/kloc-in the 3rd century, the Italian Kyle Poirot returned to Europe from China and spread all over the world.
According to an ancient book, "In the Five Dynasties, Li Zheng made paper kites in the palace to draw kites to ride the wind as a play, and then used bamboo as the flute head to make the wind enter the bamboo, making it sound like A Zheng, hence the name." So those that don't make a sound are called paper kites, and those that make a sound are called kites.
Ancient kites are not only used as military reconnaissance tools, but also for ranging, crossing dangers and carrying people.
Southern and Northern Dynasties-Kites were once used as a tool to communicate for help. In Liang Wudi, Hou Jing surrounded Taicheng, and bamboo slips tasted like paper kites. They flew in the air and came and went in a hurry, but they were shot down and defeated. Taicheng fell, and Liang Wudi starved to death, leaving this story of kite calling for help.
Levin in the Northern Qi Dynasty tied people's wings, causing them to jump off a building and die. It is called "Sheng".
During the Han Dynasty-the struggle between Chu and Han, Han Xin once had a big kite made, fitted with bamboo whistle bowstring, and floated out of Chu camp at night to make it make strange noises, so as to break the morale of Chu army.
Tang Dynasty-Kites used for military purposes were gradually transformed into entertainment purposes, and kites were flown in the palace.
Song Dynasty-Flying kites was regarded as a physical exercise function. When people are in Tomb-Sweeping Day, they fly kites high and far, then cut the strings and let them take away the bad luck accumulated in one year.
Ming Dynasty-Explosives were carried by kites, which detonated the fuse on kites according to the principle of "kite collision", thus killing the enemy.
Qingganlong-that is, there are two pieces of paper to control the detailed size and description of the kite.
During the Japanese occupation era, flying kites was forbidden for military reasons, because bright kites could send information to the enemy and provide targets for aircraft bombing.
During World War II, the US military took stunt kites as moving targets and conducted shooting training.
1980, kites became popular, except for the initial double line, which evolved into three-line and four-line technical kites or stunt kites.
The true origin of kites is now impossible to prove. Some folklorists believe that the ancients invented kites mainly to miss the sophisticated relatives and friends, so when the death gate of Tomb-Sweeping Day was briefly opened, they pinned their sympathy on kites and gave them to the dead relatives and friends.
In BC 1000, people in China first flew kites. It is said that people in China could fly kites long before they believed in history. According to legend, in the 4th century BC, Lu Ban, a famous craftsman in China, made a kite and took off for three days without falling. There is also a story in which a general surrounded the palace and used a kite to measure the distance between the palace wall and his own army. Kites can be used to send bricks to and from home, or to tie hooks to the tail of kites for fishing. In 1600, oriental kites (diamonds) were introduced to Europe by the Dutch. /kloc-In the 9th century, the British inventor Clay was inspired by kites and invented the glider. Texas actor Cody "Captain" once used a kite to drag a folding boat across the English Channel. 190 1 year, I made persistent efforts to fly kites with double boxes, which aroused great interest from the British War Department. Soon, the plane replaced the military kite, and Cody, the "captain", died in an air crash while flying his new biplane on 19 13. 1970, the American space program designed various "flying wings" to make kites become toys for adults again. For example, the Rogge Lele folding flying wing was originally designed for the safe landing in the Mercury spacecraft cabin, and was later replaced by a parachute; But this folding wing was originally the wing of today's hang glider. Flying a kite provides the principle and inspiration for the plane to fly into the sky.
Kites were called "kites" in ancient times and "kites" in the north. Most people think that kites originated in China and then spread all over the world. This is a traditional folk handicraft. In fact, the earliest kites in China were made of wood. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Mo Zhai (478-392 BC), a philosopher of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, flew into the sky with a wooden kite for three years. Mozi was in Lushan (now Weifang, Shandong). "It took three years to build a stork, and it failed in one day." . This means that Mozi has been researching and trial-producing for three years, and finally made a wooden bird out of wood, but it broke down after only one day's flight. This "wooden kite" made by Mozi is the earliest kite in China and the earliest kite in the world. (about 300 BC), 2400 years ago.
It was not until Cai Lun invented papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty that people began to make kites out of paper, which is called "paper kites". Therefore, it can be inferred that China kites have a history of more than 2,000 years.
Mozi passed on his kite-making career to his students' open class (also called Luban). Lu Wen said that Lu Ban made kites out of bamboo according to Mo Zhai's ideal and design. Lu Ban split the bamboo, cut it into smooth slices, roasted it with fire, made it look like a magpie, and flew in the air for three days. The book "Hongshu" says, "The public transport team made wooden kites to see Song Cheng".
At first, kites were usually used as military tools, as a means of triangulation signals, sky wind direction measurement and communication. Just like in the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu Ban made a wooden kite to see Song Cheng.
In BC 190, Chu and Han contended, and Han and Han Xin attacked Weiyang Palace to measure the distance under the tunnel with kites. In the Battle of Gaixia, Xiang Yu's army was besieged by Liu Bang's army. Han Xin sent people to make kites out of cowhide, install bamboo flutes, play against the wind (it is said that Sean played the flute with a kite), and sing Chu songs, which distracted the morale of the Chu army. This is the story of the idiom "Embattled".
There are also records about kites in the official history, which are earlier than the Five Dynasties. One of them is the chaos in the background of the Southern Dynasties. Liang Wudi was besieged by the waiting scenery and the city walls were surrounded. He used to fly kites for help. According to the 80th volume of Biography of Southern History and Later Beijing, in the third year of the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 549), there was chaos in later Beijing. The rebels besieged Liang Wudi in Du Liangjianye (now Nanjing) and were cut off from inside and outside. Someone suggested making a paper crow and tying the imperial edict to it. At that time, the prince's suicide note was thrown outside Taijitang by the northwest wind for help, but it was a rebel. This is the story of Jane Wen's unfortunate failure to fly a kite for help.
According to legend, in the 5th century BC, the Greek Alkell Das invented the kite, but it was later lost. It was not until13rd century that the Italian Kyle Poirot returned to Europe from China that kites began to spread in the west.
According to other textual research, it spread to Korea in the tenth century, then to Japan, and to Europe in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.
There is also a story about flying kites in America. At that time, people thought that lightning and flash were the roar of religious gods and caused fear. Fran Green used kites to prove that lightning and flash are air discharges and invented the lightning rod.
The shape of kites mainly imitates natural creatures, such as birds, insects, animals and geometric solids.
In terms of patterns, it is mainly designed according to personal preferences, including promoting beautiful people, animals, butterflies, birds and so on.
Kites are made of plastic besides silk and paper, including bamboo poles, wood and glue.
Recently, someone designed a boneless kite, whose structure is to introduce air into a silk wind pit.
The kite forms an air pillow, floats gently, and then rides in the wind. China, Malaya, the Philippines and Japan also have one.
Plant large kites and put them into the blue sky at each kite festival. These kites vary in size from ten feet to twenty feet.
And so on. Bone poles are made of bamboo poles, 100 people put them.
Kite making tools: paste, paper cutter
Kite making materials: bamboo strips, yarn strips, horse drawing paper.
1) This kind of square kite is the most widely used and common one at present.
2) The skeleton of a kite is very simple, with only two pieces.
3) Although the method is simple, there are many changes in appearance, and you can make a lot with a little effort.
Exercise:
1. First soak the bamboo stick in water to soften it, then break it with a knife, about one third thick, and then trim it into a half shape, because later, the bamboo stick will stick to the horse drawing paper, and if it is too thick, it will tear the paper, and the bamboo stick will be too thick.
2. At this time, you can stick the bamboo stick on the paper, but remember to stick the long bamboo stick on the short third with gauze paper, and then bend it slowly until the two ends of the long bamboo stick touch the diagonal of the paper.
3. In the last step, stick the kite's tail under the kite, and after the angle between the line and the kite is better, you can hang it.
The kite's tail is the main tool to keep the kite balanced. When the kite flies against the wind, if one side is heavy, the kite will tilt to this side, preferably with a long tail, because the longer the tail, the greater the weight of the kite's head will rise, which will make the whole body suffer from the wind and balance the tilted side.
5. The silk thread of the kite can be tied to the kite with thread rollers such as cowhide thread, cotton thread and glass thread. The thread rollers can be divided into round thread rollers and diagonal thread rollers.
Kaifeng kites have a long history. Kaifeng, together with Beijing, Tianjin, Weifang, Nantong and Yangjiang, is called the six traditional kite producing areas in China.
Kites originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and have a history of more than 2,000 years. According to legend, "Mozi is a wooden kite, which was made in three years and lost in one day." In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, kites began to be a tool for transmitting information. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties. With the development of paper industry, people began to paste kites with paper. Flying kites became a popular outdoor activity in the Song Dynasty. Song people's meticulous "Old Wulin Events" wrote: "During the Qingming Festival, people fly kites in the suburbs and return at sunset." Zhang Zeduan's The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in the Northern Song Dynasty and Su Hanchen's The Hundred Zi Map in the Song Dynasty have vivid scenes of giving kites.
Nowadays, flying kites in China plays an important role in foreign cultural exchanges, strengthening friendship with people all over the world, and developing economy and tourism.
Kaifeng kites have a long history, many kinds and fine workmanship. Kaifeng kites can be roughly divided into six categories: hard-winged kites, such as Bigfoot Swallow and Cicada. Soft-winged kites: such as eagles and butterflies; String kites: such as string geese and string dragons; Barrel kites (or three-dimensional kites): such as dragon pavilions and rockets; Board kites: such as seven stars and eight diagrams. Among them, longting kite and dragon kite are the most famous. The "Longxiang" kite is more than 200 meters long and weighs 20 kilograms. After flying, it was magnificent and touching. And boneless kites. In recent years, Kaifeng has also developed exquisite miniature kites, which are petite and exquisite and can be placed in the palm of your hand for people to fondle, collect and fly. Kaifeng kites have become the favorite collection and appreciation of kite lovers at home and abroad.
Kaifeng kites are very popular because there is a folk custom in Kaifeng. On this day, Tomb-Sweeping Day put the kites high and far, and then deliberately cut the kite strings to let them float away with the wind, which means that the "depressed gas" accumulated in the past year is completely released, but he can't get sick for a year. Moreover, kites are full of hope. For example, the swallow kite is painted with fish, which implies more than one year. For example, bats, peaches, pine trees and cranes are painted on kites, which means happiness and longevity, and pine cranes will prolong life.
Kaifeng people regard flying kites as an entertainment and fitness activity dedicated to nature. Flying kites in the spring breeze in April is the favorite activity of Kaifeng citizens. This activity is also very beneficial, suitable for all ages. By flying kites in the wild suburbs, we can absorb fresh air, exercise, cultivate sentiment, strengthen our physique and make us healthier and happier.