First, the origin of New Year's Day
China's New Year's Day is said to have started in Zhuan Xu, one of the three emperors and five emperors, with a history of more than 3,000 years. The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in the Book of Jin: "It is actually the spring of New Year's Day when the emperor was transferred to the first month." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun, a literary historian in the Southern Dynasties, also recorded "New Year's Day in four seasons, long life and early spring" in his poem "Jieya". Wu's Dream into the First Month in the Song Dynasty: "The first day of the first month is called New Year's Day, commonly known as the first day of the New Year's Day. This is the first one. " ; Cui Yuan of Han Dynasty called it "Jacky" in San Zi Ming. In the Jin Dynasty, Yang Du Fu called it ""; The Northern Qi Dynasty called it "Yuan Chun" in Huangxia Ci of Hui Yuan Ge Xiang. Tang Dezong Shili called it "Yuan Shuo" in the poem "Yuan Ri retired from the DPRK to watch the war and return to camp"
During the cultural relics excavation in Dawenkou, China found a picture of the sun rising from the top of the mountain with clouds in the middle. According to textual research, this is the oldest writing method of the word "Dan" in China. Later, simplified hieroglyphics of "Dan" appeared on bronze inscriptions in Shang Dynasty. The word "Dan" is represented by a round sun. The word "one" under "Sun" indicates the horizon, which means that the sun rises from the horizon in Ran Ran.
New Year's Day in China always refers to the first day of the first month of the summer calendar (lunar calendar and lunar calendar). Yuan means "early" and "beginning", but it means "day". New Year's Day is collectively called "the first day", that is, the first day of the year. There are different names in Chinese dialects, some are called "New Year's Day", some are called "Big Day", and some are called "New Year's Day", generally called "the first day of the first month".
New Year's Day is called "Yuanri" in Shundian and "Jacky" in Sanzi Chai Ming by Cui Yuan in Han Dynasty. In the Jin Dynasty, Yang Du Fu called it ""; The Northern Qi Dynasty called it "Yuan Chun" in Huangxia Ci of Hui Yuan Ge Xiang. Tang Dezong Shili called it "Yuan Shuo" in the poem "Yuan Ri retired from the DPRK to watch the war and return to camp". The month and date of New Year's Day in China are inconsistent. Xia Dynasty is the first day of the first month, Shang Dynasty is the first day of December, and Zhou Dynasty is the first day of November. After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, the first day of October was New Year's Day, and it has not changed since then (Historical Records). In the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Sima Qian founded the "taichu calendar", and once again took the first day of the first month as New Year's Day, just like the provisions of the Xia Dynasty, so it was also called "Li Xia", which was used until the Revolution of 1911. After the founding of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen followed the farming season in order to "do well in summer"; From the Gregorian calendar, so statistics ",the first day of the first month (the first day of the New Year) is designated as the Spring Festival, and the Gregorian calendar 1 is the New Year.
Second, the customs of New Year's Day in various countries.
China
It is common to organize activities in groups, such as New Year's Eve parties, hanging slogans to celebrate New Year's Day, or holding group activities. In the past, there were groups beating gongs and drums and dancing folk dances. You can see it on TV documentaries now. Today, science and technology have developed and evolved into a gala or something. There have been tours, parties and so on in recent years.
Britain, England
On the day before New Year's Day, every household must have wine in the bottle and meat in the cupboard. The British believe that if there is no wine and meat left over, they will be poor in the coming year. In addition, the custom of "digging wells" in the New Year is also very popular in Britain. People strive to be the first person to draw water, thinking that the first person to draw water is a happy person, and the water obtained from it is auspicious. At midnight on New Year's Eve, English people often go out to visit with cakes and wine. They went straight to their relatives and friends' houses without knocking. According to British custom, after New Year's Eve, the first person to set foot in the house indicates good luck in the new year. If the first guest is a man with dark hair, or a happy, happy and rich person, the host will be very lucky all the year round. If the first guest is a woman with light yellow hair, or a sad, poor and unfortunate person, then the host will be unlucky in the new year and there will be difficulties and disasters on New Year's Eve. People who visit relatives and friends' homes on New Year's Eve should stir the fire in the fireplace before speaking and wish the host "open the door". In some parts of central England, when people go out on New Year's morning, whether they are familiar or unfamiliar, they will give each other copper coins. They think that this will not only make each other rich for a year, but also bring them good luck. New Year's Eve
Scotland
On New Year's Eve, Scots will leave some money in front of every house, and no one will guard it. That night, thieves and beggars saw it and didn't move. Because of the local custom, on New Year's Eve, put money outside the door first and open the door early in the morning, which means "get rich at first sight".
Belgium
In Belgium, on the morning of New Year's Day, the first thing in the countryside is to pay New Year greetings to livestock. People go to cattle, horses, sheep, dogs, cats and other animals and tell these creatures very seriously: "Happy New Year!" " "
Germany
During German New Year's Day, every household should put a fir tree and a horizontal tree, and the leaves are covered with silk flower, which means that a hundred flowers blossom and spring is full. On New Year's Eve, just before midnight, they climbed into the chair. As soon as the bell rang, they jumped up from their chairs and threw a heavy object behind the back of the chair to show that they had abandoned the disaster and entered the new year. There is also a custom of celebrating the New Year in rural Germany-"Tree Climbing Competition" to show the promotion step by step.
Italy
New Year's Eve in Italy is a carnival night. When night began to fall, thousands of people flocked to the streets, lit firecrackers and fireworks, and even fired live ammunition. Men and women danced until midnight. Every household collects old things, breaks some fragile things at home and throws old pots, bottles and cans out of the door, which means getting rid of bad luck and troubles. This is their traditional way of saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new.
France
Celebrating the New Year with wine, people began to binge drinking on the eve of New Year's Day, and it didn't end until 65438+1October 3. The French believe that the weather on New Year's Day indicates a new year. On the morning of New Year's Day, they went to the streets to see the wind direction for divination: the south wind blows, which indicates that the weather will be good and the year will be safe and hot; When the west wind blows, there is a bumper harvest year for fishing and milking; If the east wind blows, the fruit will be rich; When the north wind blows, it is a poor harvest year.
Romania
On New Year's Eve, people put up a tall Christmas tree and set up a stage in the square. The citizens sang and danced while setting off fireworks. Rural people celebrate the New Year with wooden plows decorated with colorful flowers.
Switzerland
Swiss people have the habit of keeping fit on New Year's Day. Some of them go climbing in groups, standing on the top of the mountain facing the ice and snow, singing loudly about a better life. Some ski along the long snowy road in the mountains, as if looking for the road to happiness; Some hold stilt walking competitions, in which men, women and children go into battle together and wish each other good health. Welcome the new year with fitness.
Greece
On New Year's Day, every family will make a big cake and put a silver coin in it. The host cut the cake into several pieces and distributed it to family members or visiting relatives and friends. Whoever eats the cake with silver coins will become the luckiest person in the new year, and everyone congratulates him.
Japan
On the morning of New Year's Day, a Japanese family went out to meet the rising sun, and then went to the shrine to pay homage or say hello to relatives and friends. They call New Year's Day a "suitable day". On this day, their breakfast is very rich, including sugar, buckwheat noodles and Tu Su wine. After that, I went vegetarian for three days in a row to show my piety and pray for good luck in the coming year.
North Korea; South Korea
North Korea has the custom of stick grilles and Fu Tao in the New Year to pray for God's blessing, drive away ghosts and give people happiness. At the dawn of New Year's Day, people put some money into the pre-tied scarecrow and throw it at the crossroads to ward off evil spirits and welcome good luck. At dusk, people burn the hair that the whole family has lost for a year and wish their families peace in the four seasons. During the New Year, Koreans must cook glutinous rice with pine nuts, chestnut powder, jujube paste and honey, which is similar to China's eight-treasure rice to show that the family is prosperous and sweet as honey.
Iran
Iran has an Islamic calendar, and the seasons and months are not fixed. In Iran, celebrating the new year means celebrating the arrival of spring, usually in the late March of the solar calendar, and it takes a grand week to celebrate the new year. People poured into the streets to light a "bonfire"-"night fire", and then the whole family jumped down from the night fire in turn, indicating that they would burn "bad luck", usher in the light, drive away evil spirits and eliminate diseases, and be happy forever. We should eat "seven dishes" on New Year's Eve, and the name of each dish should start with the letter "S" to show good luck. On the last day of the new year, the whole family went out for an outing to ward off evil spirits.
India
New Year's Day in India is called "Crying New Year's Day" and "Fasting New Year's Day". In some places, instead of celebrating China New Year, they hugged each other and cried. They think that at the beginning of New Year's Day, time flies-life is too short, and they cry to express their sighs. In some areas, people welcome the New Year by fasting for one day and one night, from New Year's Day to midnight.
Third, what to eat for the New Year?
Chinese dumpling
After dinner, go out to pay New Year greetings, from near to far, from noon until after the lights are lit. "On this basis, Tang prison pills are similar to jiaozi, boiled and steamed. The word trough appeared in food in Song Dynasty. Jiaozi was called "flat food" in Yuan Dynasty, probably from Mongolian. Jiaozi in the Ming Dynasty, as Zheng Zitong said, was called jiaozi Bait, Fenjiao, Dumpling and Steamed Noodles Dumpling. In addition, there are names such as water snacks. In the Qing Dynasty, the Beijing flag bearer also called jiaozi "Cooking Cakes". Eating jiaozi on New Year's Day was popular in northern Ming and Qing dynasties. For example, in Wanping County, a suburb of Beijing, in Wanbu Miscellaneous Notes written by Shen Bang during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, he said: "If you make a flat food on New Year's Day, you will live a long life. "During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the records of Quwo County, Shanxi Province recorded:" Two scales of grain are guaranteed, and husbands are invited to compete for fun. The word "flat food" was handed down from the Yuan Dynasty.
New Year cake; rice cake
The rice cake is also called sticky cake, which means it gets taller every year. It is made of glutinous rice in the south and sticky millet in the north. Rice cakes have a long history. Rice cakes in Han Dynasty are called rice cakes, cakes, bait and cakes. The recipe of "white cocoon sugar" for making rice cakes was found in Historical Records in the 6th century A.D., and the method of making rice cakes by grinding rice into powder was recorded in Qi Yaomin's Book in the Northern Dynasty. Eating rice cakes on New Year's Day was very popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially in the south. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Volume II of Scenery of the Imperial Capital recorded that on the first day of the first month, "I was excited to wash, eat jujube cakes and eat rice cakes every day". In Jiajing, Hebei Province in the north, Wei County recorded that local people ate "steamed mutton cakes".
In the south, Jiangsu and Zhejiang local chronicles such as Suzhou House and Jiading call it "festival cake", and the local eating of spring cakes is recorded in "Qiongtaizhi" by Zheng De in Guangdong in Ming Dynasty: "Before New Year's Day, spring cakes were steamed in glutinous rice flour (jí) sucrose or ash juice cages, with a circumference of five or six inches and a thickness of five or six inches. All kinds of fruits are sacrificed in the year, cut into annual tea, and feed back each other. " Its shape is similar to today's birthday cake. Volume 12 of Jia Qinglu, a Qing Gulu, recorded it in more detail, saying that millet flour and sugar are called "rice cakes", which are different from yellow and white. Square cakes are one foot square, and there are also "cake ingots" such as ingots, which are used to send answers to friends and relatives on New Year's Eve. In addition, there are slender "strip cakes" and wide "strip cakes". On holidays, rich people hire people to make cakes, which ordinary people can buy in cake shops. New Year's Day custom, what to eat on New Year's Day? After the introduction of the above small series, what doubts do you have about what to eat on New Year's Day? You may wish to continue to pay attention to this site. Bian Xiao wishes you a happy New Year's Day in advance.
Fourth, New Year greetings.
may you have a happy new year! Smooth career, smooth work and sweet love! The body has inexhaustible strength and financial resources are rolling in! Good health, good food, good teeth, good appetite, everything is happy and smooth!
2. When the old clock rings on the New Year's Day, firecrackers sound in unison to add color to the New Year, and the stars change in turn. This is a happy year, the weather is good to see five continents, and China is full of new faces. I want to whisper to you on New Year's Day, bathe in the moonlight and enjoy a beautiful night!
3. Big wealth, small wealth, unexpected wealth and financial resources are rolling; Affection, friendship, love, affection and good luck; Auspicious, rich, peach blossom, good luck. On the occasion of New Year's Day, send my most sincere wishes: Happy New Year's Day!
I can't wait, I decided to wish you and your family a happy new year on behalf of the whole country! Good health! I arranged for them to send all the messages you received in the next few days. I keep a low profile, as long as you know, don't tell anyone!
5. SMS report, bless you around; Have a good year and have a wonderful holiday. After rest and adjustment, the body is light and sad; It's still cold in early spring, so you can't exercise less; Busy after the holiday, remember health insurance!
6. Happy New Year, smooth career, smooth work and sweet love! The body has inexhaustible strength and financial resources are rolling in! Good health, good food, good teeth, good appetite, everything is happy and smooth!
7. Before mentioning it, catch up with the past early and say Happy New Year first; Hit luck, meet good things, say good luck, good luck. I wish you a new atmosphere in the new year, the hope of spring, good luck and a happy and wonderful life!
8. lacing Wen Chun, Xinmao Nianlian, candles and Chinese New Year; Tonight's banquet, we held lanterns and handed them in, and the music was mixed together, which made our feelings stronger and our childlike innocence could withstand the cold winter; I wish the distance, sincerity and respect for the monarch, and harmony at home, Kang 'an and Fu Lin. I wish you a happy New Year!
9. New Year's Day gifts: one catty of peanuts and two jins of jujubes. May you run with good luck; Three pounds of oranges and four pounds of bananas, the financial resources roll into your pocket; Five catties of grapes and six catties of oranges, may you get what you want; Eight catties of mango and ten catties of melon, may you blossom every day.
10. When New Year's Day comes, I'll give you three chocolates: the first dove-I hope you get all the happiness in the world; Di Chin's second chapter-I wish you a golden age imperial life; Cadbury's third thing-I wish you all the best in the new year!
1 1.20xx busy, followed by 20xx; Welcome the New Year's Day of 20xx, with a new look and atmosphere; Open the door and push open the window, and the room will be full of good luck. 20xx Happy New Year's Day, happy and auspicious!
12. The thin calendar is about to turn over and the New Year bell is about to ring. Let go of the most beautiful mood, expect the most surprises and share the greatest happiness. May my deepest wishes accompany you through the new year. Happy new year!
13. The ice is on the water and the cloud is on the wind, so friends should keep it in mind. Yuanyang is on the lake and butterfly is on the flower. May you be happy above me. Look at your face, be sincere in your heart, and write your sincere wishes on the short message: Happy New Year!
14. Colorful fireworks release happiness; Red lanterns sway happiness; Intoxicating wine, blended with sweetness; The lucky bell conveys good luck; At auspicious and festive moments, smiles bloom; Sincere feelings, send blessings: I wish you a happy New Year's Day and all the best!
15. Don't say goodbye in a hurry, drink sake and read in your heart; I can't sleep at night. It's snowing. Where is that gentleman? I can't forget my classmates' feelings, a short message and a wish; New Year's Day is coming. I show my concern. I wish you good health, my wish. Happy new year.
16 New Year's Day. 20xx, I'll give you five "Dan" and one tea "egg", and nothing will go bad during the New Year. A spiced "Dan" is delicious every day in the New Year; A song of Songhua "Dan", enjoy a relaxed New Year moment; A purse "Dan", the Chinese New Year's purse is bulging; There is also a sweet and sour "Dan", which is sweet in the New Year. I wish my friends a happy New Year's Day and all your wishes come true!
17. Don't swear, as long as you are silent; There is no candlelight dinner, just a simple meal; There is no villa, only a hut; There are no roses, only one shoulder. Love is dull and happy, simple and happy. Happy new year!
18. Love, affection, friendship, good luck, good luck, good luck, good luck, good luck. People who love you, people you love, people who miss you, people you miss, everyone is happy! Happy new year!
19. May good luck be like a mine, which is trampled by you from time to time; Bad luck, like a meteor shower, will never catch you; Wealth, like garbage, can be seen everywhere; Happiness is with you all your life, staring at you like a fly. Happy new year!
20. In a blink of an eye, the winter has come to an end. In such a cold day, I miss you more and more. I wish you peace and happiness!
Five, New Year's Day handwritten newspaper materials: New Year's Day poems
Green Jade Cup: Lantern Festival
Song Xin qi Ji
Thousands of trees are blooming and stars are everywhere in the east night.
BMW carved cars are full of incense.
Phoenix flute moves, jade pot turns, fish dragon dances all night.
Moths, snow, willows, gold thread, laughter and incense are all gone.
Looking for him in the crowd, I suddenly turned around,
The man was there, in the dim light.
Fengcheng new year speech
Tea Shen Xing
Cleverly cut Silla and paint colorful gold like a moth;
Since then, the scissors have been idle for a month, and there are more sewing in the boudoir before the age of 20.
Ding Mao yuan ri
Qian Qing Qian Yi
A bottle of wine at the age of one pays homage to the court, and young children bring clothes to comfort the screen.
I like to eat meat when I wait on my mother, but I prefer to dream about fish in 2008.
The hook curtain wants to pick up the new nest swallow, and the ink stone is also sparse.
I went to the neighboring chicken millet bureau, which has nothing to do with me.
New Year's Day manuscripts: New Year's couplets
The first part: add a few happy endings in the old year: approve by going up a flight of stairs in the new year: bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.
The first part: Bamboo is different from the third part. Part two: Hongmei reports to Wanjiachun and returns to the earth in spring.
The first part: people's security, national security and people's security, the second part: good weather, praise for the New Year, cross-approval: people's security, national security and people's security.
The first part: peace and good fortune inside and outside; The second part: happy family, financial resources, horizontal approval: good luck.
The first part: prosperous year after year, with a wide range of sources; the second part: safe and happy year after year, with a high number of horizontal batches.
The first part: the sunrise is better than the fire, and the second part: the riverside is blue and the flowers are overflowing.
The first part: the financial resources are rolling in every day. The second part: Happy New Year.
The first part: all the best, the second part is auspicious: every family is happy and healthy forever; The four seasons are thriving.
The first part: every family gets rich when they are old, and the second part: everyone is happy when they are young: everyone is happy.
The first part: heaven and earth and the family add money, the second part: peace, contentment and happiness; Peace all the year round.
The first part: the sky increases, the people increase their longevity, and the second part: the spring is full, the Kunming is full, and the building is full.
The first part: all the best, show great ambitions, the second part: all your wishes come true, show great ambitions, and approve each other: five blessings.
The first part: all corners of the country are spring; The second part: Wan Shui Qian Shan is brilliant; The second part is the renewal of Vientiane.
The first part: Happy life in the treasure land for thousands of years, and the second part: All the best for the Fu family: Welcome the New Year.
Part I: Smooth sailing and good luck. Part II: All the best, good luck and abundant financial resources.
The first part: smooth sailing and good year after year; Part two: all the best; A better life; Cross-approval: Good luck.
The first part: Smooth sailing and good year after year. Part II: All the best. Step by step. Horizontal batch: five blessings.
Part I: Get rid of old habits; The second part: five lectures, four beautiful trees, new style, cross-approval: farewell to the old and welcome the new.
New Year's Day handwritten newspaper materials: riddles about New Year's Day
It rains on New Year's Day (type)
Answer: one
Have a two-day holiday on New Year's Day (in a word)
A: Wu
It will be New Year's Day in two days (type a word).
A: Wu
New Year's Day is in three days (crossword puzzle).
Answer: son
Classical will arrive at 4: 30 (for a holiday).
Answer: New Year's Day
Clouds cover the distant mountains, and the sky covers the bright moon (for a festival)
Answer: New Year's Day
It has always been left-leaning (for a festival)
Answer: New Year's Day
New year's day is the season of sowing, so study hard in the new year; New Year's Day is the harvest season. After a busy year, I got together with my relatives and enjoyed deep affection and friendship. On the occasion of New Year's Day in the Year of the Rat, I sincerely wish my friends a happy New Year!