In 2000, Guangdong Province launched a large-scale land and resources survey project-the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone1∶ 250,000 ecological and environmental geological survey, which was evaluated by an expert group in March 2005. The investigation results of water and soil environment show that water and soil pollution is an environmental geological problem with great influence in the Pearl River Delta region at present. The high-risk area of water and soil pollution is 4720 square kilometers, accounting for 1 1.23% of the total area. Dongguan-Zengcheng South-Guangzhou-Foshan-Sanshui area is the most polluted area in this area. The river is black and smelly, the water quality in the urban reach exceeds the standard, and the agricultural water consumption is very tight, which not only causes soil pollution and groundwater pollution, but also leads to the pollution of fisheries and agricultural products such as fish, rice, vegetables, melons and fruits, which seriously harms people's health.
In 2004, Guangdong Province carried out a soil pollution survey in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, which lasted for two years and was basically completed in 2006. This survey comprehensively monitored 54 chemical elements in the soil environment of 47,900 square kilometers in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone. This is the first survey of agricultural soil environment specially designed for agricultural production in Guangdong Province. It provides valuable basic data for the Pearl River Delta region to formulate and adjust agricultural development planning, develop export-oriented high-tech agriculture and green agriculture, establish modern agricultural demonstration areas, and give full play to the maximum benefit of agricultural production of land resources in the Pearl River Delta region. The investigation results show that the agricultural soil environment in the Pearl River Delta region is not optimistic, and the quality of cultivated land soil is deteriorating. The area near the Pearl River Estuary is about 65,438+100,000 square kilometers, with an abnormal area of 5,263 square kilometers of high fluorine in soil and a polluted area of 5,500 square kilometers of eight elements such as cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, nickel and chromium. The contents of heavy metals in vegetables, fruits, rice and other agricultural products all exceed the standard to varying degrees, and heavy metal pollution poses a potential threat to the quality and safety of agricultural products and human health.
In addition, in order to find out the soil environmental quality and its pollution situation in Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province has also carried out the investigation and evaluation of soil environmental quality, such as the soil pollution situation in typical areas, the distribution law of heavy metals and toxic organic compounds in the soil in the Pearl River Delta region and risk prediction.