The first is to implement the agricultural insurance regulations. The regulations strengthen the top-level design of agricultural insurance and establish the basic rules of agricultural insurance management, but they are relatively "extensive", and many aspects need to formulate corresponding supporting policies and rules and regulations to improve and refine them. Market subject management. At the beginning of agricultural insurance, insurance institutions generally found it difficult and unwilling to participate. In recent years, the central government subsidized insurance premiums, and no large-scale natural disasters occurred. The operation of agricultural insurance is relatively good and its financial sustainability is relatively strong. Many insurance institutions have begun to request to join the agricultural insurance business. In order to promote the long-term healthy development of agricultural insurance, we will formulate the basic requirements for agricultural insurance management, considering not only the capital strength, but also the professional service level and management ability, such as claims settlement speed, disaster prevention and loss prevention ability, agricultural data accumulation and information processing ability. The regulatory authorities regularly publish a list of qualified companies for the insured farmers to choose from. Agricultural insurance has a strong policy, so it is necessary to study new ways and means to guide market players to achieve high-level and moderate competition. Product management. Many experts and scholars believe that although agricultural insurance is not a completely public product, financial subsidies account for 60% to 80% of the premium, and it can also be regarded as a quasi-public product. Moreover, agricultural insurance also bears the heavy responsibility of consolidating agricultural status. Therefore, compared with other insurance products, agricultural insurance products need stricter supervision to effectively safeguard the interests of farmers. In the past, when talking about insurance, we all know that the insured may have moral hazard and adverse selection problems. For example, some customers know that their health is declining or their property is more likely to be damaged, so they will take out insurance with insurance companies more actively than normal customers. Insurance institutions may also have such problems, such as choosing products with good returns or easy operation when developing agricultural insurance, which makes the agricultural insurance products that farmers really need missing or underdeveloped, or deliberately designing the product terms very complicated and engaging in some traps. If this behavior occurs, it will have a very negative impact on the central policy of benefiting farmers. We must pay close attention to this and adhere to the "zero tolerance" supervision standard. We are considering making model clauses, which have wide insurance liability, high degree of protection, simple claim conditions and low rates, and will be attractive to farmers. We will regularly announce the products that have passed the examination and approval and filing to the public for the convenience of supervision by all parties. Service system. The quality of insurance service, especially claims service, directly affects the evaluation of agricultural insurance by farmers and all parties. The regulatory authorities are studying and formulating agricultural insurance claims standards and claims service evaluation system. For example, claims must be paid to farmers within the prescribed time limit, and the central policy of benefiting farmers can be truly implemented through efficient and high-quality claims service. We are studying and formulating a long-term incentive mechanism to encourage insurance institutions to increase investment, especially in the grassroots service system. Improve the rural grass-roots service system through various forms, and promote the insurance service to extend to the fields of agricultural production and farmers' life. In addition to timely and convenient compensation after the disaster, insurance companies should also provide farmers with professional value-added services such as risk early warning and risk prevention. For example, before the typhoon came, some companies helped farmers cut off the film in the greenhouse to help farmers reduce disaster losses.
Second, strengthen the supervision of agricultural insurance. There are a lot of financial subsidies in the operation of agricultural insurance, which puts forward higher requirements for insurance companies to truly operate in compliance with the law. During the inspection, it was found that some local grass-roots government departments and institutions did not guide farmers to insure real insurance, but obtained financial funds through false insurance and false claims, which made it difficult to implement the central policy of benefiting farmers. In response to this phenomenon, in 20 14, the CIRC will improve the relevant regulatory provisions, organize special inspections on agricultural insurance focusing on compliance, increase penalties for violations of agricultural insurance, and resolutely crack down on this phenomenon to ensure that the central policy of benefiting farmers will not be intercepted halfway.
Third, effectively prevent risks. Agricultural insurance risk has the characteristics of high frequency, uneven distribution between years and high correlation with natural factors such as weather. In 20 12, the "July 21"rainstorm in Beijing, the total agricultural output in Beijing was not large, resulting in a loss of about 70 million. This year's floods in Northeast China, only agricultural insurance in Heilongjiang Province paid more than 2.7 billion yuan. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the system and guide insurance companies to make reinsurance arrangements for agricultural insurance. Don't let them take chances and think that they will not make reinsurance arrangements without major disasters for several years in a row. In addition, the Measures for the Management of Catastrophe Risk Reserve formulated by relevant departments will be implemented from 20 14 10, and the CIRC will check the provision, management and use of catastrophe risk reserve every year to ensure that all companies can withdraw it in full and on time.
Fourth, encourage and support innovation. The operation of agricultural insurance is a worldwide problem. There are not many truly successful countries and regions, but successful countries such as the United States, Japan and France have given a lot of government subsidies. This is because agriculture is a special weak industry and the risks of agricultural insurance are difficult to control, including natural risks, moral risks and market risks. In addition to the above risks, China has another feature, that is, most of China's agriculture is a decentralized small-scale production mode, unlike the intensive and large-scale operation in the United States and other countries, which causes difficulties in underwriting, survey, loss determination, claim settlement and risk management of China's agricultural insurance. The next step is to reduce risks and costs and improve the quality of claims service through innovative ways and ideas. For example, through the application of new technology, agricultural insurance can develop continuously. Some insurance companies have set up their own anti-aircraft artillery teams to carry out artificial rainfall and hail suppression. Some insurance companies are equipped with drones, which not only facilitates survey and claims settlement, but also helps the government to make statistics on the disaster situation and make a pre-judgment. Therefore, to encourage and support the innovation of agricultural insurance institutions, the regulatory authorities should treat innovation and possible problems caused by innovation with the greatest tolerance.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.