Each of us has the right to "survive, enjoy and develop" (English), which means that people's basic needs have three levels. Everyone has these three needs. Obviously, our survival is very important for people, for people to enjoy the wealth of material civilization and spiritual civilization, and for a person's physical and mental development. Especially with the improvement of people's living standard, the improvement of education level and the awakening of people's life consciousness, people's demand and desire for health are getting stronger and stronger.
Why are people's needs and desires for health getting stronger and stronger now? One of the important reasons is that modern society has brought us new threats to human health. The new threats are mainly: overnutrition, insufficient exercise and excessive psychological pressure.
What are the consequences of this situation? It will bring "modern lifestyle disease", which is also commonly known as "modern civilization disease". The so-called "modern lifestyle disease" refers to the physical, psychological and social inadaptability caused by our inappropriate lifestyle. In 2000, China conducted a survey on "Top Ten Killers of Urban People and Rural People". The results showed that the top four killers of urban people were:, cardiovascular disease, cancer and; The top four killers in rural areas are cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and cancer. Among them, only respiratory diseases are considered to be related to infection, and the other three are endogenous, that is to say, they are all acquired by themselves. Among them, we can see that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and cancer are closely related to people's living environment and lifestyle to a great extent.
In this case, the only way to keep people's health level from declining or even improving is what we often say, "You must tie the bell to solve the problem", because the main reasons are insufficient exercise, overnutrition and excessive psychological pressure. Therefore, when we can't return to the original manual labor society, we can delay or even balance the threat brought by modern society mainly by appropriately increasing people's exercise, which means that we can greatly reduce the "modern lifestyle disease" of modern people.
So how do modern people survive? Professor Lu Yuanzhen said: "Now many of us may not need to wave our arms once a day; You don't need to empty your body for a week; You don't have to let your heart rate reach 100 beats/min in one month; There is no chance to carry 20 kilograms of heavy objects within one year. We stay away from all kinds of physical activities and rely on TV sets, video recorders and joysticks to stretch our arms. " Professor Lu used this image to describe the living conditions of our modern people, which really brought us great comfort and satisfaction, but at the same time it did bring us many negative effects.
In addition, because more and more of our modern society is mental work, this way of working, especially sitting, looks very comfortable, but in fact it has a great impact on human health. So Henry, a professor at the Physiology and Health Laboratory of American University? Someone once said, "Sitting and working is the most profound change in human metabolism in the history of civilization, which is the reason why many of us have unbalanced metabolism." British scholars also pointed out: "With the establishment of the way of life and work we are sitting now, human beings are getting fatter and more bent." All this means that modern society has caused many new threats to our human health.
Social sports play a very significant role in counteracting and balancing the harm caused by modern social production and lifestyle, so we say that the first important role of social sports is to improve health.
(b) Ability to work for economic development
Through the development of social sports activities, we can at least see the following obvious effects: ① greatly reduce the prevalence rate; (2) greatly improve the attendance rate; (3) With the decrease of the prevalence rate, the medical expenses are greatly reduced. According to American statistics, 1996 American medical expenditure was 1 trillion dollars. In 2002, China first broke through the 10 trillion RMB mark. If the exchange rate between the US dollar and RMB is 1:8.5, it means that the US expenditure on health care is close to China's gross national product in 2002. In 2000, Japan spent 38 trillion yuan on health care. These two figures show that the increase in the number of patients and the sharp increase in medical expenses have become serious obstacles to social development due to our lifestyle problems. Because the medical expenditure of the United States 1996 is equivalent to 15% of its gross national product, that is, 100 yuan is used for medical treatment. Therefore, all countries are aware that if this continues, there will definitely be problems. From the perspective of the country and enterprises, everyone is concerned. If the prevalence rate is reduced through physical activity, can the cost of medical care be greatly reduced? (4) Greatly improved. If a person's body is very strong, his work efficiency will be greatly improved. There is a famous machine tool factory worker Li in Hunan. In the early days, his poor health prevented him from going to work. Later, he insisted on taking part in physical exercise every day, and his body became strong and his spirit was different. Finally, he can finish the workload of two or even three people by himself. So in 1985, some people said that he was a worker who entered 2 1 century ahead of schedule, because his workload had been completed by 2 1 century. ⑤ By carrying out social sports activities, the morale of employees can be improved. For example, there is a good enterprise that carries out mass sports activities, and the attendance rate of employees is 2.2 1% higher than that of ordinary units. This enterprise originally did not carry out sports activities, and the incidence rate decreased after 1 year17.9%; After two years of development, the incidence of infectious diseases has decreased by 65438 08.8% on the original basis. In addition, 88.7% of the long-term patients in our company 155 have recovered or improved after 1~2 years of systematic exercise; Among the 220 employees surveyed, 75% believe that their physical fitness has been significantly enhanced or improved through physical exercise. For another example, physical exercise will have an impact on people's psychology. 82.7% employees in this unit think that he is full of energy through physical exercise; 72.5% employees think he feels relaxed and happy through physical exercise; 76. 1% people feel that he is full of confidence in life through physical exercise; 68.6% people think that sports activities can enhance the unity and friendship of employees, so 83.6% employees think that productive labor cannot replace sports. Through practice, they fully realize that sports activities can improve work ability, reduce diseases, improve attendance, reduce medical expenses, improve work efficiency, and improve staff morale and cohesion. The final result of these cases is that employees' participation in sports activities can promote the development of enterprises and the whole economy, so the role of social sports is obvious.
(c) Improve the quality of life and promote people's all-round development.
When we talk about improving living standards, the so-called living standards are mainly marked by the satisfaction of material needs, such as one month's income, total family income, how many houses there are, whether there are cars and so on. Now, more and more people are developing from improving their living standards to improving their quality of life, because the quality of life is not only related to the satisfaction of material conditions, but also to people's pursuit of value, spiritual pursuit and happiness. By carrying out sports activities, people can be very healthy, energetic and happy, and the acquisition of this sense of happiness is a very important aspect of the quality of life. So China has two familiar sayings. First, "health is 1, and everything else is zero. With a healthy 1, the more other zeros, the more meaningful it is. If you lose 1, the other zeros will always be zeros. " Second, "health doesn't mean everything, but if you lose health, you will definitely lose everything."
In this sense, we can effectively improve people's health and quality of life by carrying out social sports, which is very important for people's all-round development and harmonious development of body and mind, because the most important aspect of people's abnormal development in modern society is the imbalance between brain and body. The so-called imbalance between brain and body is mainly due to excessive mental work and insufficient physical work, or insufficient physical activity. In this case, people will change a lot, so some futurists have made a terrible prediction: what might human beings look like in the 22 nd century? It is equivalent to a huge head with limbs like spiders. This is because if you always use your brain and don't exercise, your limbs will decline, your related organs and functions will also decline, and your brain may get bigger and bigger. This is of course the imagination of futurists, and it is impossible for human beings to do it. But it does remind us that social sports can better promote the harmonious development of human brain and body, which is a very important contribution of social sports to human society.
Enrich social and cultural life and promote social development.
Social sports can not only meet the needs of individual spiritual and material development, but also promote individual development. At the same time, it is also an important activity to enrich social and cultural life. It should be said that it is being carried out more and more widely in China.
Twenty years ago, it was hard for us to imagine that our current social sports had developed to such a degree. For example, during the National Day, in addition to outing, traveling, library and swimming, many families choose to go to various fitness places instead of just sitting at home, which is especially obvious in large and medium-sized cities, even at the beginning of the Spring Festival. In other words, many people in our country have been able to participate in various sports activities in their spare time as an important part of their cultural life.
Enriching our social and cultural life by participating in social sports activities is actually an important symbol of the development of human society. In other words, it is the ultimate value pursuit of the development of human society. Because the development and progress of human society is mainly to better meet the spiritual and material needs of individuals and promote the development of individuals and society. The main role of social sports in enriching cultural life and promoting social development is shown in the following two aspects:
1. Social sports enrich social and cultural life through the participation of the masses (people), especially through actual participation in sports. Many of us directly participate in various sports activities and physical exercises in our spare time. In this process, people's spare time has been used scientifically and reasonably.
Besides participating, some people go to watch various activities, including some colorful social sports and competitive sports. By watching sports competitions, they are also helping our people to spend their leisure time, because with the development of China's economy, the reduction of working hours and the increase of rest days, how to spend their leisure time is not a personal problem or a family problem, but actually a social problem.
Originally, we had a weekend off to work better next week, but now there is a strange phenomenon called "Black Monday", which means that there are all kinds of accidents during work on Monday, but more than usual. Because we can't do useful leisure activities well and correctly, we turn the weekend into a crazy weekend. Eating hard, drinking hard and playing hard on weekends lead to all kinds of discomfort on the first day of work. In this case, we can better help people spend their leisure time, recover their physical strength and vent their mental depression to a certain extent by correctly carrying out social sports activities, which obviously plays an important role in promoting social stability and development.
Fourth, the basic task of social sports.
(a) extensive colorful, healthy and civilized social sports activities.
The most basic task of social sports is to let more and more people participate in sports activities. They should not only participate, but also consciously participate. They should not only watch sports, listen to sports and talk about sports, but also encourage citizens to participate in sports activities. At the end of 1990s, a survey was conducted on the population of China 16 or above. The results show that only 34.3% of urban and rural residents aged 16 participate in sports activities once or more a year, and the other 65.7% do not participate in sports activities. We often hear that the sports population usually refers to people who participate in sports activities twice or more every week, so we can clearly see that the proportion of sports population in China is still quite small. Therefore, the important task of social sports is how to attract, guide and organize Chinese citizens to participate in sports activities.
(B) building and improving the environmental conditions of social sports
The following is the statistical data of national sports venues after 1995: the per capita sports venue area is 0.65 square meters. Among the existing 615,693 stadiums and gymnasiums that meet the standards, the sports system accounts for 2.34%, the industrial and mining system accounts for 7.3%, the school system accounts for 67. 17%, the agricultural system accounts for 10.68%, and the PLA and armed police systems account for 3%. As you can see, at present, our national stadium has two characteristics; First, the site area is very insufficient. Secondly, most of the stadiums and gymnasiums in our country are in schools, but most schools at all levels are not better open to the society. Therefore, in this context, the area of stadiums and gymnasiums in China has formed a huge contrast with the development of social sports work or the promotion of sports work in China. We need to further build and improve the environment and conditions for social sports activities.
Guide people to invest in health and promote sports consumption.
First of all, we understand the concept of Engel index, which refers to the proportion of food consumption in a person's income to the whole income. According to the following survey data, Engel's index in China was 53.82% at 199 1, which decreased to 48% in 2000 and 44% at 5438+0 in 2006, while the lowest in developed countries was 20% or even lower. In this sense; The concept of spending money on health or investing in health has not yet fully formed in our country. A Chinese scholar once conducted a survey on Wuxi residents in Beijing, xi and Jiangsu. The survey shows that the consumption expenditure of urban families on sports goods accounts for 2.46%-3.04% of their daily consumption, and the proportion of expenditure on sports services is even lower. Only 8.6% sports participants have the consciousness of spending money to run a gym. Facing the tickets for operating gyms, 63.6% of urban and rural residents can afford 3-5 yuan, and only 10- 15% can afford 15 yuan. In this sense, first of all, our living standard is still relatively low. Second, as people with economic conditions, they are unwilling to spend money on health. Therefore, the third aspect of developing social sports is to further guide people to correctly understand how to get healthy. In order to get healthy, why spend some money and so on. It may be very meaningful for our social sports instructors to let them establish the concept of spending money on health.
(D) correctly guide the development of social sports.
Many people at home and abroad are willing to take part in sports activities, but they can't get correct guidance. Many of our social instructors have seen this phenomenon. Many middle-aged and elderly women exercise in the park, that is, kicking, bending over and even pulling branches. They think that such activities will always be good for their health, but they don't know how to carry out sports activities scientifically and reasonably according to their age and health. They lack correct guidance. Therefore, in order to have a good development of social sports in the future, we must establish a team of social instructors who are mainly amateurs and supplemented by full-time ones, guide the public correctly and carry out various sports activities correctly. Only when we have completed this aspect, or better, can our social sports work be further developed.
(V) Further promote the reform of social sports management system.
The reform of social sports management system mainly includes the following aspects: First, China is currently transforming from a planned economy to a socialist market economy. In the past, we regarded mass sports, including social sports, as a cause, that is to say, the state and the government paid for it and the government departments took charge of it, because it was carried out in a planned and organized way, especially under the unified organization and control of the government. In this case, we can only engage in various temporary or competitive sports or mass competitions. There is no way to make it a form of sports activities for more people and into life. Under the new situation, our social sports management system only depends on state funding, and it is definitely not possible to manage sports by our sports bureau. Therefore, the basic task of China's social sports management system is to gradually transfer government management to the management of mass organizations and to the management of the people, so as to give full play to the enthusiasm of all sectors of society, including the enthusiasm of the state, the collective and the individual. Only by fully mobilizing and stimulating the enthusiasm of all parties can China's social sports develop further.