Summary of FBI
The US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the main investigative tool of the US Department of Justice. According to Article 28, Section 533 of the United States Code, the Attorney General has the right to "appoint officials to investigate crimes against the United States", and other federal decrees give the FBI the power and responsibility to investigate specific crimes. The existing investigation authority of the FBI has exceeded 200 federal crimes. The list of the top ten most wanted criminals has been made public since 1930.
The task of the FBI is to investigate violations of federal crime laws and support the law. Protect the United States from investigating intelligence and terrorist activities from foreign countries, provide assistance to federal, state, local and international agencies in leadership and law enforcement, and perform their duties on the premise of responding to public needs and being loyal to the US Constitution.
Every time the FBI investigates intelligence information, it will submit it to the appropriate American lawyers or officials of the US Department of Justice, who will decide whether to approve the prosecution or other actions. Among them, five aspects that affect society enjoy the highest priority: anti-atrocities, drugs/organized crime, foreign anti-espionage activities, violent crimes and white-collar crimes.
The FBI once had a disgraceful history of supporting the law and sometimes even breaking it. But in the usual impression of most Americans, it is the most effective institution to fight crime. The number of agents is increasing every year, and now there are more than 1 1000 members. Most of the agents are stationed in foreign countries, working in the American embassy, and serving as the ambassador's legal commissioner. The FBI calls itself "LEGATS".
History of the FBI
During the term of President theodore roosevelt, Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte established the Federal Bureau of Investigation composed of special agents on July 26th, 1908. Originally known as the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), it was changed to the Federal Bureau of Investigation on 1935.
John edgar hoover became the director of the Bureau of Investigation on May 1924. At that time, the Bureau of Investigation spent a lot of energy investigating political radicals who did not commit crimes (such as socialist Albert Einstein). When franklin delano roosevelt was in office, he reminded Hoover that liberalism is not a crime, but a political activity of the current president and the executive branch.
The FBI Crime Lab (also known as the FBI Crime Lab) was formally established on June 24th, 2008 +0932+065438.
In 1930s, the FBI arrested a number of notorious kidnappers, robbers and murderers, such as john dillinger, Nelson "Baby Face", Kate "Horse" Barker, Alvin Kapis and George Kelly? "Machine Gun". The FBI also played an important role in the action against the Klan.
From the 1940 s to the 1970 s, the FBI investigated espionage cases against the United States. During World War II, the FBI captured eight Nazi spies who went to the United States to carry out sabotage missions.
The FBI has also done a lot of work on organized crime in the United States, and cracked down on many criminal organizations and gangs, such as the Sam Giancana family and the John Gotti family.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the FBI conducted the controversial Cointelpro operation. The content of this action is to investigate and hinder the actions of American dissident organizations. These organizations include military organizations, non-violent organizations and civil rights organizations. Hoover's investigation of Martin Luther King was also notorious-the FBI found no evidence of a crime and tried to blackmail him with tapes of his private life. Washington post claimed that the FBI had at least sent an anonymous letter to Martin Luther King, urging him to commit suicide.
In the1990s, it showed that the scientific crime detection laboratory of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation often made low-level mistakes. In some cases, the original evidence shows that the suspects are innocent, and the technicians report that they are guilty. When such mistakes are discovered, many such cases will be retried.
American Federal Bureau of Investigation composition
The director of the FBI is appointed by the president and approved by the Senate for a term of 65,438+00 years. The first director was Hoover, and the current director is robert miller. The bureau has more than 20,000 staff members, of whom more than 8,600 are field staff. The annual budget is $2.3 billion.
United States Federal Bureau of Investigation Mission
The task of the FBI is to investigate violations of federal crime laws and support the law. Protect the United States from investigating intelligence and terrorist activities from foreign countries, provide assistance to federal, state, local and international agencies in leadership and law enforcement, and perform their duties on the premise of responding to public needs and being loyal to the US Constitution. Every time the FBI investigates intelligence information, it will submit it to the appropriate American lawyers or officials of the US Department of Justice, who will decide whether to approve the prosecution or other actions. Among them, it enjoys the highest priority in anti-atrocities, drugs/organized crime, foreign anti-espionage, violent crime and white-collar crime.
A subsidiary of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
The FBI is headquartered in Washington, D.C., and has 10 functional departments led by assistant directors, which are responsible for identification, training, criminal investigation, technical services, etc. And set up overseas offices and more than 400 subordinate "local branches" in 59 cities across the country, as well as overseas institutions in 22 countries around the world to carry out the tasks assigned by the headquarters. There is a "scientific laboratory" for criminal offences, a "central fingerprint file" and a "college" dedicated to training senior agents and police.
The National Research Institute of the FBI is located at the United States Marine Corps Base in Quantico, Virginia. Established in 1972, this training institution for senior agents and spies is completely surrounded by 385 mu of forest, and it is difficult to see the panoramic view from the air. According to the official website of the FBI, such an environment is conducive to "security and confidentiality". It is worth noting that the training institute of the United States Drug Administration is also located nearby.
The main body of the National College of the Federal Bureau of Investigation includes three dormitory buildings, 1 canteen, 1 teaching building, 1 forensic research and training center, 1 auditorium, 1 seat, 1 chapel, 1 gymnasium, 650. In addition, there is also a simulation city in the National College, which is specially designed for the students of the FBI and the Training College of the Narcotics Control Bureau to conduct actual combat simulation. There are 1 indoor shooting range, 8 outdoor shooting ranges, 4 UFO shooting ranges and 1 200m rifle shooting range near the simulated city.
Major achievements of the FBI
In 1930s, the FBI arrested a number of notorious kidnappers, robbers and murderers. The FBI also played an important role in the action against the Klan.
From the 1940 s to the 1970 s, the FBI investigated espionage cases against the United States. During World War II, the FBI captured eight Nazi spies who went to the United States to carry out sabotage missions.
The FBI has also done a lot of work on organized crime in the United States, and cracked down on many criminal organizations and gangs, such as the Sam Giancana family and the John Gotti family.
United States Federal Bureau of Investigation dispute lawsuit
Cointelpro Operation: In the 1950s and 1960s, the FBI launched the controversial Cointelpro Operation. The content of this action is to investigate and hinder the actions of American dissident organizations. These organizations include military organizations, non-violent organizations and civil rights organizations. Hoover's investigation of Martin Luther King was also notorious. The FBI found no evidence of the crime and tried to blackmail him with his private sex video. Washington post claimed that the FBI had at least sent an anonymous letter to Martin Luther King, urging him to commit suicide. In the 1990s, the scientific crime detection laboratory of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation often made low-level mistakes. In some cases, the original evidence shows that the suspects are innocent, and the technicians report that they are guilty. When such mistakes are discovered, many such cases will be retried.
Fire Chaplin: Chaplin was targeted by the FBI for his performance in a film that criticized shortcomings. 1922, FBI agents sneaked into Chaplin's film studio to be undercover and monitor his words and deeds. After a while, undercover agents reported to the minister that there were "Bolsheviks who talked a lot" and a large number of "film activists". The topic of discussion is "How important movies are to educate and publicize the workers' movement and revolution". At that time, the director of the FBI was Burns. After receiving the report, he immediately asked his men to collect and sort out the files about the ideological trend in the film industry, and listed the radical activities in the film industry, especially "how to carry out * * * productive propaganda through movies", in an attempt to explain that "the productive thought of film propaganda * *" will have an ideological impact on the people and must be closely monitored.
Surveillance of Einstein: The FBI began to monitor Einstein after World War II. Agents were shocked by his idea of identifying with proletarian ideals and supporting civil rights movements, anti-war groups and some socialism. They are worried that such celebrities will have a negative impact on society if they criticize American policies. In order to find the evidence of Einstein's deportation, the FBI established a detailed personal file about Einstein. This document is 1424 pages long and records the contents of the investigation of Einstein by the FBI.
The FBI scandal
In recent years, the scandals of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation have continued, which shows that there are still many problems in its internal system. The outside world gave a fierce attack.
On July 1 2006, some officials of the FBI who did not want to be named disclosed to the media that the FBI had lost nearly 200 laptops and about 450 weapons in the past 1 1 2 years. According to the FBI, one of the lost laptops must have stored confidential information, and the other three may also have stored confidential information. Thieves stole 13 of the lost computers, and some other laptops were probably lost in the process of passing from one department to another. Of the nearly 450 weapons lost by the FBI, about 184 were stolen. About 13 lost weapons fell into the hands of criminals, who used them in the robbery. Although most of the lost weapons are small arms that are carried with you, there are also many big guys like submachine guns.
In addition to the theft, some guns were obviously lost in the joint training activities of the FBI and other law enforcement agencies. Insiders of the FBI also participated in the loss of weapons. It has been confirmed that 66 of the missing weapons are related to a retired agent, and 4 missing weapons are related to some agents who were dismissed or died. Among the "mistakes" made by the US Federal Bureau of Investigation, the explosions in Russian cities attract attention. At that time, when the FBI provided materials to the defense lawyer of McVeigh, the main criminal of the Russian city bombing, it missed thousands of pages of important documents. As a result, McVeigh's execution was forced to be postponed from May 20065 438+01June 65438+0.
In addition, Hansen, a senior agent of the FBI, is actually a Russian double agent who has been lurking for 15 years. Public opinion was shocked and the FBI was humiliated! China scientist Li Wenhe's mishandling is also a disgrace to the FBI!
The relationship between the FBI and China
The Beijing office of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation was established on1October 22nd, 2002. Its office is located in the US Embassy in China. As the 45th overseas commissioner's office of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Beijing Office has two agents in charge of the affairs of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation in China. Before the establishment of the Beijing office, we communicated with the Ministry of Public Security of China through the Hong Kong office. This situation started at 1966 and officially ended in 2002.
The top ten most wanted criminals of the FBI
The list of "America's Top Ten Most Wanted" was established by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in March 1950. It aims to help the public catch some major fugitives by publishing their photos and simple information such as age, height, weight, body shape, hair color, eyes, skin color, gender, race, occupation and pseudonym. Being on the list of "Top Ten Most Wanted" is not an "easy thing". It must go through the steps of candidates for specialized agencies and primary elections, and finally be finalized by the deputy director of the FBI himself. Fugitives who can enter the list have long-term serious criminal records, or are considered to be a serious threat to society and have no ranking.
The FBI's "Top Ten Most Wanted" List:
"terrorist tycoon" bin Laden (reward of $50 million)
"Terror tycoon" bin Laden: Bin Laden is the leader of Al Qaeda and is suspected of attacking the US embassies in Tanzania and Kenya on August 7,1998; It is also suspected of creating a "9. 1 1" terrorist attack.
Diego Montoya ($5 million reward) (arrested in September 2007)
Diego Ryan Montoya Sanchez: Sanchez is wanted for smuggling tons of cocaine into the United States. It is said that Sanchez is one of the leaders of the North Valley Drug Trafficking Group, Colombia's largest drug trafficking group.
"Gangster Boss" James J. Berg ($65,438+0 million reward)
"Gangster Boss" James J. Berg: Berg is the head of a criminal organization in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. The organization was suspected of making a series of murders in this area from 1970s to mid-1980s, so Berg was wanted. It is said that Berg has a hot temper and always carries a knife with him. May be armed and extremely dangerous.
Victor Mainz Gorena, "Million Bandits" ($654.38+$00,000 reward)
Victor Mainz Gorena, a "Million Robber": Gorena, a former mechanic and security guard, was suspected of robbing a security company in Connecticut in 1983, and successfully robbed a huge sum of $7 million. During the robbery, Gorena took two security guards as hostages.
George Alberto Lopez-Ozko, "The Demon Who Killed and Burned Bodies" ($ 654.38+ million reward)
George Alberto Lopez-Ozko: Wanted for shooting three people in Elmore County, Idaho. On August, 2002, the charred bodies of a woman and her two children were found in a burnt-out car, and each victim was shot in the head and chest.
"Black Wife" Robert William Fisher ($65.438 billion reward)
Robert William Fisher: Fisher is suspected of killing his wife and two children in 200 1 year and setting fire to their house in Scottsdale, Arizona.
Prison Break Master glen stewart godwin ($654.38+10,000 reward)
Glen Glen stewart godwin: The most striking thing about godwin is that he successfully escaped from prison twice. 1987, when godwin was about to be executed for murder, he successfully escaped from a state prison in California. Later that year, godwin was arrested in Mexico for drug trafficking. After conviction, he was sent to Guadalajara, a city in central and western Mexico, to serve his sentence. 1991April, godwin was suspected of killing a cellmate and escaped from prison again five months later, and is still at large.
Alexis Flores ($654.38 million+million prize)
Joe Savarino Shirachi (more than $654.38 million)
Emygdio Preciado(6.5438 million+million prize)
The "top ten most wanted criminals" are generally fixed at ten people. If one is removed, one will be added, but it will be overcrowded occasionally-1968 earl ray, who murdered Martin Luther King, was the first 1 1 Datong criminal.