It is commendable for some car companies to switch to masks, but it is also worrying: compared with professional mask manufacturers and other enterprises, can they adhere to the mask industry standards, how competitive the products are, how reliable they are, what are their advantages, how to recover the investment cost after the sudden increase in demand under special circumstances, and whether a "financial mine" will be buried?
Medical masks should be analyzed for chemical residues released 14 days after leaving the factory.
On the evening of February 13, the first batch of masks produced by SAIC-GM-Wuling officially went offline. According to the official data of SAIC-GM-Wuling, it took only three days to complete the renovation of 10W clean workshop, installation and debugging of equipment, and obtained the qualification of research, development, production and sales of civil protective masks. At present, according to the professional standard of medical masks (YY/T? 0969-20 13) for production. Following the first batch of 6,543.8+00,000 masks, 500,000 masks of "Five Spirits" were given again in February, 654.38+05, which provided the greatest support for medical and police frontline epidemic prevention personnel. In Guangdong, BYD switched to masks and disinfectant, which is expected to be delivered around February 17; Guangzhou Automobile Group fully integrates and mobilizes resources. While stepping up self-made equipment, we also sent technical force to support the mask factory in Guangzhou.
Since the outbreak of coronary pneumonia, masks have become one of the most popular commodities in China. Xiantao, which has the reputation of "China's famous nonwovens industry city", has an average daily mask production capacity of 2.7 million, second only to Shanghai, which has an average daily mask production capacity of 4 million (data as of the end of June 2020). Even so, masks are still in short supply in Hubei and even the whole country.
In the critical period, it can be said that it is good news for automobile enterprises to transform and produce masks. However, building a car requires relevant qualification certificates. Do you need relevant qualification certificates to make masks?
"If you make a medical mask, the manufacturer needs to have a medical device certificate. Many mask factories in Xiantao are civilian mask manufacturers, producing disposable masks, making foreign trade lists and selling them abroad. This kind of (civil mask) manufacturer does not have such relevant qualification certificate. " The person in charge of a mask manufacturer in Xiantao told CRRC reporter.
Weibo, the official of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, also showed that there will be chemical residues after medical masks are processed, which will take about 14 days to be released.
CRRC contacted SAIC-GM-Wuling and BYD, respectively, regarding whether the car companies that switched to masks had relevant qualifications. Both parties indicated that they had obtained production qualifications with the help of all parties.
"It has been approved and licensed." In response to the question raised by the outside world about the cross-border production of masks by car companies, the relevant person of SAIC-GM-Wuling told CRRC.com that "we are qualified for long-term production." In terms of quality and safety, at present, SAIC-GM-Wuling has the relevant qualifications for mask research and development, production and operation. At the same time, SAIC-GM-Wuling is also the first automobile enterprise to obtain the Medical Device Business License and pass the professional inspection.
"We are currently actively preparing for approval and certification, and the government has also opened up a' green channel' for scarce materials." A related person from BYD's public relations department told CRRC.com, "BYD has a professional equipment research and development and technical team, long-term cooperation and stable upstream raw material resources, and has great advantages in raw materials and production technology preparation. Products will also be produced in strict accordance with the current national standards. ? "
It is worth noting that when car companies switch to masks, the news that "medical masks need to be analyzed 14 days after production" has become the focus of attention. "There is this. After medical masks are processed, there will be chemical residues, which will take about two weeks to analyze before they can be put on the market. " An employee of an anonymous mask factory in Xiantao told CRRC.
There is no mention of mask storage 14 days in the related reports that automobile companies quickly switched to masks and shipped them quickly. At this time, CRRC convened relevant persons from relevant automobile companies. "We are fully produced according to the standards of medical masks, and mask distribution representatives have passed relevant standards." CRRC.com asked if there was any behavior of leaving 14 days, and the other party said that this should be confirmed by him, and we will communicate after further information.
Local government deployment? Wuling mask is not open to the public.
Under the influence of COVID-19, the balance between supply and demand of masks was broken, which inevitably led to the scarcity of raw materials. From what aspects can car companies switch to masks to ensure the smooth production?
The raw material for mask production is mainly polypropylene, and the melt mass flow rate is 33-4 1g/min? Polypropylene products can meet the standards of sanitary polypropylene melt-blown nonwovens, and can be used in medical and surgical supplies, civil health supplies and other fields. The sound insulation cotton material in the car is polypropylene.
"In some products produced by SAIC-GM-Wuling, polypropylene (a high-specification material that can be used for medical supplies) is used to produce sound-insulating cotton." Shen, deputy general manager of SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd. said.
CRRC learned that according to the project construction plan, the clean workshop of SAIC-GM-Wuling was rebuilt by Guangxi Construction Engineering Group, which will be completed and put into use this month, and 14 mask production lines will be set up. Four of them are N95 mask production lines, and 10 is a general medical protective mask production line. According to the production climbing plan, the daily output has reached 500,000 vehicles, and it is expected to reach an average daily production capacity of 2 million vehicles this month. The company that jointly produces masks this time is the upstream supplier of SAIC-GM-Wuling Guangxi Defude Group Co., Ltd., which mainly produces polymer materials such as NVH soundproof cotton and its parts. Is a private high-tech enterprise, with mature spare parts manufacturing and technology research and development capabilities.
With the help of all parties, how will the masks produced by SAIC-GM-Wuling and many enterprises be distributed? Another related person of SAIC-GM-Wuling told CRRC reporter. The masks produced will be uniformly deployed by the Guangxi district government to support medical institutions to carry out epidemic prevention work and protect the health and safety of citizens.
BYD, a subsidiary of BYD Precision Manufacturing Co., Ltd., has brought the research, development, production and sales of medical devices and industrial protective products into its new business scope, with a production capacity of 5 million pieces per day by the end of February. At present, the supply direction is mainly units and enterprises to meet the needs of the frontier of war "epidemic situation" (hospitals, buses, taxis, subways, banks, etc.). ) and internal demand, and external orders are not accepted at present.
Compared with the strong alliance of SAIC-GM-Wuling, it is reported that BYD's mask raw material supplier is itself. Regarding the authenticity of the news, CNR contacted BYD, saying that "the company has no information released in this regard".
"Outsiders" have no advantage? Dystocia commercial mask
Head car companies SAIC-GM-Wuling, BYD and Guangzhou Automobile Group are not for profit for the time being, and actively participate in the team that produces masks. In order to win the sniper battle of epidemic prevention and control, the government also actively responded, opening the way for major car companies and eliminating worries.
Announcement No.8 of the Ministry of Finance and State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, 2020, makes it clear that the newly purchased related equipment for the production of key materials for epidemic prevention and control in order to expand production capacity is allowed to be included in the current cost and deducted before enterprise income tax. In addition, the production enterprises of key materials for epidemic prevention and control can apply to the competent tax authorities for a full monthly refund of the incremental value-added tax.
Among them, after learning that BYD was involved in the production of epidemic prevention materials, Shenzhen Pingshan District Taxation Bureau immediately organized the enterprise liaison officer of "Qianhu Group" to get in touch with BYD quickly, and gave BYD "one-on-one" counseling on the preferential tax policies for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, such as deducting the cost of newly purchased equipment before enterprise income tax and fully returning the increment of value-added tax. In addition, for SAIC-GM-Wuling, China Development Bank provided a loan of 50 million yuan.
In an interview with CRRC. Com, BYD and SAIC-GM-Wuling all said that the production time of masks depends on the development of the epidemic and will be produced until the epidemic situation is alleviated and eliminated.
It is worth noting that it is a big project from rebuilding the production line to purchasing equipment and then involving many employees. As soon as the epidemic passed, car companies turned back into production lines. In this context, the resources mobilized by car companies can be seen, and the cost paid is also quite high.
Huachuang Securities Research Report shows that the market price of a complete set of automatic cup-shaped mask forming machine used to produce N95 masks is around 300,000-350,000. A set of equipment for producing common medical masks is about 1.5-0.2 million/200 thousand. Each set of equipment can produce more than 654.38+ten thousand masks every day. Take SGM-Wuling as an example. The company owns 14 production line, and the equipment investment alone is about 3 million yuan.
"Usually we earn more than 100 yuan a day, and this time it is three times the salary." An employee of Xiantao Mask Factory told CRRC.
SAIC-GM-Wuling masks are expected to average 2 million per day, and BYD will average 5 million per day. Due to the shortage of masks, China and Japan, the world's major mask producers, are making every effort to increase the production capacity of masks. The Japanese government asked its government to increase the production of masks to 600 million pieces per month, equivalent to China before the outbreak. According to the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China is the world's largest producer of masks, accounting for about 50% of the global output.
In addition, other enterprises have also joined the ranks of mask production, and the situation that masks are in short supply can be quickly alleviated. As the epidemic subsides, demand will suddenly disappear. The epidemic has passed, how to solve this capacity?
In addition, masks seem simple, and many companies can do it, but the real threshold is very high. Not only for suppliers, stable distribution channels and mature cost control capabilities, enterprise standards, inspection and testing processes and brands are all shortcomings of car companies. Car companies can produce product masks, but they can't produce best-selling commercial masks at present, which has laid a hidden danger for them.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.