"Innovation is indeed a major strategic decision made by the central government. Based on the increasingly fierce international competition, China's economy has entered a new normal. The core of the new normal is speed change, structural optimization and power conversion. Only innovation can enhance the endogenous power of China's economy. " Xu, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, introduced.
Under the development concept of "innovation", the proposal innovates from seven aspects: new power, new space, innovation-driven development strategy, new industrial and agricultural system, new system and macro-control mode.
What does steady growth depend on? "First of all, we should give full play to the key role of investment. The current investment is to make up the shortcomings and adjust the structure. " Xu said, "The goal of economic development is to stabilize growth, promote reform, adjust structure, benefit people's livelihood, prevent risks and stabilize growth."
In view of the "innovation-driven development strategy", according to Xu, there are about three aspects of work in the in-depth implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy: system reform and government reform; Support a series of projects, plans and industries; Mass entrepreneurship and innovation. Xu introduced that a series of projects, plans and industries will be supported: first, a number of national laboratories will be established in major innovation fields; Second, accelerate the formation of a number of innovative leading enterprises with international competitiveness and support the healthy development of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises; The third is to systematically promote comprehensive innovation and reform experiments in qualified provinces and regions, and strive to make breakthroughs in key links and key areas; Fourth, strengthen the construction of national innovation ability and build a number of industrial technology innovation platforms; Fifth, vigorously cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries.
Idea 2: Coordination
Mainly from regional cooperation, urban-rural integration, paying equal attention to material civilization and spiritual civilization, combining economic construction with national defense construction, focusing on broadening the development space in coordinated development and enhancing the development stamina of weak areas.
As for regional cooperation, in the chapter "Innovation" and the chapter "Expanding New Regional Space", it is expounded that "One Belt and One Road" construction, the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt will lead to the formation of vertical and horizontal economic axes, the optimization of the three major urban agglomerations of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, and the formation of urban agglomerations such as the Northeast, the Central Plains, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the Chengdu-Chongqing area and the Guanzhong Plain. It can be predicted that national urban agglomerations and new districts will emerge continuously.
Regarding the coordination between material civilization and spiritual civilization, the "Program" emphasizes "putting social benefits in the first place and realizing the unity of social and economic benefits". Among them, cultural digitalization and China culture going abroad are regarded as the key points, "promoting the integration and development of traditional media and emerging media, speeding up media digitalization and creating a number of new mainstream media. Optimize the media structure and standardize the communication order. Strengthen international communication capacity building, innovate external communication, cultural exchanges and cultural trade methods, and promote Chinese culture to the world. "
It is worth noting that the new-type think tank with China characteristics and the project of sorting out the classics of Chinese studies have been formally included in the planning "Proposal": "Prosperity and development of literature and art, press and publication, radio, film and television. Implement the innovation project of philosophy and social sciences and build a new type of think tank with China characteristics. We will build a heritage system of Chinese excellent traditional culture, strengthen the protection of cultural heritage, revitalize traditional crafts, and implement the collation project of Chinese classics. Strengthen and improve grassroots propaganda and ideological and cultural work, and deepen all kinds of mass spiritual civilization creation activities. "
Idea 3: Green
The "Proposal" puts forward a new goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and "ecological environment quality" comes before "all aspects of the system".
What environmentalists are most looking forward to is that vertical law enforcement by environmental protection departments is expected to be formally implemented. In the past two years, China has successively introduced many measures such as "the strictest environmental protection law" and "the strictest water control". However, in the process of implementation, due to "the power of the environmental protection department is too small", it is impossible to effectively implement laws and regulations. The proposal clearly puts forward that "the enterprise pollutant discharge permit system covering all fixed pollution sources should be established, and the vertical management system of monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of environmental protection institutions below the provincial level should be implemented".
"Developing green finance and setting up a green development fund" is clearly written into the section "Promoting the harmonious coexistence between man and nature". This is the result of long-term research by green finance researchers such as Ma Jun, chief economist of the central bank. In order to strengthen the environmental information disclosure of enterprises, Ma Jun put forward four suggestions: First, it is necessary to force listed companies and bond issuing enterprises to disclose environmental information through legislation; Secondly, the exchange should specify the contents and templates of disclosure, and require quantitative and regular disclosure of key information, especially major pollution emission indicators; Third, give play to the role of intermediary agencies in evaluating, supervising, guiding and encouraging environmental information disclosure; Finally, we should continue to strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of environmental information disclosure.
The Plan also proposes to promote the utilization of resources by means of market price, "establish and improve the initial distribution system of energy use rights, water use rights, emission rights and carbon emission rights, innovate paid use, budget management, investment and financing mechanisms, foster and develop trading markets", "implement contract energy management and contract water-saving management" and "innovate property rights models and guide all kinds of funds to invest in afforestation". Ma Jun agreed with this move. "It is to use market prices to make people who waste resources and destroy the environment pay the price, thus promoting green development."
In addition to the market price mechanism, the assessment of green indicators for officials has also been formally included in the planning proposal. "Establish a spatial governance system consisting of spatial planning, use control, audit of natural resources assets of leading cadres, and differentiated performance appraisal with cities and counties as units."
Idea 4: Open.
China will implement "going out" in a deeper level and with higher quality, and the equipment industry and service trade will become the main supporting industries for export. In the future, a number of commodity bases built in China will appear overseas, and international financial platforms will emerge one after another.
Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan will also get more opportunities. The "Proposal" proposes to "support Hong Kong to consolidate its three central positions in international finance, shipping and trade, and participate in the two-way opening up of the country and the construction of the" Belt and Road ". Support Hong Kong to strengthen its position as a global offshore RMB business hub, promote the development of financing, commerce, logistics and professional services to high-end and high added value, "accelerate the construction of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao cooperation platforms such as Qianhai, Nansha and Hengqin", "promote the construction of the economic zone on the west side of the Taiwan Strait, build a cooperation platform with Taiwan such as Pingtan" and "deepen regional cooperation such as Pan-Pearl River Delta".
Building an Asia-Pacific free trade area and a global high-standard free trade area network, and participating in the formulation of polar and aerospace rules will become important measures in the 13th Five-Year Plan, such as "accelerating the implementation of the free trade area strategy, promoting the negotiation of regional comprehensive economic partnership agreements, promoting the construction of the Asia-Pacific free trade area, and striving to form a global high-standard free trade area network", "actively participating in the formulation of international rules in new fields such as network, deep sea, polar and aerospace" and "actively participating in 2000".
Idea 5: * * Enjoy
There are only five years left in 2020. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed that by 2020, all rural poor people will be lifted out of poverty under the current standards, and all poverty-stricken counties will be stripped of their hats.
The calculation of the poor population is based on the annual income of less than 2,300 yuan, and at the constant price of 20 10, there are 70170,000 poor people. Xu said, "This is the shortcoming and the most prominent problem in building a well-off society in an all-round way. This task is very arduous. We are studying how to help the poor and get rid of poverty accurately. "
Specifically, poverty alleviation will be divided into four levels: First, increase the intensity of precision poverty alleviation. These 70 million people will get rid of poverty by developing production, and the preliminary estimate is 30 million. The second is to relocate a group of poor people from areas without production and living conditions to places with better production and living conditions, with a total population of100000. The third is to transfer a batch of posts. By improving the education level of the poor and finding jobs for them through training, about100000 people can be solved. Fourth, there are nearly 20 million people, a considerable number of whom are rural five-guarantee households and disabled people. These 20 million people should be managed by social security.
The core of public service is "five things", namely employment, housing, medical care, social security and education. The "Proposal" puts forward development strategies in these aspects: in terms of employment, "focus on solving structural employment contradictions. Improve entrepreneurship support policies, encourage entrepreneurship to drive employment, and establish a service platform for entrepreneurship for all "; In education, "implement and deepen the reform of the examination enrollment system and the reform of education and teaching. Support and standardize the development of private education and encourage social forces and private capital to provide diversified educational services "; In terms of social security system, "the implementation of the national insurance plan will basically achieve full coverage of statutory personnel. Appropriately reduce the social insurance rate "; In terms of medical care, "comprehensively promote the comprehensive reform of public hospitals, adhere to the nature of public welfare, break the profit-seeking mechanism, and establish a personnel compensation system that conforms to the characteristics of the medical industry."