Over the past five years, China's social productive forces and comprehensive national strength have improved significantly. We effectively responded to the impact of the international financial crisis, maintained steady and rapid economic development, successfully completed the main objectives and tasks of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, and the national economy reached a new level. The GDP reached 39.8 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 1 1.2%, and the fiscal revenue increased from 3 16 trillion yuan to 83 1 trillion yuan. Major breakthroughs have been made in frontier technologies such as manned space flight, lunar exploration project and supercomputer. Great achievements have been made in the modernization of national defense and the army.
Over the past five years, various social undertakings have been accelerated and people's lives have improved significantly. Education, science and technology, culture, health and sports have made all-round progress. 57,765.438 million new jobs were created in cities and towns, and 45 million agricultural laborers were transferred; The per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents increased by 9.7% and 8.9% respectively. The social security system covering urban and rural areas has been gradually improved.
Great progress has been made in reform and opening up in the past five years. New breakthroughs have been made in the reform of key areas and key links, and the socialist market economic system has been improved. Last year, the total foreign trade reached 2.97 trillion US dollars, and the level of open economy improved rapidly.
In the past five years, China's international status and influence have improved significantly. We have played an important and constructive role in international affairs, effectively safeguarded national sovereignty, security and development interests, and made significant progress in all-round diplomacy. We successfully hosted the Beijing Olympic Games and the Shanghai World Expo, realizing the century-old dream of the Chinese nation.
These brilliant achievements have fully demonstrated the superiority of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, demonstrated the great power of reform and opening up, greatly enhanced the self-confidence and pride of the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, and enhanced the cohesion and centripetal force of the Chinese nation, which will surely inspire us to forge ahead courageously in the new historical journey.
In the past five years, we have mainly done the following work:
(1) Strengthen and improve macro-control to promote steady and rapid economic development. We pay attention to the direction, focus and intensity of macro-control and firmly grasp the initiative in economic work. In the early period of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, correct policies and measures were taken to solve the problems of excessive investment growth, excessive trade surplus, excess liquidity, structural and imported price increases, which effectively prevented the incipient problems from turning into trend problems and local problems from turning into overall problems. In the past two years, faced with the impact of the once-in-a-century international financial crisis, we have calmly responded, made scientific decisions, and resolutely implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy. Adhere to the implementation of a package plan, increase government expenditure and implement structural tax cuts on a large scale, implement the plan for the adjustment and revitalization of key industries on a large scale, vigorously promote independent innovation and strengthen scientific and technological support, and greatly improve the level of social security. Adhere to the strategic policy of expanding domestic demand and adopt a series of policies and measures to encourage consumption to increase the income of urban and rural residents, especially low-income people. The scale of consumption continued to expand and the structure continued to upgrade. The investment plan of 4 trillion yuan will be implemented in two years, of which 1. 18 trillion yuan will be invested by the central government, 43.7% will be invested in affordable housing projects, rural livelihood projects and social undertakings, 15.3% will be invested in independent innovation, structural adjustment, energy conservation and emission reduction and ecological construction, 23.6% will be invested in major infrastructure construction, and 65433 will be invested in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction. Government investment has driven social investment, and domestic demand has increased substantially, effectively filling the gap of external demand, reversing the downward trend of economic growth in a short period of time, and taking the lead in realizing recovery in the world, which not only overcame special difficulties, effectively guaranteed and improved people's livelihood, but also laid a solid foundation for long-term development.
(2) Do a good job in "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and consolidate and strengthen the agricultural foundation. The central government's investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers totaled nearly 3 trillion yuan, with an average annual increase of more than 23%. The complete abolition of agricultural taxes and various fees has ended the history of farmers paying taxes for farming, reducing the burden on farmers by more than 654.38+033.5 billion yuan every year. Establish a subsidy system for grain farmers and a compensation mechanism for interests in major producing areas. Last year, farmers' production subsidy funds reached 654.38+0226 billion yuan. The minimum purchase price and temporary storage policy will be implemented for key grain varieties, and the minimum purchase price of wheat and rice will be increased by 25% to 40%. Strictly protect cultivated land. Focus on promoting the progress of agricultural science and technology. Grain output has hit record highs, reaching 1.09 trillion Jin last year, increasing production for seven consecutive years; The per capita net income of farmers reached 59 19 yuan, achieving sustained and rapid growth. The comprehensive rural reform has been steadily advanced, and the reform of the collective forest right system and the management system of state-owned farms has been comprehensively promoted. The construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure was accelerated, and 7,356 large and medium-sized and key small reservoirs were strengthened, which solved the drinking water safety problem of 265,438+500,000 rural population. The life of farmers is getting better and better, and rural development has entered a new era.
(3) Vigorously promote economic restructuring and improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth. First, accelerate industrial restructuring and independent innovation. Actively promote technological transformation and mergers and acquisitions of enterprises, and the overall level and competitiveness of industry, especially equipment manufacturing, have been significantly improved. Strategic emerging industries grew rapidly. Accelerate the construction of a national innovation system, implement knowledge innovation projects and technological innovation projects, break through a number of cutting-edge technologies, core technologies and key equipment technologies urgently needed for industrial development, and realize the industrialization of a large number of scientific research achievements. The service industry developed rapidly, accounting for 2.5 percentage points of GDP. Infrastructure construction has been significantly accelerated. In five years, 6.5438+0.6 million kilometers of railway lines were built, 639,000 kilometers of highways were added, including 33,000 kilometers of expressways, 33 airports were built, rebuilt and expanded, and 6.5438+0.7 million kilometers of dikes were built and reinforced. Second, solidly promote energy conservation and emission reduction, ecological construction and environmental protection. Put forward the action targets and policy measures for controlling greenhouse gas emissions in China before 2020, and formulate and implement a comprehensive work plan for energy conservation and emission reduction. Vigorously develop clean energy and add 445 million kilowatts of installed power generation, including 960 1 10,000 kilowatts of hydropower and 3.84 million kilowatts of nuclear power. Shut down 7265438+ million kilowatts of small thermal power units and eliminate a number of backward coal, steel, cement and coke production capacity. Promote the construction of key forestry ecological projects and complete afforestation of 25.29 million hectares. Comprehensively control the area of soil erosion by 230,000 square kilometers, and strengthen the prevention and control of water pollution, air pollution and industrial "three wastes" in key river basins. Vigorously develop circular economy. In the past five years, the energy consumption per unit GDP has decreased by 19. 1%, and the chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions have decreased by 12.45% and 14.29% respectively. The third is to promote the coordinated development of regional economy. We will implement the overall strategy for regional development, promulgate and implement the national plan for major functional areas, formulate guiding opinions and a series of regional development plans for the new decade of western development, and promote new measures for the leap-forward development of Tibet, Tibetan areas in four provinces, Xinjiang and other ethnic areas. The development of the central, western and northeastern regions has accelerated, and major indicators such as economic growth rate have exceeded the national average; The economic structure in the eastern region has been continuously optimized, and independent innovation and competitiveness have been gradually improved; The gap in basic public services between regions tends to narrow, and a distinctive regional development pattern has taken shape.
(4) Unswervingly deepen reform and opening up and enhance the internal vitality of economic and social development. The financial transfer payment system was gradually improved, and the county-level basic financial security mechanism was initially established. The transformation of value-added tax was fully implemented, the reform of refined oil prices and taxes and fees was smoothly promoted, the pilot reform of resource tax was launched, and the tax system of domestic and foreign-funded enterprises was fully unified. The shareholding system reform of large state-owned commercial banks was successfully completed, and the reform of policy financial institutions and rural credit cooperatives was actively promoted; The problem of non-tradable shares of listed companies was successfully solved, the GEM, stock index futures and margin financing and securities lending were successfully launched, and the bond market developed steadily. Deepen the reform and opening up of the insurance industry; The reform of the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism was promoted in an orderly manner, and the pilot project of RMB settlement of cross-border trade was continuously expanded. Positive progress has been made in the reform of the shareholding system of state-owned enterprises and the supervision system of state-owned assets. The reform of the postal system was accelerated. Formulate and implement a series of policies to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and private investment. The development environment of non-public ownership economy has been continuously improved, and various ownership economies have developed together.
Constantly expand the breadth and depth of opening up. The total import and export volume grew at an average annual rate of 15.9%, and the structure was constantly optimized. The trade surplus declined for two consecutive years, with 20 10 down by 6.4% over the previous year. The level of utilizing foreign capital has been further improved. The pace of enterprises' "going global" has obviously accelerated, with a cumulative foreign direct investment of US$ 220 billion and a turnover of US$ 335.2 billion in foreign project contracting and labor cooperation. Actively participate in the reform of global economic governance mechanism and the construction of regional cooperation mechanism, and multilateral and bilateral economic and trade cooperation will continue to deepen. The scale of foreign aid continues to expand. Opening to the outside world has effectively promoted economic development and structural adjustment, increased employment, absorbed advanced technology and management experience, and greatly improved China's international status.
(5) Accelerate the development of social undertakings and effectively safeguard and improve people's livelihood. Always adhere to the coordination between economic development and social development, and strive for development around improving people's livelihood. Give priority to employment in economic and social development. Strengthen vocational training and employment services, promote the employment of college graduates, migrant workers and people with employment difficulties in cities and towns, and do a good job in the employment and resettlement of retired soldiers. Implement the labor contract law and the employment promotion law, generally raise the minimum wage, and promote the establishment of harmonious labor relations. Breakthrough progress has been made in the construction of the social security system covering urban and rural areas. The basic old-age insurance for urban workers has been coordinated at the provincial level, and the relationship between old-age insurance has been transferred across provinces. The basic pension for enterprise retirees has been raised for seven consecutive years, with an average annual increase of 10%. The new rural social endowment insurance pilot covers 24% of counties. Actively and steadily promote the reform of the medical and health system, and comprehensively establish a basic medical insurance system for urban residents and a new rural cooperative medical system, benefiting 432 million urban workers and 835 million rural residents. The minimum living security system has achieved full coverage, the urban and rural social assistance system has been basically established, and new progress has been made in social welfare, special care and resettlement, charity and the cause of the disabled. The national social security fund accumulated 786,543.8 billion yuan, an increase of more than 580 billion yuan over five years ago. Vigorously implement the construction of affordable housing and the transformation of shanty towns, so that 1 1 10,000 families with difficulties can live in new houses. We should make unremitting efforts to provide security, medical care and shelter for all.
Formulate and implement the outline of the national medium-and long-term education reform and development plan. In the past five years, the national fiscal expenditure on education has totaled 4.45 trillion yuan, with an average annual increase of 22.4%. Free and compulsory education in urban and rural areas will be fully realized, and all school-age children can go to school free of charge. The performance-based salary system for teachers in compulsory education is fully implemented. Secondary vocational education is free for students from poor rural families, low-income urban families and agriculture-related majors. Accelerate the implementation of the national student aid system, and the financial input will increase from 654.38+08 billion yuan in 2006 to 30.6 billion yuan in 2065, and the coverage will be expanded from institutions of higher learning to secondary vocational schools and ordinary high schools. * * * A total of 210.3 million students were subsidized, and living allowances were provided for more than10.2 million boarding students in compulsory education. Accelerate the renovation of dilapidated buildings in rural primary and secondary schools and the construction of vocational education infrastructure. Improve the quality and level of higher education in an all-round way and enhance the innovation ability of colleges and universities. Formulating and implementing the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Development Plan for Science and Technology, the central government invested 619.7 billion yuan in science and technology, with an average annual increase of 22.7%, and achieved a series of significant results. Vigorously strengthen the capacity building of primary medical and health services. The state finance allocated special funds for the renovation and construction of 23,000 township hospitals, 500 county hospitals10.5 million, 500 county traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, and 2400 county maternal and child health hospitals10.0 million, and established community health service centers. Formulate and implement the outline of the national medium and long-term talent development plan. The goal of the population plan was successfully achieved. Significant progress has been made in the reform of the cultural system. The construction of public cultural service system has been significantly accelerated, and the cultural industry has flourished. Philosophy and social sciences, press and publication, radio, film and television, literature and art have prospered and progressed. The construction of public sports facilities in urban and rural areas has been accelerated, and national fitness activities have become a common practice. The legal system was comprehensively promoted and the "Fifth Five-Year Plan" was successfully completed. Innovating and strengthening social management to maintain social harmony and stability.
The struggle against severe natural disasters such as the Wenchuan earthquake has achieved great success. The three-year task of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction in Wenchuan was basically completed in two years, and the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction of Yushu earthquake and Zhouqu catastrophic mudslide were promoted in an orderly manner. After the baptism of disasters, the people of China are more mature, confident and strong, and the great spirit of perseverance and self-improvement of the Chinese nation is invincible.
In the past five years, we have continuously deepened the reform of the administrative management system, accelerated the transformation of government functions, comprehensively completed a new round of government institutional reform, further promoted administration according to law, built a government ruled by law and a service-oriented government, promoted the openness of government affairs, strengthened administrative accountability, and unremittingly carried out the anti-corruption struggle, and made positive progress in the government's own construction.
Over the past five years, we have made one step at a time, and the people of China have reason to be proud of it! Five years' achievements are hard-won. This is the result of the overall situation and correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as the general secretary, and the joint efforts of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country. Here, on behalf of the State Council, I would like to express my sincere thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, democratic parties, people's organizations and people from all walks of life! I would like to express my sincere thanks to our compatriots in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, Taiwan Province Province and overseas Chinese! I would like to express my sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations and friends from all over the world who care about and support China's modernization drive.
We are soberly aware that the problems of imbalance, uncoordinated and unsustainable development in China are still outstanding. Mainly: the resource and environment constraints of economic growth are strengthened, the relationship between investment and consumption is unbalanced, the income distribution gap is large, the scientific and technological innovation ability is not strong, the industrial structure is unreasonable, the agricultural foundation is still weak, the urban and rural regional development is uncoordinated, the total employment pressure and structural contradictions coexist, and there are still many institutional and institutional obstacles restricting scientific development; The added value of service industry and the proportion of employment, and the proportion of research and experimental development expenditure in domestic production have not achieved the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" goal. Some problems strongly reflected by the masses have not been fundamentally solved, mainly: the total amount of quality education and medical resources is insufficient and unevenly distributed; The pressure of rising prices has increased, and the price increase in some cities is too high; Social contradictions caused by illegal land acquisition and demolition have increased; Food safety issues are more prominent; Corruption is serious in some areas. We must take a highly responsible attitude towards the country and the people, and solve these problems quickly through hard and meticulous work and unremitting efforts to satisfy the people!