It can be seen from the literal meaning that Taekwondo is a kind of martial arts fighting with both hands and feet, but in some competitive competitions, such as the Olympic Games, some techniques, especially hand skills, are restricted for reasons such as protecting athletes and enhancing the appreciation of the competition. Specific requirements, that is, the hand attack action can only use straight fist (straight fist), and must only attack the position where the trunk part is protected by protective gear.
[Edit this paragraph] Spirit and Declaration
Courtesy, honesty and shame, patience and self-denial, perseverance.
Loyalty, filial piety, righteousness and courage
Things kill things.
A war of friendship between countries
Take advantage, not take advantage.
Loyalty and filial piety choose to retire
1, I abide by the spirit of taekwondo.
I respect teachers and seniors.
I will never use taekwondo indiscriminately.
I want to be an emissary of freedom and justice.
I want to create a more peaceful society.
[Edit this paragraph] The main characteristics of Taekwondo
First, give priority to with legs, fists and feet.
Second, the movement pursues speed, strength and effect, and tests skills by breaking.
Third, emphasize breathing and make sounds.
Fourth, be rigid and concise.
Five, the ceremony has a beginning and an end, both inside and outside.
[Edit this paragraph] Basic operation
Taekwondo is famous for its unpredictable, beautiful and unique leg technique, and is called the art of kicking by the world, which is an important feature that distinguishes Taekwondo from other fighting techniques. Taekwondo's legs are varied and flexible, which requires high flexibility of human body, sensitivity of brain reaction and stability of body movements. It is a comprehensive test of human function and physical quality.
The commonly used parts of kicking in Taekwondo are forefoot, toe, instep, foot knife, heel and heel (heel bottom). These parts can be used to carry out different forms of kicking attacks, such as standing kicking, jumping kicking, run-up kicking, turning kicking and flying kicking, and each kicking method has different parts. In actual combat, we should choose different kicking methods according to the specific situation, such as the opponent's position, exposed parts, defensive posture, the distance between the two sides and so on. When kicking, you should use footwork to keep your body balanced, and effectively approach the opponent to make a kicking action. Pay attention to the defense of both arms. Return to the ready position immediately after kicking and prepare for the next attack and defense. Legs should return quickly to avoid being caught or hugged by the other side. The practice method of kicking mainly depends on kicking the hanging sandbags with various leg methods at ordinary times, and improving the strength, speed and height of kicking through repeated practice.
(1) Front kick: The basic posture of actual combat posture begins. Turn your right foot to the hip joint to the left, and put your fist on your side; At the same time, lift the right leg with the hip joint as the axis. When the thigh is raised to a level or slightly higher, the joint is pushed forward, and the calf is kicked forward and upward with the knee joint as the axis, reaching the tip of the leg, and the whole leg is kicked straight. Relax quickly after kicking, bounce your right leg along the original route, put your right foot in front of your left foot, and keep your actual combat posture. Action essentials: the knee joint is clamped and the calf is relaxed and elastic; Send forward, send up when kicking high; The leg recovers as quickly as the forward kick. The main attack sites are face, chin, abdomen and crotch. Forward kick can also be used for defense. When the front kick force changes from toe to heel, the front kick action changes into front kick action, and the key points of the action method are the same, but the shape of the foot has changed.
(2) Side kick: the basic posture of actual combat begins; Lift your right leg with your right foot on the ground with your hip joint as the axis, and put your fists on the side; Immediately, the left foot rotates 180 degrees from the front of the sole, the hip joint rotates to the left, the right leg is pushed forward with the knee joint as the axis, and the right foot is kicked straight to the right, with the force point at the heel. After launching, take back your legs without starting the leg route, relax, lower your center of gravity (in situ or forward), and return to the actual combat posture again. Action essentials: When starting the leg, both legs and knees are clamped; When kicking, the head and shoulders, waist, buttocks, knees, legs and ankles are in a line; Kick the thigh straight and take back the original route. The main attack parts of side kick are knees, abdomen, ribs, chest and head and face.
(3) Back kick: Starting from the actual combat posture, turn around and turn your back to your opponent with your hind legs. The center of gravity moves back to the left foot and right foot, then lifts the knee, the right foot is close to the left thigh, and the fist is placed on the chest; Immediately, the left pedal is straightened, and the right foot is kicked out from the inner side of the left thigh to the rear, reaching the heel. After the kick, the right foot quickly recovered along the original route and became a practical posture. Action essentials: after starting the leg, the upper body and legs are closed and tightened; When kicking back, the action should be extended and hard; Turn around, lift your legs, and kick out continuously at one time without stopping; Hit the target right behind. The main attack parts of back kick are knee, abdomen, crotch, chest and head and face.
(4) Down chopping: the actual combat posture begins. Push your right foot to the ground and move your center of gravity forward to your left foot. At the same time, lift your right leg with the hip joint as the axis, and put your fists on your chest with both hands; Immediately send your hips to your chest, lift your knees to your chest, straighten your right calf with your knees as the axis, straighten your right leg in front of your body, and put your right foot over your head. Then relax and chop down with the right heel (or sole) as the power point until it hits the ground and becomes a practical posture. Action essentials: raise your legs as high as possible, lift your head back, send your hips up, and raise your center of gravity; Feet relax and fall forward, and landing should be controlled; Take your legs quickly and decisively; Relax your ankle. The main attack sites of cheating are the top of the head, face and collarbone.
(5) Punching and kicking: the actual combat posture begins. The center of gravity of the right foot moves forward, the right leg is lifted with the hip joint as the axis, and the fists are placed on the side; The forefoot of the left foot rotates 180 degrees, and the right leg continues to stretch forward and upward in a straight line around the knee joint. Then the bent knee of the right foot is whipped to the right, the upper body turns right along the whipping trend, the bent knee of the right leg recovers, and the right foot falls back to its original position, which becomes a practical posture. Action essentials: lift the knee, straighten it, and whip the right knee continuously and quickly without stopping; The hitting point is to the right in front of the body, with the sole of the foot as the hitting point; The left foot rotates to support balance, and the kicking hind leg retracts quickly. The main parts of swing kick attack are head, face, abdomen and chest.
(6) Spin-down kick: The actual combat posture begins. Turn your feet inward about 180 degrees with the sole of your foot as the axis, then turn your body right about 90 degrees and put your fists on your chest. Turn right on the upper body and twist your legs at a certain angle. The right foot pushes the ground to combine the power of pushing the ground with the power of twisting the upper body, and the right leg continues to swing back to the right and whip, while the upper body turns right, driving the right leg to swing to the right side of the body in an arc shape, and the right leg bends its knees to recover; After the right foot falls to the right, it becomes an actual combat posture. Action essentials: turn and spin, even kick, in one go, without stopping; The hitting point should be straight ahead and in a horizontal arc; Bend your knees and start your legs at a faster speed; The center of gravity rotates 360 degrees in situ. The main parts of backspin kick attack are denomination and chest.
(7) Push and kick: The actual combat posture begins. Push the right foot to the ground, move the center of gravity forward, push the right foot forward with the hip joint as the axis, push the sole of the right foot forward, with the stress point on the sole of the foot and the thrust forward. Action essentials: try to tighten the knee joint as much as possible after lifting the knee; Move the center of gravity forward and use the weight and strength of the body; When pushing, the legs stretch forward and the hips are fat; Push the route forward horizontally. The main target of pushing and kicking is the abdomen.
(8) Cross kick: The actual combat posture begins. Put your right foot on the ground, move your center of gravity forward to your left foot, lift your right foot on your knees, and put your fist on your chest; The forefoot of the left foot is turned inward, the hip joint is turned left, and the left knee is buckled; Immediately, the left palm continued to rotate inward to 180 degrees, the knee joint of the right leg was lifted forward to a horizontal state, and the calf was quickly kicked out to the left and outside. Quickly relax and retract the calf after hitting the target. The right leg falls back to its original position and becomes an actual combat posture. Action essentials: Knee joint clamping, knees leaning forward, try to walk in a straight line; Support foot external rotation 180 degrees; Hips forward, body and legs in a straight line; Pay strict attention to the impact point of instep; The ankle joint is relaxed, and the feeling of hitting the ball is "dough" and "whip tip". The main parts of kicking attack are head, chest, abdomen and ribs.
(9) Jumping and kicking: refers to the attack technique of jumping to make the body empty first, and then completing various kicking methods in the air. Jump kick includes whirlwind kick, double kick, kick after flying, split kick after flying, spin kick after flying and jump kick, which is a difficult technical action of Taekwondo. In the following teaching articles, we will specifically carry out decomposition teaching and introduce the practice methods.
(10) One-legged kick: an attack mode in which the same leg is kicked more than twice in a row. This technique is also a difficult technical action of Taekwondo, which will be described in detail in the later teaching articles.
(1 1) Kick with both legs: attack with both legs more than twice. This technique is also a difficult technical action of Taekwondo, which will be described in detail in the later teaching articles.
Type (product type)
The "types" of Taekwondo are divided into one chapter to eight chapters, which are the basic movements that beginners must be familiar with. Each type has profound connotations. Attack, defense, advance, retreat, flash, hide, reverse and interact with moves, with endless changes. It is a kind of martial arts with both fists and feet, which can be attacked and defended, and even requires brains. Learning Taekwondo can help you keep fit. Except Tai Chi-1 to Tai Chi -8, only through gradual and diligent practice can we concentrate and use our eyes, ears, hands, feet and heart flexibly, and then seek further study-Jin Duan. The types of golden sections are divided into: the first section of Koryo style, the second section of King Kong style, the third section of Taibai style, the fourth section of plain style, the fifth section of decimal style, the seventh section of Taekwondo style, the seventh section of Tianquan style, the eighth section of Hanshui style and the ninth section of the same type. This is the standard form recognized by the World Taekwondo Federation. From level 8 to level 1, you must be proficient in the first to eighth chapters of Taiji, and from primary to level 9, you must be proficient in the above types. In addition to mastering various types and techniques, people in the upper stage pay more attention to cultivating noble martial arts morality and exercising strong will to reach the highest level of martial arts practitioners.
First, the venue of Taekwondo
The playing field of Taekwondo is a horizontal square field, with a length of12m and a width of12m without obstacles. The ground of the venue should be an elastic mat. The area 8 meters long and 8 meters wide in the center of the venue is the competition area, and the rest are the warning areas. The surfaces of the warning area and the competition area are divided by two different colors, and the same color is divided by a 5 cm wide white line.
Taekwondo competition time
Taekwondo is divided into three games, each game is three minutes, and there is a one-minute break between games. Each game of the Youth Championship consists of three games, each lasting two minutes, with a one-minute break.
Taekwondo competition referee password
In taekwondo competition, all the instructions of the referee are pronounced in Korean, which often makes the majority of fans unable to understand.
This is not a difficult problem, as long as you simply learn.
Chinese-Korean phonetic comparison table of common passwords used by taekwondo referees
One hana, two duers, three races, four is five, six is six, seven is seven, eight is eight, nine is nine, and ten is ten.
At attention, the train began to rattle away from the west and continued to rattle away. At the end of their tether, germain is going to give Xi a quasi-timing and suspend him.
Warning, one penalty. Gump is red and blue, and orange is red.
Techniques allowed in Taekwondo competition
When using boxing, you must make a fist and hit it with your index finger or middle finger on the front of the fist; When using the foot technique, you must hit the ball with the front of the foot below the ankle joint.
It should be noted here that techniques such as finger, palm, elbow and knee are only suitable for normal practice or quality performance.
It is forbidden to use it in the competition; Grab, hug, hug, push, etc. It was also banned in the competition. If it appears, it will be fined once and warned twice, and one point will be deducted.
The parts that are allowed to attack in taekwondo competition
In Taekwondo competition, the parts that are allowed to attack include above the hip bone to below the clavicle and ribs, but the parts of the back that are not protected by protective gear are forbidden to attack. The ears of the head are forward, and the front of the head and neck is only allowed to attack with feet.
How to score in taekwondo competition
Using the allowed technology, hitting the effective scoring position accurately and powerfully means scoring once, scoring one point at a time, and hitting the head for two points.
Effective scoring parts include abdomen and ribs and parts of the face that allow attacks.
If an invalid scoring position protected by the protective gear is hit with an allowed technique, the score will be calculated when the opponent is knocked down.
The way to win taekwondo competition
( 1) knockout (k？ O wins)
(2) The referee stops the game (RSC wins)
(3) Winning by score or advantage (judging winning)
(4) The other party abstained (abstained)
(5) The opponent loses the winning qualification (disqualification)
(6) The referee awarded a foul victory (foul victory)
[Edit this paragraph] Specific Taekwondo spirit
Whether you can build a martial arts family with Taekwondo depends on whether all the students who devote themselves to this cause can practice our motto, that is, whether they can practice the spirit of Taekwondo.
The spirit of Taekwondo includes courtesy, righteousness, shame, forbearance, self-denial and unyielding.
Etiquette and justice
This is the highest norm that human beings should abide by, and it is also a means to educate human beings. And it is an unwritten rule set by many saints and gentlemen in order to do a good job in collective life. Therefore, all students should at least try their best to comply with several minimum requirements in the following etiquette categories.
1. A high degree of mutual understanding.
You should be ashamed of the bad habit of slandering or insulting others.
3. Modesty and mutual respect for personality.
4. Promote humanitarianism and a sense of justice.
5. The relationship between teachers and students, seniors and juniors should be clear.
6. Act according to etiquette.
7. Respect other people's property.
8. Regardless of the size of the problem, adhere to the principle of fairness and handle it carefully.
9. Don't give or accept vague gifts.
sense of honor
Learn to distinguish right from wrong. If you do something wrong, you should be ashamed of yourself, whether you are a three-year-old child or any ordinary person. For example:
First, let alone the lack of teaching strength, just like an authoritative normal teacher leads good students astray, but they are not ashamed.
Second, in order to show off the power during the demonstration, stick cracked pine boards together, or prefabricate cracked bricks to break them, and brazenly face the audience or students.
Third, decorate the Dojo in a big way or decorate the office with fake certificates and trophies, and win the favor of the students with excessive hypocritical enthusiasm to cover up their incompetence.
Fourth, a true man of martial arts will be humble even if he is promoted in rank or level. On the contrary, they are specious budokas who demand more than their own strength or level, or are not ashamed to buy them with money.
Five, anyone for the purpose of self-interest or show off fake force, need a stage or level.
Sixth, instead of cultivating outstanding disciples, we run the Dojo for profit, and unreasonably ask students for money, goods or certificates.
7. Teachers or students who do not keep their words and deeds and keep their promises.
Eight, ask the younger generation for technical advice, and be ashamed of your elders.
Nine, for personal gain, flattering rights, as a basic gesture that martial arts practitioners forget to observe, but pretend to be martial arts practitioners.
keep one's patience
Patience is a virtue. There is an old saying that family harmony can only be achieved by forbearing a hundred times, and only those who can endure can get happiness and prosperity. No matter who is in a high position or has perfect skills, if you want to accomplish anything, you must first set a goal, and then keep moving towards that goal with lasting endurance in order to get what you want.
/kloc-In the 4th century, when Roibert Briuis gave up because of repeated defeats, he saw a little spider weaving a web on a branch. Despite seven failures, he continued to weave hard. The eighth time he finally succeeded, he regained his courage and finally liberated Scotland. This fact must be the achievement of forbearance. Therefore, as a Taekwondo person, no matter what difficulties you encounter, patience and overcoming are one of the effective methods.
Self-denial, both inside and outside the Dojo, is really a very important issue. If you are beaten by subordinates or colleagues because of some mistakes in free fighting, if you can't restrain yourself and attack with emotions, it will cause accidents. Moreover, if you are not modest and unrestrained, live freely, blindly envy others and love vanity, you will also lose the qualification to become a martial artist. Laozi said: the strong are not those who beat each other, but those who beat themselves. That is, self-improvement and self-improvement.
Indomitable spirit
There is a simple stone tablet that records the greatest and bravest battles widely circulated in the world. The inscription reads: "There are 300 warriors who have completed all their duties." In other words, Leonidas and his bravest 300 people showed the world what indomitable spirit is when the Moro people face the powerful Xue Xisi. That is to say, with his own courage and strong will, he never gave in to the dominant enemy, without fear, and persisted in fighting to the end, reflecting the indomitable spirit.
A real Taekwondo man is modest and upright. If a person has a sense of justice, no matter who the other person is or how many people there are, he should move forward without fear, hesitation and determination. Confucius once said: You are a useless coward who knows that you are just, but you dare not shout loudly, let alone stand up. If you put all your energy into the set goal with indomitable spirit, there will be no failure.
Nowadays, exercise and fitness have gradually become fashionable, and taekwondo, judo, aikido, kendo ... all kinds of "Dao" have become popular for a time. Taekwondo, as a sport that can strengthen the body and exercise the will, has become the mainstream of fashion and is loved by more and more young people.
Taekwondo originated from the Korean peninsula and has a long history. What is Taekwondo? Tae, meaning kicking and bumping; Power, a symbol of strength, means hitting with fists and fighting with wisdom and courage; Tao, which means morality, is an artistic method and the highest realm pursued by Taekwondo. Taekwondo is a fighting method with both hands and feet. It emphasizes technology, but ignores strength. It is an art that fully demonstrates leg skills. I believe that the reassuring and elegant backswing in Jade Guanyin not only hit the handsome Yang Rui, but also hit the handsome men and women in the city. There is mystery, love and self-defense. Who doesn't want to experience it for themselves?
First, posture and etiquette:
(1) posture: The correct posture in practicing Taekwondo is directly related to the development of training level. There are 14 common postures in Taekwondo, such as actual combat posture, product posture preparation posture, natural posture, riding posture, vertical half-moon posture, forward bending posture, backward bending posture, high forward bending posture, forward stepping posture, cat's foot posture, front crossing posture, back crossing posture, leg-buckling independent posture and upright posture. (Attached Figure 2-4)
(2) Etiquette: The etiquette of Taekwondo is also called etiquette. It is the spiritual expression of the deep connotation of Taekwondo. Students should "start with ceremony and end with ceremony", respect each other and learn from world skills. We should love ourselves and respect ourselves at ordinary times, especially for our elders, be modest and care about others. Etiquette is extremely important in taekwondo.
Etiquette meaning:
TAE (Tae) kicks, bumps and jumps.
KWON (boxing) to fight with boxing.
The artistic method and realm of doing (Tao) (I think there is also etiquette cultivation)
Etiquette: "Bowing down" is the basic form of etiquette, with the waist leaning forward 15 degrees and the head leaning forward 45 degrees.
2 Features and functions:
First, the characteristics:
1) Legs are the main ones, and hands are the auxiliary ones.
2) Take both internal and external courses to test the skill level.
Function:
Cultivate a sense of competition; Self-defense and fitness; Exercise will; Develop body and mind (the ability to observe opponents and organize tactics)
Second, the venue.
1. Volume classification
Symbol: Men's Heavyweight
The minimum is below 48kg, and the maximum is above 84kg.
48-68kg 68-78kg every 4kg level 78-84kg every 5kg level is another level.
Women heavyweight
The minimum is below 40 kg, and the maximum is above 67 kg.
40-52 kg for every 4 kg class and 52-67 kg for every 5 kg class.
Third, effective score.
1. Effective scoring position: trunk (between pelvis and clavicle (except limbs))
Head (the two earlobes are connected downward, and the tip of the ear is connected upward to the front of Baihui point)
2. Meaning of scoring: scoring refers to accurately and powerfully hitting the effective scoring position by using permitted technology.
3. The score is divided into the sum of the scores of three games (it doesn't matter who comes first, he won't win because of the high total score of the first two games, but also depends on the third game and the total score, which is different from Sanda)
4. Effective score:
Trunk:1; Head: 2; Knock down (referee starts counting seconds) plus 1.
Fourth, the way to win:
1. Knock down to win (that is, K.O.)
2. the advantage wins (:that is, one side of the game has an advantage, and the strength of the double opposition is very different. In order to avoid injury to the other side, the referee ruled that the dominant side won. Because the players in international competitions are all good in strength, this situation is rare in international competitions. )
Step 3 abstain and win
Step 4 disqualify and win
5. The referee awarded the foul to win (the opponent accumulated the foul)
Only when three linesmen agree at the same time can the system win the best of three games.
Before playing, both sides draw lots. The red one takes the red protective gear and the green one takes the blue protective gear. The red one stands on the referee's left hand and the green one stands on the referee's right hand. The rest areas on both sides are the same as above.
The warning zone is the danger zone, and it is very dangerous for one player to be forced here by another player.
Verb (short for verb) evil
(1) kyong-go is a foul that won't hurt the opponent. A penalty of 0.5 points is as follows:
1, turn your back on your opponent to avoid the attack.
2. Fall to the ground (passively avoiding attacks to delay time)
3. Avoid the game
4. Grab, hug or push your opponent.
5. Attack below the waist (whether intentionally or unintentionally, whether successful or not)
6. Pretend to be injured
7. Knee your opponent.
8. I didn't intend to attack my opponent's face with my hand.
9. Out of bounds (out of bounds, out of bounds 10× 10)
10, bad behavior of coaches and athletes
(2) gam-jeom commits a serious foul, and the penalty 1 point is as follows:
1. Attack the fallen opponent.
2. After the referee gives the password of kal-yeo (pause, something happens in the middle of the game) or ke-man (stop, the game is over), he attacks the opponent.
3. Grab your opponent's attacking foot, throw him down or push him with your hand.
4. Deliberately attack the other person's face with your hand (it is "intentional"! Unlike article 8 above)
5. The coach or athlete interrupts the game (not just "bad behavior"! Unlike article 9 above)
6. The excessive behavior of coaches or athletes affects the competition and violates sports ethics.
major function
Wudao Taekwondo has many functions such as encouragement, self-defense, fitness, self-cultivation and entertainment. It is a good means to strengthen people's physique and cultivate the quality of will. Taekwondo required by Wushu is not only technically perfect, but more importantly, it encourages yourself to make continuous efforts through training, so as to succeed! Let our members become real "strong"!
Perfect yourself and surpass yourself!
Encourage yourself to be a successful person!
(A) to improve and enhance physical fitness
(B) improve self-defense and self-defense capabilities
(3) Hone the will and cultivate Kaku Takashina's accomplishment.
(4) Boxing ballet
(5) For teenagers, Taekwondo can help them build up full self-confidence and sense of honor. Through the continuous maturity of technology, teenagers can gradually complete actions that they would have thought impossible before.