In daily life, whether a person is healthy or not is usually measured by the words "constitution" and "health", that is to say, there is a certain connection between constitution and health, and a unified answer can be made to whether a person is healthy or not.
With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, people's living standards have been continuously improved, and students' physical health has been improved, but at the same time, students' physical qualities, such as vital capacity, obesity and myopia, are still very high. These phenomena show that physical health, as our goal and the new direction and new idea of school physical education reform, is a problem worthy of our attention.
1, the concept and evaluation index of physique
Constitution is the quality of human body, and it is a comprehensive and relatively stable feature of human body's morphological structure, physiological function and psychological quality on the basis of heredity and acquired. Morphological structure, physiological function, physical fitness, athletic ability, psychological status and adaptability to internal and external environment are five important factors that constitute physical fitness. They depend on each other, interact and restrict each other, in which the physical structure is the material basis, the physiological function, physical quality and psychological condition are the subjective and objective manifestations of physique, and the adaptability to the internal and external environment is the comprehensive response of physique. Because a certain morphological structure must show certain physiological functions, physical fitness is an objective reflection of the functional ability of various organ systems in the process of human exercise; The process of functional development and perfection will correspondingly cause a series of changes in the body's morphological structure and physiological function, and with the changes in morphological structure and physiological function and the development and improvement of physical quality, certain psychological processes and individual psychological characteristics will be produced, thus promoting people's psychological development. Therefore, when evaluating physical fitness, in addition to congenital genetic factors, functional indicators, quality and sports ability indicators, and psychological indicators are all influenced by acquired factors, which means that physical exercise is most likely to change physical fitness.
2. Concept and evaluation index of health.
Health is everyone's goal, and people in different periods have different interpretations of the meaning of health. In ancient times, keeping in good health was often divided by illness or not. Sick and unhealthy, healthy without illness. The concept of modern people's health is put forward according to the development of medical model and biomedical model into biological, psychological and social medical model. The United Nations World Health Organization defines health as: "Health is not just the absence of disease or weakness, but a state of physical, mental and social adaptation." It links human health with biological, psychological and social relations, and clearly puts forward that the connotation of health should be a good state of physical, psychological and social adaptability, that is, a person can only be considered as a healthy person if he maintains a good state of physical, psychological and social adaptability. It can be seen that we should not only pay attention to our own health, but also strive to maintain a good psychological state of self-feeling and get along well with others, so that you will be energetic, optimistic and cheerful, and then you can study and live healthily. In other words, to evaluate a person's health, we should comprehensively evaluate it with three indicators: physical health, mental health and social adaptability.
3. The relationship between physique and health
To sum up, physique and health are related to human body's morphological development, physiological function, sports ability and psychological state, and adaptability to society (including interpersonal relationship), which shows that there are differences and connections between them. Physical fitness is the most basic element of life activities and the material basis of health. From the research point of view, physique focuses on physique, body shape, physical quality, sports ability and so on. And health focuses on the study of diseases, abnormalities and deaths of the tissue structure and physiological functions of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and blood vessels. Physique studies the human body from the "appearance", while health studies the human body from the "inner". Physical fitness is the quality of human body, while health is the reaction and performance of physical fitness. Therefore, when evaluating physical health, some indicators are difficult to be regarded as pure physical indicators, and some indicators are difficult to be regarded as pure physical examination indicators.
A person's body is always in the process of continuous development. Birth, old age, illness and death are the inevitable laws of life, and no one can stop them. For people of all ages, the implementation of "health investment" and "health savings" is the most active and effective way to enhance physical fitness, delay aging, promote health, obtain high-quality work and life quality, and achieve longevity. There are three most important points to insist on physical exercise: ① from an early age, ensure one hour of physical activity every day; (2) lay a solid foundation, cultivate lifelong sports habits and implement the outline of the national health plan; ③ Sports workers should improve teaching methods and strengthen physical exercise. In teaching, it is necessary to understand students' physical condition, formulate targeted and scientific physical education teaching plans, guide physical education teaching, carry out sports activities, and continuously improve students' physical education quality.