People aged 60 and over are at high risk of serious illness and death after being infected with COVID-19 virus. At present, the number of four phase III clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccine approved for marketing is limited, and there is no data on the protective effect of the vaccine on this population.
However, the data of phase I/II clinical research show that the vaccination safety of this population is good. Compared with the population aged 65,438+08-59, the titer of neutralizing antibody was slightly lower after inoculation, but the positive conversion rate of neutralizing antibody was similar, suggesting that the vaccine will also have some protection for people over 60 years old. Vaccination is recommended.
(2)1population under 8 years old.
At present, the existing vaccine has not obtained the clinical trial data for this population, so it is not recommended to vaccinate people below 18 for the time being.
(3) Patients with chronic diseases.
People with chronic diseases are at high risk of serious illness and death after being infected with COVID-19 virus. Patients with chronic diseases with stable health and good drug control should not be regarded as taboo population for vaccination in COVID-19, so vaccination is recommended.
(four) women of childbearing age and lactation.
If you are pregnant after vaccination or vaccinated in an unknown pregnancy situation, based on the understanding of the safety of the above vaccines, it is not recommended to take special medical measures (such as termination of pregnancy) just because you have been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine, and it is recommended to do a good job in pregnancy examination and follow-up. There is no need for a woman who has a pregnancy plan to postpone her pregnancy plan just because she has been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine.
Although there is no clinical research data on the effect of COVID-19 vaccine on lactating infants, based on the understanding of vaccine safety, it is suggested that lactating women (such as medical staff) infected with high-risk groups in COVID-19 should be vaccinated. Considering the importance of breast-feeding to infant nutrition and health, and referring to international practice, it is recommended that breast-feeding women continue breast-feeding after receiving COVID-19 vaccine.
(5) People with impaired immune function.
People with impaired immune function are at high risk of serious illness and death after infection in COVID-19. At present, there is no data on the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine for this population (such as malignant tumor, nephrotic syndrome, AIDS patients) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected people. The immune response and protective effect of this part of the population may be reduced after vaccination.
For inactivated vaccine and recombinant subunit vaccine, according to the safety characteristics of the same type of vaccine in the past, vaccination is recommended; For adenovirus vector vaccine, although the vector virus used is replication deficient, there is no safety data of the same type of vaccine in the past. It is suggested that the benefits outweigh the risks before vaccination.
(6) Patients or infected persons in COVID-19 in the past.
Existing research data show that reinfection within 6 months after infection is rare in COVID-19. COVID-19 virus infected persons (patients or asymptomatic infected persons) can be inoculated with 1 dose after 6 months on the basis of full notification.
Overseas Network-The National Health Commission released the first edition of COVID-19 vaccination technical guidelines.