A, walking instructions 1, pedestrians must walk on the sidewalk, no sidewalk must walk on the side of the road; 2. Pedestrians are not allowed to chase and run in the roadway, and they are not allowed to suddenly turn and cross when the vehicle approaches; 3, are not allowed to pick up the car on the road, chasing the car, are not allowed to forcibly pulled up or parabolic hit the car; 4, are not allowed to play on the road, frolicking; 5. Preschool children must be led by adults when walking on streets or highways; Second, the boarding instructions 1 are not allowed to greet vehicles in the middle of the road; 2, motor vehicles are not allowed to be any part of the body out of the window; 3, when riding, are not allowed to stand, not allowed to eat in the car; 4. Don't get on or off by force, get off first and then get on, wait in line and get on in order; After getting off the bus, wait for the vehicle to leave. If you want to cross the road, you must walk safely. 5. Do not take overloaded vehicles or vehicles without passenger and sports licenses; Third, riding instructions 1, children under the age of 12 are not allowed to ride bicycles or tricycles on the road; 2. Before turning, slow down, turn around, reach out and don't turn suddenly; 3. Hands are not allowed to leave the handle and climb other vehicles or objects; 4. Vehicles are not allowed to drive in parallel, chase each other or meander; 5. Always check the performance of the car. You can't ride a bike when there is something wrong with its bell, brakes or other parts. You should repair it in time. 6, no umbrellas, no cycling with people; 7, are not allowed to learn to ride a bike on the road; 8, are not allowed to park in the driveway or compete with motor vehicles; Emergency treatment (1) Emergency treatment.
(1) If scalded by hot water, immediately cool the affected area with cold water and take off the clothes. (2) When falling from a height, immediately make the falling person lie down calmly; If there is trauma, clean the wound with clean water or medicated soap and wrap it with gauze.
③ Dislocation: Keep the injured person in a comfortable posture, and apply cold water to the affected area, not hot compress. ④ Heatstroke: Quickly move the heatstroke victim to a ventilated and cool place, unbutton his coat, wipe his head with cold water or wipe his body with alcohol, and let the heatstroke victim drink more cold water, together with ten drops of summer medicine.
⑤ Food poisoning: While looking for an ambulance, send warm water, salt water or milk to the patient; Put fingers and other objects in the patient's mouth and throat to make him vomit. 6 flying objects hit the eyes; Rinse your eyes with clean water, and don't probe with your hands. If the eyes bleed, you can apply gauze lightly, add a layer of cold wet cloth and wrap it with a bandage.
(2) Home fire extinguishing method: 1, quickly dial the fire alarm number 1 19, explain the location, and wait for the fire truck at the intersection. 2. It is best to find a fire hydrant and put out the fire with washbasin, bucket and other appliances.
3, individual items on fire, to quickly move the fire to the outdoor fire fighting. 4. When the oil pan is on fire, cover the pan directly and turn off the power.
5. When the household appliances catch fire, cut off the power first, and then smother the fire with blankets and quilts. If it doesn't go out, water it again. 6. When the TV is on fire and the quilt suffocates to put out the fire, people should stand behind the TV to prevent the kinescope from bursting and hurting people.
7, gas, liquefied gas stove is on fire, you must first close the valve, covered with apron, clothes, bedding, etc. After soaking, pour water. 8. When putting out the fire, slowly open the doors and windows to avoid air convection to accelerate the spread of the fire, and the flame suddenly rushes out to hurt people.
9. Evacuate the flammable or liquefied gas tank near the burning point to a safe place in time. Family life: (1) The total power of household appliances must be less than the total power of incoming lines, so as to prevent the line from being overloaded and short-circuited and causing fire.
(2) When no one is at home, all power supplies must be disconnected to avoid the fire caused by the long-term electrification and heating of electrical appliances. (3) When using liquefied gas, someone must be on the spot to prevent the fire from being put out by wind or liquid, causing liquefied gas to leak and explode.
(4) Don't store a lot of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods at home. (5) Don't bring strangers into the house easily, just in case.
Social Convention: (1) When you go out on the street, you must obey the traffic laws. Don't just cross the street or run a red light. You must watch the biography of slow three. (2) When going out by car, you must pay attention to car safety and try not to take individual private vehicles to avoid traffic accidents.
(3) When traffic is blocked due to weather changes, preventive measures must be taken. (4) Go home in time after school, and make it clear to family, classmates and teachers in time in case of special circumstances.
Try to go home before nine o'clock at night, and don't take remote and sparsely populated roads and lanes. (5) Girls should go out together as much as possible, and don't trust strangers when going out, so as not to be deceived.
(6) When eating out, you must eat hygienic food, don't eat at roadside food stalls, and don't eat half-baked food to ensure your health. (7) Emergency treatment: In case of fire, traffic accident or public security accident, you should immediately contact the local fire department, public security department and traffic department for help: fire alarm telephone number: 1 19 traffic accident: 122 emergency telephone number: 120 police phone number:/kloc-
Fire experts suggest that the following "seven taboos" should be paid attention to in winter family fire prevention: First, avoid the fire caused by household appliance failure. When using electric stove, electric blanket, electric iron, etc. Fire caused by aging and frequent handling of wires must be avoided.
Second, avoid throwing cigarette butts and causing fires. "A cigarette can destroy a building." Don't throw cigarette butts around, especially in places like kitchens where there are many flammable substances.
Third, avoid setting off fireworks and firecrackers to cause fires. When setting off fireworks and firecrackers, we should master the correct discharge method, check and clean up the scene after discharge, and eliminate fire hazards.
Fourth, keep warm without fire. It is forbidden to use flammable items such as gasoline, kerosene and alcohol for ignition in winter. Don't pile up flammable materials around the stove and don't bake clothes with heating equipment.
Five don't burn garbage to cause fire. There may be flammable and explosive substances in garbage, such as liquefied gas residue, glass bottles, firecrackers, waste liquid lighters, etc. Once it burns, it may explode.
Avoid fire caused by gas leakage. Once gas leakage is found, the gas valve and stove switch should be closed immediately, and the doors and windows should be opened. At this time, do not switch any electrical appliances or use the indoor telephone. If you find a gas leak in your neighbor's house, you should immediately knock on the door to inform you. Don't use the doorbell.
Seven bogeys are not equipped with fire fighting equipment. Every family should be equipped with a small fire extinguisher. , every member should master how to use it.
2. Middle school students' health knowledge 100 words
From primary school to middle school, this is not only a major turning point in one's learning process, but also means the arrival of an important physiological development stage. From the age of twelve or thirteen (girls are one or two years earlier than boys), the human body enters a leap period of growth and development-adolescence. For most people, this is just the beginning of middle school life. During adolescence, various organs of the human body generally accelerate their growth and gradually reach a mature level.
During this period, the growth of height can be increased from 4~6 cm a year to 8~ 10 cm. The body weight increased from 1.5 ~ 2kg per year to 5 ~ 6kg, and the growth rate of internal organs was greatly accelerated. Such as the heart, in adolescence, the body weight can be increased to 10~ 12 times of that at birth. It can be said that the middle school period is the most important and favorable period to acquire knowledge, health and physical quality. Good nutrition, proper exercise and reasonable work and rest are three important factors that affect their physical and mental development. In adolescence, the physical development is extremely rapid, the organs are increasing, and the functions of brain, heart, liver and kidney are enhanced. In addition, the study is tense, the activity is large, and more calories are needed.
High school students must have common sense.
1. Reasonable nutrition High school students are in adolescence, with mature body parts, vigorous metabolism, liveliness and activity higher than any age group.
This period is also a period of active thinking ability and the strongest memory, with heavy learning tasks and various exams to face. Teenagers in high school are the key moment for physical growth and knowledge acquisition. Their cerebral cortex is in a state of high tension for a long time, so we must attach great importance to the nutritional status at this time.
In terms of nutrition supply, it is necessary to adapt to the physiological needs of adolescent development. If nutrition supply is not timely or malnutrition occurs during this period, puberty may be delayed for one or two years.
In addition, some high school students are below the standard in height, weight and intelligence because of malnutrition in infancy and childhood. At the beginning of adolescence, as long as we can seize the opportunity and give reasonable and good nutritional supplements, we may catch up with normal teenagers. Many facts show that nutrition has a far-reaching influence on teenagers not only in physical form and function, but also in intelligence and emotion.
Second, diet constitutes a good food for senior high school students. Dietary nutrition arrangement should be suitable for the physiological and psychological characteristics of senior high school students.
In addition to ensuring the special nutrients needed for growth and development, we should also consider the special nutrients that high school students need to supplement because of their heavy learning tasks. The dietary quality is higher than that of primary school students. Therefore, it is beneficial for senior high school students to have a comprehensive, reasonable and balanced dietary nutrition intake to require canteen managers and parents to know more about nutrition knowledge.
1, thermal energy distribution of three meals. According to the study life of senior high school students, there are usually 4-5 classes in the morning, and the activity of brain cells is quite intense. Breakfast is especially important, so we must ensure the quality and quantity.
Some teenagers have to eat one more meal (bread, cake, milk, beans, etc.). After the second class in the morning, I habitually eat breakfast because of my poor appetite or insufficient energy intake. In order to make breakfast (including recess meal) account for 30% of the total calories, lunch for 35%-40% and dinner for 30%-35%, the muscle cells of senior three boys grow at a high speed, and the amount of exercise is generally greater than that of senior three girls, so the heating amount is about 100-300 kcal more than that of girls.
The staple food for one day is 400-600g (65438+600g above 06). Rice, flour, potatoes and miscellaneous grains with high carbohydrate content are used as main raw materials.
Non-staple food, fish 100- 150g, eggs 1-2 (duck eggs and goose eggs are also acceptable), appropriate amount of soybean products, 500-750g of fresh vegetables, 50-250g of fruit150, 200ml of milk, soybean milk and goat milk. Animals with blood in the stomach can eat it in moderation, 2-3 times a week.
2. Every meal should be carefully prepared. You can also mix grains, beans and vegetables.
The proper combination of staple food and non-staple food can give full play to the complementary role of protein and improve the utilization rate of protein. Take breakfast as an example, staple food (cereal, rice), non-staple food (marinated eggs, pork floss or small fish), plus a proper amount of fresh vegetables; Among them, non-staple food can also be replaced by bean products such as boiled soybeans, dried beans and tofu.
In addition, the mixing of rice with flour and dry olefins is also very important. Do not eat porridge and soup at one meal, or eat dry and thick food without soup. For example, steamed bread with porridge of eggs or beans and its products is more reasonable.
3. Choose foods rich in vitamins and inorganic salts as raw materials. Such as milk, lean meat, seafood and vegetables (green, yellow and red), etc., to ensure the supply of various inorganic salts and vitamins.
4. Prepare recipes for one week. Cooking should be based on the local economy and the supply of food raw materials.
The total intake of various nutrients in a week should meet the gas demand of high school students, and try to make the nutritional distribution of each meal reasonable and balanced. However, if the daily intake of various nutrients is slightly different, and the total amount reaches the standard within one week, there will be basically no nutritional problems, which is enough. 5. Eat fresh food to prevent food poisoning.
Iii. Dining environment and eating habits 1. The dining environment should be clean, bright and comfortable, and light music can be played when eating. In this way, diners can feel relaxed and happy, eliminate the tension and fatigue of the tiger layer of the brain, and thus increase their appetite.
2. Eat regularly and quantitatively. Can make the secretion of digestive glands and gastrointestinal peristalsis form regular exercise. If eating irregularly and hunger is uneven, it will cause gastrointestinal dysfunction and affect digestion and absorption.
3. Don't overeat. Don't be partial to food.
Overeating can easily lead to pancreatitis, acute dyspepsia and gastritis. I like to eat this kind of food but I don't like that kind, or I only eat a few kinds of food and don't want to eat others. This is called partial food selectivity.
You should know that different foods contain different nutrients, and even the best food can't contain all the nutrients. 4. Eat less snacks.
Eating too many snacks, over time, the intake of essential nutrients is insufficient, which will lead to malnutrition. On the other hand, when eating snacks, you will bring dirty things and bacteria from your hands into your mouth, which is easy to get infected with intestinal diseases.
Don't engage in strenuous mental work or strenuous exercise within half an hour before and after meals. It is not appropriate to read while eating.
All these will lead to weakened gastrointestinal peristalsis, decreased secretion of digestive juice, affecting digestion and absorption function, and even causing gastritis or other gastrointestinal diseases in severe cases. 6. Don't get angry while eating.
Angry quarreling, crying and sadness not only hinder eating and affect appetite, but also easily lead to indigestion. 4. Dietary nutrition under special circumstances 1. Nutritional requirements and reasonable dietary examination during the examination. High school students are in a state of intense mental work, and using their brains for a long time often leads to dizziness, which is a reaction of hypoglycemia and brain hypoxia.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider adding more carbohydrate foods from nutrition to avoid the adverse reactions of hypoglycemia and brain hypoxia. It is best to eat more carbohydrate-containing foods such as cereals, beans, potatoes, fruits and vegetables, and reduce pure sugar and pure oily foods.
Exams also need enough protein, because protein directly affects the activity of cerebral cortex, which can increase memory and make people concentrate. Therefore, we should eat more protein-rich foods such as milk, eggs, fish, lean meat and beans to improve brain nutrition.
Vitamins and inorganic salts are also essential for high school students who are highly nervous about exams. Many experiments have proved that students' consumption of water-soluble vitamins during the examination period has greatly increased compared with their usual study and life, and they have been supplemented with water-soluble vitamins B 1, B2, C and nicotinic acid to offset it.
4. Health knowledge that middle school students should master.
Common sense of healthy life for middle school students:
1, often eat midnight snack. You will get stomach cancer because your stomach can't rest.
You can only eat four eggs a week. Eating too much is harmful to your health.
Chicken * * * contains carcinogens, so it is best not to eat it.
It is a wrong idea to eat fruit after meals. It should be eating fruit before meals.
5. Girls should not drink green tea during menstruation. No tea anyway. Eat more things that can replenish blood.
6. Don't add eggs and sugar to drink soybean milk, and don't drink too much.
7, don't eat tomatoes on an empty stomach, it is best to eat after meals.
8.wake up in the morning. Drink a glass of water first to prevent stones.
9. Don't eat three hours before going to bed. You will get fat.
/kloc-0 0, drink less milk tea. Because it is high in calories and oil, it has no nutritional value. If you drink it for a long time, you are prone to diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.
1 1, freshly baked bread is not suitable for immediate consumption.
12, away from the charging stand. The human body should be away from more than 30 cm. Never put it by the bed.
13, drink eight glasses of water every day.
14, ten glasses of water a day. Bladder cancer is not coming.
15, drink more water during the day and drink less water at night.
Do not drink more than two cups of coffee a day. Drinking too much can easily lead to insomnia and stomachache.
17, eat less greasy food, because it takes 5~7 hours to digest, so that the blood in the brain is concentrated in the stomach. It is easy to faint.
Sleepy
18, after 5 pm. Eat less big meals, because you don't need so much energy after five o'clock.
19, 10 Food types that will make you happy: deep-sea fish, bananas, grapefruit, whole wheat bread, spinach, garlic and pumpkin, with low content.
Buttermilk, chicken, cherry
20, lack of sleep will make you stupid, you must sleep eight hours a day, and you will not get old if you have a nap habit.
2 1, the best sleep time is 10 at night to 6 am.
22. Don't drink more than one glass a day, because alcohol will inhibit antibody-producing B cells and increase the chance of bacterial infection.
23. Take the capsule with cold water (you can eat it first) and take the medicine 30 minutes before going to bed. Avoid lying down immediately.
24, sour plum has the effect of preventing aging and keeping young forever; People who are angry should eat more.
25, hair loss factors: staying up late, stress, alcohol and tobacco, spicy chicken chops, spicy pots, greasy food, over-flavored dishes.
26, help hair growth: eat more cabbage, eggs, beans; Eat less sweets (especially fructose)
27. A glass of lemon juice and orange juice every day. It can not only whiten skin, but also fade dark spots.
28. Apple will always be a good medicine for motorcyclists, addicts and housewives. Only one apple a day can make you have one.
Clean the lungs
29. Smoking and taking vitamins (a vitamin B carotene -A) can lead to cancer. Quit smoking as soon as possible. It is the healthiest.
Practice of
30. Five periods when women should not drink tea: when menstruation comes, pregnant women, before labor, after childbirth and menopause.
3 1, smoking, the biggest relationship is lung cancer, lip cancer, tongue cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer and bladder cancer.
32. Drinking alcohol leads to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
33. eat areca can cause oral fibrosis and oral cancer.
34. The food is too fine and lacks fiber; Containing a lot of fat, especially cholesterol, can cause gastric cancer.
35. The food is too rough, and when the nutrition is insufficient, it will lead to esophageal cancer and gastric cancer.
36. Aflatoxin and nitrite in food are carcinogenic.
37. Don't smoke. Refuse to smoke secondhand smoke.
38. Drink moderately and don't fight for a long time. Don't get drunk.
39, reduce the consumption of salty, smoked, barbecue food.
40. Eat fresh vegetables and fruits every day.
4 1, daily intake of high-fiber grains and beans.
42. Eat a balanced diet every day and don't overdo it.
43. Maintain an ideal weight. Don't be too fat.
44. Keep a regular life and exercise.
45. Keep a relaxed and happy mood.
46. Correct eating habits: Eat like an emperor in the morning, like a commoner at noon and like a beggar at night.
Common sense of health
High school students must have common sense.
1. Reasonable nutrition High school students are in adolescence, with mature body parts, vigorous metabolism, liveliness and activity higher than any age group.
This period is also a period of active thinking ability and the strongest memory, with heavy learning tasks and various exams to face. Teenagers in high school are the key moment for physical growth and knowledge acquisition. Their cerebral cortex is in a state of high tension for a long time, so we must attach great importance to the nutritional status at this time.
In terms of nutrition supply, it is necessary to adapt to the physiological needs of adolescent development. If nutrition supply is not timely or malnutrition occurs during this period, puberty may be delayed for one or two years.
In addition, some high school students are below the standard in height, weight and intelligence because of malnutrition in infancy and childhood. At the beginning of adolescence, as long as we can seize the opportunity and give reasonable and good nutritional supplements, we may catch up with normal teenagers. Many facts show that nutrition has a far-reaching influence on teenagers not only in physical form and function, but also in intelligence and emotion.
Second, diet constitutes a good food for senior high school students. Dietary nutrition arrangement should be suitable for the physiological and psychological characteristics of senior high school students.
In addition to ensuring the special nutrients needed for growth and development, we should also consider the special nutrients that high school students need to supplement because of their heavy learning tasks. The dietary quality is higher than that of primary school students. Therefore, it is beneficial for senior high school students to have a comprehensive, reasonable and balanced dietary nutrition intake to require canteen managers and parents to know more about nutrition knowledge.
1, thermal energy distribution of three meals. According to the study life of senior high school students, there are usually 4-5 classes in the morning, and the activity of brain cells is quite intense. Breakfast is especially important, so we must ensure the quality and quantity.
Some teenagers have to eat one more meal (bread, cake, milk, beans, etc.). After the second class in the morning, I habitually eat breakfast because of my poor appetite or insufficient energy intake. In order to make breakfast (including recess meal) account for 30% of the total calories, lunch for 35%-40% and dinner for 30%-35%, the muscle cells of senior three boys grow at a high speed, and the amount of exercise is generally greater than that of senior three girls, so the heating amount is about 100-300 kcal more than that of girls.
The staple food for one day is 400-600g (65438+600g above 06). Rice, flour, potatoes and miscellaneous grains with high carbohydrate content are used as main raw materials.
Non-staple food, fish 100- 150g, eggs 1-2 (duck eggs and goose eggs are also acceptable), appropriate amount of soybean products, 500-750g of fresh vegetables, 50-250g of fruit150, 200ml of milk, soybean milk and goat milk. Animals with blood in the stomach can eat it in moderation, 2-3 times a week.
2. Every meal should be carefully prepared. You can also mix grains, beans and vegetables.
The proper combination of staple food and non-staple food can give full play to the complementary role of protein and improve the utilization rate of protein. Take breakfast as an example, staple food (cereal, rice), non-staple food (marinated eggs, pork floss or small fish), plus a proper amount of fresh vegetables; Among them, non-staple food can also be replaced by bean products such as boiled soybeans, dried beans and tofu.
In addition, the mixing of rice with flour and dry olefins is also very important. Do not eat porridge and soup at one meal, or eat dry and thick food without soup. For example, steamed bread with porridge of eggs or beans and its products is more reasonable.
3. Choose foods rich in vitamins and inorganic salts as raw materials. Such as milk, lean meat, seafood and vegetables (green, yellow and red), etc., to ensure the supply of various inorganic salts and vitamins.
4. Prepare recipes for one week. Cooking should be based on the local economy and the supply of food raw materials.
The total intake of various nutrients in a week should meet the gas demand of high school students, and try to make the nutritional distribution of each meal reasonable and balanced. However, if the daily intake of various nutrients is slightly different, and the total amount reaches the standard within one week, there will be basically no nutritional problems, which is enough. 5. Eat fresh food to prevent food poisoning.
Iii. Dining environment and eating habits 1. The dining environment should be clean, bright and comfortable, and light music can be played when eating. In this way, diners can feel relaxed and happy, eliminate the tension and fatigue of the tiger layer of the brain, and thus increase their appetite.
2. Eat regularly and quantitatively. Can make the secretion of digestive glands and gastrointestinal peristalsis form regular exercise. If eating irregularly and hunger is uneven, it will cause gastrointestinal dysfunction and affect digestion and absorption.
3. Don't overeat. Don't be partial to food.
Overeating can easily lead to pancreatitis, acute dyspepsia and gastritis. I like to eat this kind of food but I don't like that kind, or I only eat a few kinds of food and don't want to eat others. This is called partial food selectivity.
You should know that different foods contain different nutrients, and even the best food can't contain all the nutrients. 4. Eat less snacks.
Eating too many snacks, over time, the intake of essential nutrients is insufficient, which will lead to malnutrition. On the other hand, when eating snacks, you will bring dirty things and bacteria from your hands into your mouth, which is easy to get infected with intestinal diseases.
Don't engage in strenuous mental work or strenuous exercise within half an hour before and after meals. It is not appropriate to read while eating.
All these will lead to weakened gastrointestinal peristalsis, decreased secretion of digestive juice, affecting digestion and absorption function, and even causing gastritis or other gastrointestinal diseases in severe cases. 6. Don't get angry while eating.
Angry quarreling, crying and sadness not only hinder eating and affect appetite, but also easily lead to indigestion. 4. Dietary nutrition under special circumstances 1. Nutritional requirements and reasonable dietary examination during the examination. High school students are in a state of intense mental work, and using their brains for a long time often leads to dizziness, which is a reaction of hypoglycemia and brain hypoxia.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider adding more carbohydrate foods from nutrition to avoid the adverse reactions of hypoglycemia and brain hypoxia. It is best to eat more carbohydrate-containing foods such as cereals, beans, potatoes, fruits and vegetables, and reduce pure sugar and pure oily foods.
Exams also need enough protein, because protein directly affects the activity of cerebral cortex, which can increase memory and make people concentrate. Therefore, we should eat more protein-rich foods such as milk, eggs, fish, lean meat and beans to improve brain nutrition.
Vitamins and inorganic salts are also essential for high school students who are highly nervous about exams. Many experiments have proved that students' consumption of water-soluble vitamins during the examination period has greatly increased compared with their usual study and life, and they have been supplemented with water-soluble vitamins B 1, B2, C and nicotinic acid to offset it.