You can apply cold compress when you are in pain. After the pain is relieved, you can apply hot compress to the sprained part.
Muscle strain is the most common muscle injury in sports. This kind of injury accounts for more than 25% of all kinds of injuries.
The main causes of muscle strain are:
(1) Insufficient preparation activities. Take part in strenuous activities before the physiological function of muscles reaches the state required for strenuous activities.
(2) Weak physique, low training level, poor muscle elasticity, extensibility and strength, fatigue or overload.
(3) Low motor skills, incorrect posture, uncoordinated movements, excessive exertion, beyond the range of muscle activity.
(4) The temperature is too low, the humidity is too high, and the site is too hard.
Muscle strain can be divided into active strain and passive strain. Active strain is due to the fact that when the muscle actively contracts violently, its strength exceeds the capacity that the muscle itself can bear; Passive strain is mainly caused by muscle stretching exceeding the unique stretching degree of muscle itself, thus causing strain.
Muscle strain can occur at the junction of muscle abdomen and muscle abdomen, or at the attachment of tendon and bone. Strain may be a minor injury, or it may be a partial tear or even a complete break of muscle fibers. Sometimes, in addition to the muscle tissue itself, it often damages the auxiliary tissues around the muscle, such as fascia and sheath. The parts of muscle strain are mostly posterior thigh muscle, dorsal muscle, triceps surae, rectus abdominis and trapezius muscle.
The symptoms of muscle injury are related to the degree of muscle strain. If it is a minor injury, the symptoms are mild; If the muscle fiber is completely broken, the condition will be more serious. Generally, the symptoms are pain, local swelling, muscle tension or spasm, obvious tenderness and hard touch. When the injured muscle actively contracts or passively elongates, the pain will be more serious. Severe muscle strain When the muscle fiber breaks, the injured often feel or hear the sound of breaking, and then local swelling, subcutaneous hemorrhage, limb movement disorder, depression at the broken part or abnormal expansion at both ends appear.
Muscle resistance test is a simple method to check muscle strain. The practice is that the patient actively contracts the injured muscle, and the examiner exerts some resistance to this activity. The part that hurts during confrontation is the injured part of the strained muscle.
The treatment of muscle strain depends on the specific situation. If a small amount of muscle fiber breaks, it should be immediately cold-compressed, locally pressurized, raised the affected limb, and externally applied with Chinese herbal medicine. Most or all muscles are broken, and they are sent to the hospital for surgical suture immediately after pressure dressing.
The prevention of muscle strain is mainly aimed at the cause. For example, be prepared for strenuous exercise, especially the parts that are easy to strain; Those with weak physique and low training level should do what they can to prevent excessive fatigue and heavy load; To improve the coordination of sports techniques and movements, don't use too much force; Improve training conditions and pay attention to the temperature of the sports ground. Pay attention to keep warm in winter outdoor exercise, and don't wear too thin; Pay attention to observe muscle reactions, such as muscle hardness, toughness, elasticity and fatigue; When you re-participate in training after a muscle strain, you should step by step, don't rush into it, and strengthen local protection to prevent another strain.