet, the friction is intense, the weight doubles, and it is difficult to dry.
Shoes Wear professional hiking shoes as far as possible, use shoes when climbing, and absolutely use hiking shoes when climbing. However, in general outdoor sports, if the team leader has no special requirements, high straps, coarse patterns and platform shoes can also cope, especially professional basketball shoes are quite good, because the anti-skid performance and wear resistance are good, and they are often thick soles and high straps. Socks and socks should be as wearable as possible, and stockings should not be thought of at all. Cotton and chemical fiber blend well, and pure cotton can also be used. Socks should be higher than your hiking shoes, but they don't have to be too long.
It is recommended to use a backpack rain cover to prevent things in the bag from getting wet by rain. Moreover, clothes and sleeping bags must be wrapped in plastic bags, and the habit of eating should be formed. Man is iron, and rice is steel. Only when you replenish enough energy in time can you have abundant physical strength. Most activities start on Saturday morning, arrive at the place where the crossing begins near noon, complete the crossing on Sunday afternoon and return by bus. In other words, most of the time, we need to eat four meals outside, plus one meal at the time of departure, a total of five meals:
1, Saturday breakfast: You can eat at home before getting on the bus, but I'm afraid there are too many lazy cats to sleep. Then, it's a good idea to prepare some portable food to eat in the car. My own solution is usually this: a bag of milk or yogurt and a loaf of bread are put in a plastic bag and hung outside my backpack. Take it off when packing before getting on the bus, and eat it after driving, hehe.
2, Saturday lunch: At this time, it should be from afar, should it enter the state? I'm afraid there's not much time to waste on the trip, so lunch is a good opportunity to have a rest. Novices with poor physical strength may not have adapted yet, and will show no appetite, or they are simply too tired to eat, hehe. At this time, you should force yourself. The captain orders you to have a rest and eat at once, whether you have an appetite or not, and treat it as a task. Food should be light, digestible, high in calories and easy to carry, such as bread, milk, eggs and meat. "Hillbilly" has good braised eggs, and so does his favorite ham sausage. In addition, pay attention to add some salt and eat some pickles. Mustard slices are a good choice, or you can prepare a small bottle of water with some salt in it. If you eat slowly, such as myself, don't delay. When the captain says "eat", you start eating. Try to eat as much as possible, even if you eat more mustard tuber, you will have more strength in the afternoon. Never walk on an empty stomach, it is a big taboo. If you can't eat staple food, eat fruits and cucumbers, which are very popular game.
3, Saturday dinner: it should be to go to the campsite and start a big meal, cool! The staple food should be noodles, Longxu Noodles, instant noodles, etc. There is a small pot on the small stove, and delicious noodles are cooked in the pot. How tempting! This meal is more important for restoring physical strength. This meal, if properly prepared, can make you feel as good as eating out. Specially recommend one: effervescent tablets! This is a small piece, bigger than a nail. When it is thrown into the water, it will dissolve immediately, releasing a lot of bubbles, and the water will become soda water. This is a vitamin supplement, so that lactic acid in your muscles can be excreted and decomposed as soon as possible to avoid backache and leg pain after getting up the next day. Imported foam is expensive, and domestic foam is very cheap. I bought domestic products, about 80 cents per tablet. As long as you have fun, it's still a good deal to spend a few cents, isn't it? Many supermarkets sell them. You can find them if you pay attention. In addition, the more popular foods are delicious vegetables, pickles, cold dishes, cold and spicy meat, cucumbers, hot sauce and so on.
4. Sunday breakfast: in most cases, it is still in the camp, so it is still possible to make a fire. Instant noodles, instant porridge, milk, coffee, bread, ham and so on. No better than last night's meal? However, think about carrying such a heavy bag soon, take another bite!
5. Sunday lunch: If there are no accidents, the crossing may have been completed now, or it is not far from the goal. Don't be stingy, don't keep it, eat whatever you like! If you carry the food back again, it's really depressing! However, if you still have a lot to go, you'd better leave some just in case. Under normal circumstances, you will find a small shop to be corrupt. In fact, it's quite cool for everyone to FB together.
6, snacks on the way: young people still like to eat snacks, and it is not a bad thing during the activity. At least I often get hungry two hours after a big meal. It is necessary to add something at any time. Small packages of biscuits, candy and chocolate can supplement calories, while fruits, cucumbers and tomatoes can supplement a lot of water, making you feel a little hungry. These things should be placed where they are easy to get, because there is no time to turn them out from the bottom of the backpack. And raw food should be washed in advance and packed in clean bags.
7. Drink water: Emphasize the correct way to drink water. It should be a small mouth at a time, which is about as much as the cap of a coke bottle. Wet the mouth and the base of the tongue first, then slowly swallow one third, and the rest is contained in the mouth. Swallow the second third after tasting, and then the remaining third. This method can form a habit and save water most. Your mouth and throat are the easiest way to relieve thirst, and at the same time, your body will not sweat a lot immediately, reducing waste. How precious water is, you will know that you are thirsty and want to set yourself on fire after walking for a long time. Remember this method, and you will thank the predecessors for their summaries and saving lives.
What I said above may be a bit complicated. In fact, it is enough for everyone to bring their own food, and corrupt materials must be done according to their abilities. If you are not a great person yourself, don't pretend anything. As a local, like me, I am actually very happy. Being a native is very simple: use a few coke bottles at a time, boil water on Friday night, let it cool and then pour it in. Leave a small bottle or two outside to drink at any time. I ate two loaves of bread, a big sausage, pickled mustard tuber, two packets of instant noodles and an effervescent tablet. Ok, anything else? Need it?
First, team spirit crossing (more than two people) is a good opportunity to show team spirit. The successful, pleasant and smooth crossing depends on the efforts of everyone in the group. Especially in harsh and hard environment, team spirit is more important. Tip:
(1) It is very important to identify a team leader and give him considerable power. There must be both democracy and centralism. (2) Clear division of labor, such as: clearing roads, breaking roads, making fires, and camping ... (3) Pay attention to the types of marching teams when there are many people. The team is too long, it is easy to lose teammates or someone can't find out in time. (4) All equipment and materials should be scientifically distributed and carried according to everyone's physical strength and gender, so that the team can maintain a consistent speed. (5) If someone is seriously injured, he must respond to the whole crossing plan and give up all or part of it with the wounded. Second, logistics should be well controlled. Generally speaking, you can take a rest for 5- 10 minutes when going uphill for half an hour, and for 1 0-15 minutes when going downhill. Tip:
(1) Keep the whole journey at a constant speed, master the rhythm, rest and eat according to the planned rest time. (2) Adjust the plan in time according to everyone's physical condition on the way, and extend the crossing time if necessary. Avoid unnecessary physical overdrafts and leave room for unforeseen accidents in the future. 3. direction. Before going out, collect maps and related materials of the activity area as much as possible, and make a preliminary understanding of the upcoming big turn and obvious signs. With the contour map, we can analyze the predetermined route and direction, such as: how many ridges need to be crossed, how many gates need to be crossed, and the approximate elevation rise and fall. This helps to determine the direction in the journey. Tip:
(1) Take an accurate compass and altimeter (it is very necessary in some areas) (2) Take and protect maps and materials (3) Take a marker pen and playing cards to avoid getting lost. (4) If you don't know much about the crossing area and the conditions are complicated, it is best to ask passers-by to accompany you or find a local tour guide to lead the way. Fourth, the waterproof problem in the rainy season or rainy areas, especially for a long time, if the waterproof preparation is not sufficient, the whole activity will encounter great trouble. Such as: there is no dry clothes to change, cameras, batteries, food and other items are wet and damaged. Therefore, before you go out, you should know something about the climate in the activity area and make corresponding preparations.
Tip:
(1) The tent should be a three-season or four-season account. Special alpine tents can't be used. Professional alpine tents have better wind and warmth, but their waterproof performance is not long. (2) Cover the backpack with a backpack cover or plastic sheet, even if the backpack has waterproof function. (3) Before the backpack is filled with articles, it should be wrapped in plastic bags or sealed bags, which is waterproof and conducive to the classification of articles. (4) Prepare waterproof clothes and pants if possible. However, rain gear must be ready. (5) Waterproof hiking shoes can be prepared if conditions permit, and they can be used for a long time anyway. (5) Drinking water problem When crossing a short distance, if it is known that it is difficult to replenish water, bring enough drinking water, about 2 liters per person per day (if FB meal is not needed). When crossing a long distance, you can take water from streams, waterfalls, rivers and lakes on the way, but you must observe its pollution, such as whether there are human and animal activities near the water source, whether there are animal carcasses, and whether there are pollutants such as feces. When there is a lot of sediment in the water, the water should settle for more than 10 minutes. In areas with many leeches, open or transparent containers should be used when taking water, so as to find out whether there are leeches in the water in time. Tip:
(1) Drinking water in water-deficient areas should be distributed as planned. Except in special circumstances, don't drink all the water until you find the water source. (2) After taking water in the wild, the water must be boiled (boiled for 5 minutes) before drinking. (3) If possible, you can bring filters and water purification tablets instead of heating.
Six, the problem of fire when traveling, you should carry more than one kind of fire source, such as: lighters (multiple), matches, fire sickle, etc. If possible, it is best to carry a camping stove, gas tank or oil tank. When making a fire in the camp, we should pay attention to whether the camp is a no-fire area, otherwise it should not violate the rules except for survival needs. Before starting a fire, prepare some dry firewood (slightly thinner than chopsticks), put it at the bottom of a stove full of stones, put on coarse firewood, light the fine firewood, and blow it hard with your mouth, so that the fire can be blown up. When it rains or the firewood is wet, you can split the coarse firewood from the middle to get dry firewood, and then cut it into small pieces to make kindling (a machete or other tools are needed at this time). Tip:
(1) Pay attention to the wind direction, don't build a fire on the windward side of the tent, and keep a certain distance from the tent. (2) When you leave, put out the fire with water and earth-rock gland. Be sure to check whether the fire is really extinguished. 7. camping problem find a safe, hidden, dry and flat high place to camp. At this time, we should pay attention to the surrounding environment, such as whether there are falling rocks and rolling stones, how the wind blows, and whether there are nests and beehives for animals. Try not to camp by the river, and the water level will not change unless it is determined that it is a dry season. Don't camp near the water, there are many mosquitoes there. Prompt: (1) Is there any danger of landslides, avalanches and flash floods around the camp? (2) It is best to have water near the camp to facilitate water intake. (3) If a fire is needed, consider whether there is firewood nearby. (4) In rainy days or rainy seasons, pay attention to digging drainage ditches around the tent according to the terrain. (5) When the wind is strong, pay attention to the wind-resistant fixation of the tent, and rest after confirmation. (6) It is best to go to bed. Leggings can effectively prevent leeches, snakes and other creatures from attacking the legs. Snake medicine can be prepared in places with many poisonous snakes. Tip:
(1) When encountering large wild animals (such as bears, leopards, rhinos, etc.). ), it is forbidden to scream and run around. Animals generally don't take the initiative to attack humans unless they are frightened and mistakenly think that they are being attacked and fight back.
Calm is probably the only magic weapon at this time.
(2) Only a few poisonous snakes in the world are aggressive and take the initiative to attack. Unless you accidentally step on it, it may get angry and defend itself. (3) If you are unfortunately bitten by a poisonous snake (if you can't judge whether it is a poisonous snake or not, treat it with poison), besides emergency treatment, psychological stability will probably improve the survival rate several times. Nutritional supplement will consume a lot of energy and sweat during long-term field crossing, and the human body is prone to salt loss and electrolyte imbalance. Therefore, it is necessary to supplement it in time. Tip:
(1) Eat high-calorie and nutritious foods such as beef jerky and chocolate. (2) Eat vitamin tablets one day. (3) Add salt every day and eat some salty foods, such as mustard tuber. (4) Guozhen granules are a good electrolyte-balanced beverage (of course, there are many similar granules), so put some in a kettle to keep warm at any time.
In many areas (such as deserts and mountainous areas), the temperature difference between day and night is relatively large. In some areas, there will be a relatively large temperature difference after crossing the sea level for a few hours (the sea level will rise and the temperature will drop, -6 degrees/vertical 1000M). It is necessary to keep warm, especially after sweating a lot and before going to bed. Tip:
(1) Fully estimate the lowest possible local temperature, prepare warm clothes, and choose a suitable sleeping bag accordingly.
(2) When clothes are wet by rain or sweat, the heat dissipation rate is amazing. At this time, dry underwear should be put on as soon as possible. If possible, you can choose underwear with sweat-wicking and quick-drying fabrics such as coolmax.
(3) Mountainous areas need more professional equipment and knowledge. XI。 Other related issues (1) Climbing and descending Unless absolutely necessary, instead of trying dangerous climbing and descending, it is better to take more detours, especially when crossing alone and carrying loads.
If you have to climb down, you should first unload your backpack, climb down empty-handed, and then hang the equipment with auxiliary ropes or belts. (2) When encountering danger (such as single-plank bridge, wading, cliff edge, etc.). ), remember to loosen the chest strap and belt of the backpack to ensure that it can be quickly unloaded in time and lost.
(3) Don't risk walking at night except in special areas (such as deserts). Many people get lost in poor visibility and slip easily at night.
When you have to walk at night, you'd better have headlights. A flashlight will occupy one hand, which is not conducive to balanced protection. (4) When wading under unknown water depth and underwater conditions, don't wade rashly first, but try your best to find out. Try not to wade barefoot with sandals, because it is easy to slip and get hurt, and be careful of the stones in the water. They are often so smooth that they will slip if they are not careful. In addition, the water velocity should be fully estimated before wading.
(5) All visible garbage left should be taken away. Long-distance crossing should take at least non-degradable garbage until there is a unified garbage dump. Therefore, garbage bags must be brought.
Twelve. Ordinary equipment
When crossing different regions, different difficulties, different times and different seasons, the selection of equipment is very different. Sometimes improper planning can make crossing a heavy burden.
Sometimes, due to incomplete equipment, I feel very tired and even endanger my safety. Before going out, after knowing the activity area as fully as possible, carefully choose the equipment and supplies you should bring.
Many equipment and supplies have different brands and types, and should be carefully selected according to actual needs and their own conditions.
Here are some commonly used devices.
Public equipment:
Tents, cooking supplies (stoves, fuel, cookers, etc. ), properly carry ropes and special tools (machetes, hand axes, marching shovels, etc.). ),
Public medicine (general medicine, emergency medicine, etc.). ), adhesive tape, camp lights, and other collective special equipment (rock climbing equipment, rock climbing equipment, etc.). ),
Public food nutrition, altimeter, compass, thermometer, map
Personal equipment:
Backpack, sleeping bag, damp-proof pad, tent, cooking supplies (stove, fuel, cooker, etc. ), gloves, hats, changing clothes, sunglasses, headlights, kettles,
Personal hygiene products, sunscreen, lip balm, photographic equipment, binoculars, notebooks, pens, personal medicines, lighters, matches, tableware, dry wet tissues,
Casual shoes or slippers, personal food and other sundries.